Nucleus and cytoplast contour detector from a cervical smear image

In this paper, a nucleus and cytoplast contour detector (NCC detector) is presented to automatically detect the cytoplast and nucleus contours of a cell in a cervical smear image. The NCC detector uses the adaptable threshold decision (ATD) method to separate the cell from the cervical smear image, and then uses the maximal gray-level-gradient-difference (MGLGD) method, proposed in this paper, to extract the nucleus from the cell. The experimental results show that the NCC detector is superior to two existing methods, the gradient vector flow-active contour model (GVF-ACM) and the edge enhancement nucleus and cytoplast contour (ENNCC) detector, in segmenting the cytoplast and nucleus of a cell.     

Dynamics of a microchain of superparamagnetic beads in an oscillating field

The dynamics of microchains containing superparamagnetic particles in an oscillating field are studied experimentally. The chains are first formed by a static directional field, and then manipulated by an additional dynamical perpendicular field. The present methodology represents a simple reversible chaining process, whose particles can be re-dispersed after removal of the field. The motion of superparamagnetic chains is dominated by magnetic torque and induced hydrodynamic drag. The effects of key parameters, such as field strengths and the lengths of particle chains, are thoroughly analyzed. Distinct behaviors, from rigid body oscillations and bending distortions to rupture failures, are observed by increasing the amplitudes of oscillating fields or chains’ lengths. Because of lower induced drag, a shorter chain follows the field trajectory closely and oscillates more synchronically with the external field. On the other hand, the influences of field strengths are not consistent. Even the overall oscillating phase trajectory in a stronger external field deviates less significantly from the corresponding field trajectory, a stronger dynamical component of the external field results in larger phase angle lags at certain points. The experimental results confirm the criterion of ruptures can be effectively determined by the value of (N*Mn ^1/2), where Mn is the Mason number defined as the ratio of induced drag to dipolar attraction, and N represents the number of particles contained in a chain.     

Characteristics of hemicelluloses obtained from sweet sorghum based on successive extractions

Hemicelluloses were successively extracted from sweet sorghum by hot water, dioxane, DMSO, and different concentrations of NaOH between 0.5% and 6.0%. The yields of the seven fractions together accounted for 88.6% of the original hemicelluloses. The obtained hemicellulosic subfractions were comprehensively investigated by both destructive methods such as alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation and acid hydrolysis and nondestructive techniques such as gel permeation chromatography, Fourier‐transform infrared, ¹³C‐nuclear magnetic resonance, and 2D‐heteronuclear singular quantum correlation. Sugar composition studies showed that the water‐soluble polysaccharides consisted mainly of glucose, while xylose, arabinose, and glucuronic acid were the major sugars in other hemicellulosic fractions. It was found that the hemicelluloses from sweet sorghum were l‐ arabino‐(4‐O‐methyl‐d‐ glucurono)‐xylans. Comparison with the hemicellulosic fractions dissolved by the alkali treatment, the hemicellulosic fraction extracted by DMSO had lower molecular weight. In addition, it was also found that the hemicelluloses prepared by dioxane and DMSO were more branched since that they had higher nonxylose/xylose ratios than those extracted by the alkali treatment, which were more linear and contained higher amounts xylose. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42790.     

A MATLAB code for the material-field series-expansion topology optimization method

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering - This paper presents a MATLAB implementation of the material-field series-expansion (MFSE) topology optimization method. The MFSE method uses a bounded material...     

一种弹性足式机器人腿部结构设计与分析

针对足式机器人在实现奔跑、跳跃等极限运动时,腿部会受到地面较大反向冲击力的问题,使用仿生学方法以猫科动物腿部骨骼肌系统为仿生对象,通过引入变刚度弹性杆件对闭链连杆机构进行优化设计,设计一种结构简单、能够有效储存地面反向冲击力并将其转化为运动时动能的足式机器人腿部机构;建立数学模型,对变刚度弹性元件进行定量分析,并采用矢量回路法对连杆机构进行运动学分析;建立优化前后两种单腿机构的虚拟样机,使用MATLAB软件设计控制系统,并应用ADAMS对虚拟样机进行行走、跳跃仿真,对优化前后两种腿部机构进行对比实验;在此基础上搭建实物样机,并进行实验验证。实验结果表明:所提出的足式机器人腿部结构具备可实现性,能够将来自地面的冲击力转化为运动的动能,提升足式机器人的跳跃高度。     

Microstructure and Mechanical Property Correlation of Mg-Si Alloys

Silicon - The present work aims at understanding the microstructure and mechanical property correlation of hypo (Mg-0.5, 0.7, 1.15 wt% Si) and hyper (Mg-2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 wt% Si) eutectic binary...     

“与自然共生”：英国儿童游戏场地改造

风景园林实践在很大程度上受到政府决策的影响,以英国英格兰地区为例,劳动党政府于2008年提出的《儿童计划》和《游戏策略》,在为儿童游戏场地的更新和建设提供资金支持的同时,也间接推动了儿童场地设计导则与标准的发展。然而随着2010年政府换届,儿童户外游戏场地发展方案被移出了英国国家发展计划。将着重介绍在政策变化的背景下,于英格兰北部谢菲尔德市进行的名为“与自然共生”政府资助项目的实践经验,重点探究在政策引导的背景下,通过儿童户外游戏场地自然化改造的方式对社区户外空间进行适儿化提升的过程、方式和成果。将从多元参与协同工作的机制、儿童参与社区改造的方式以及儿童游戏场地的游戏价值提升等多个方面阐释该项目,为中国“十四五”规划背景下儿童友好型城市建设中社区环境优化提升面临的机遇与挑战提供基于英国经验的应对策略;对因地制宜地建设中国儿童友好城市及社区提供基于前沿实践的参考和建议。     

硼酸铝晶须的应用与制备

无机材料在国民经济和国防建设中均占有重要地位，其中硼酸铝晶须作为一种新型的无机应用材料，由于其具有许多的特殊功能，而且相对廉价，近年来受到了人们的广泛关注。就硼酸铝晶须的组成、物化性能及主要用途作了简单介绍，并主要介绍了生产硼酸铝晶须两种主要方法——助熔法和水热法。指出与发达国家相比，中国在这方面的研究工作还有很大差距，今后如能大力开展制备和应用方面的研究，中国的许多工程材料的性能将得到极大的提高。     

弹用红外干扰发烟剂研制

对铜基红外干扰发烟剂的配方及影响配方性能的主要因素进行了实验研究，并对其性能进行了测试。结果表明，该发烟剂不仅对中、远红外光具有优良的干扰能力，而且对可见光、激光也具有良好的遮蔽能力。该发烟剂还具有装填密度大，不导电，耐高、低温性能、相容性和稳定性能良好等特点。     

铜基红外干扰发烟剂性能影响因素

重点研究了铜粉粒度、铜含量、添加剂及配方组成和配比等因素对铜基发烟剂红外消光性能的影响，同时也研究了包覆剂及制药工艺对发烟剂性能的影响。并且对测试结果及相关问题进行了分析讨论。