利用玉米秸秆制备高吸水树脂

将玉米秸秆预处理后与丙烯酸接枝共聚制备高吸水性树脂,采用单因素实验确定了合成条件中各因素的最佳水平:θ=45℃,引发剂中过硫酸钾用量为单体质量的0.8%,交联剂N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBAM)用量为单体质量的0.6%,m(AA)∶m(玉米秸秆)=8∶1,丙烯酸中和度为70%,t=4 h。对最佳条件下制备的树脂进行了性能测试,对秸秆预处理前后及产物进行了扫描电镜分析。结果表明,该树脂具有良好的吸水、保水性能,吸水率最高达到291 g.g-1,吸盐水率达到49 g.g-1。     

Novel fluorescence sensor based on covalent immobilization of 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole via electrostatically assembled gold nanoparticle layer

A novel technique of immobilizing indicator dyes by electrostatic adsorption and covalent bonding to fabricate optical sensors was developed. 3-Amino-9-ethylcarbazole (AEC) was attached to the outmost surface of quartz glass slide via aminosilanizing the slide, crosslinking chitosan, adsorbing Au nanoparticle, self-assembling HS(CH₂)₁₁OH, and coupling AEC. Thus, an AEC-immobilized optical sensor was obtained. The sensor exhibits a wide linear response range from 7.0×10⁻⁷ to 1.0×10⁻⁴ mol/L and a correlation coefficient of 0.995 9 for the detection of 2-nitrophenol. The detection limit and response time of the sensor are 1.0×10⁻⁷ mol/L and less than 10 s, respectively. The fluorescence intensity of the used sensor can be restored to the blank value by simply rinsing with blank buffer. A very effective matrix for immobilizing indicator dye is provided by the proposed technique, which is adaptable to other indicator dyes with amino groups besides AEC. Foundation item: Project(20775010) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project(208095) supported by the Key Project of Ministry of Education, China; Project(07A006) supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department, China; Project(07JJ3020) supported by Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China     

江西省农业旱情预测模型的建立与应用

根据农业用地的不同性质分别建立旱地缺墒模型,灌溉水田、水浇地、菜地与望天田缺水度模型,并据此建立江西省农业旱情预测模型,对江西省农业旱情进行预测.为科学抗旱和减少旱灾损失提供依据和指导.     

Relationship of hydrocarbon and source-rock in Nos.3-5 tectonic belts of the Lenghu area, northern Qaidam Basin

Based on analyses of the components of crude oil hydrocarbons and carbon isotopes, the content of normal alkane de-creased from 49.00% to 20.10% when moving from the No.3 to No.5 tectonic belt of the Lenghu area of the Qaidam Basin, while cycloalkanes increased from 30.00% to 52.20% and aromatic and branch chain alkanes increased gradually as well. The maturity of sterane in crude oil is higher than that of its source-rock, which shows that the hydrocarbons were generated from a deep source-rock of high maturity around the tectonic belts of the Lenghu area. The analysis of the characteristics of carbon isotopes also shows that these isotopes of hydrocarbon compounds in the No.4 and No.5 tectonic belt are apparently heavier than those in the No.3 belt. The results of our research show that the hydrocarbons in the No.3 tectonic belt are mainly from a relatively rich sapropelic substance, while the hydrocarbons in the No.4 and No.5 tectonic belt originated mainly from organic matter of a rela-tively rich humic type substance.     

基于全局优化算法的多学科优化计算构架

比较了MDF计算构架与分解类构架对多学科连续性约束的处理策略,并分析了MDF计算构架对多学科分析提出的计算需求.在此基础上,将多学科分析(MDA)的求解问题转化为全局优化问题,结合具有全局搜索特性的遗传算法和具有较好局部收敛特性的复合形法,建立了一种全局优化算法GACA,以满足MDA的计算需求.基于GACA,对MDF计算构架进行改进,建立了两级优化MDF计算构架BL-MDF.典型算例的计算结果表明,本文的计算构架具有较好的计算性能,同时算例也验证了本文对MDF与分解类计算构架的比较结论.     

一种新的基于隐式经验的服务发现模型

文章介绍了一个新的服务发现模型ICSD模型,解决了传统服务发现技术中服务的功能与非功能特性较难控制的问题.文中第1节定义了模型中用到理论的9个相关概念.第2节具体介绍了模型的实现原理,给出了模型的一个原理图及模型中用到的一个相似度计算算法.文中第3节介绍了一个基于ICSD模型开发的原型系统,并引入了一套测试方案对系统进行了验证.试验证明随着服务数量的增加,系统的精确率稳定到0.8.     

反旋向多漩流器阵列燃烧室流场的数值研究

采用雷诺应力模型(RSTM)对于反旋向多漩流器阵列贫油直喷(LDI)燃烧室的非反应冷态流场进行了数值模拟.研究中采用了一种3×3的漩流器阵列结构,相邻漩流器的旋向交替变化.计算结果表明,所研究的燃烧室流场结构十分复杂.由于相邻漩流器之间对于漩流的强化作用,因而各回流区维持了较长的长度.流场中存在的多个回流区及强湍流表明该燃烧室有潜力实现良好的燃烧性能.通过将雷诺应力模型的模拟结果与LDV实验数据进行比较发现,计算结果与实验值符合良好,说明雷诺应力模型较好地求解了回流区和高速度梯度问题.     

杯芳烃衍生物分离介质的合成与表征

提出了以自制的杯芳烃与甲基丙烯酰氯为原料合成杯芳烃衍生物,以杯芳烃衍生物和丙烯酰胺作为复合功能单体,将其运用到分子印迹技术中,制备的印迹聚合物分离介质,对模板分子苯甲酰胺及其结构类似物的分离效果,好于使用单一单体的效果,当杯芳烃衍生物与丙烯酰胺的比例为1：3时,分离因子可达13．37。     

数控加工三维场景几何建模技术研究

讨论了基于构件技术的数控加工三维场景建模技术,并以OpenGL和Visual C++6.0为开发平台,开发出一个基于STL文件格式的建模系统.     

块体非晶合金制备方法的研究进展

对大块非品合金的制备方法进行了总结和归纳,阐述了不同制备方法的基本原理,并对各种制备方法的优缺点进行了讨论.最后根据对不同制备方法的分析及探讨,对大块非晶合金制备方法的研究方向进行了展望.