裂缝性特低渗油藏自适应深部整体调驱在CK油田的应用研究

鄂尔多斯盆地CK油田为裂缝性特低渗油藏,注入水易沿压裂裂缝、纹理缝、溶蚀缝等多种类型裂缝组成的高渗窜流通道发生突进。为改善该类油藏开发效果,在CK油田C126区开展了自适应深部整体调驱体系性能评价与先导性矿场试验,发挥该技术的区域性封堵效果,提高药剂利用效率,聚合物质量浓度0.5%、分子量1500万时,交联剂浓度范围为150~300mg/L,稳定剂质量浓度为0.03~0.05%,用低剪切速率泵入0.3倍孔隙体积堵剂。矿场试验表明,施工后注入井的注入压力与井口压降状况改善十分明显,油井含水率降低23个百分点,有效期超过13个月,累积增油量810.25t,位于5口调驱井作用范围交叉区域的5口高含水井见效尤为明显,净增油幅度约127%,充分发挥了整体性区域调驱的应用效率。     

试论虚拟制造技术在现代模具制造中的组织模式

现代模具制造业在引进计算机技术、数控加工技术和网络通信技术以后,具备了组建虚拟模具制造公司的条件。本文先分析了现代模具制造引进虚拟技术概念的可行性,然后对其组建模式进行深入的探讨。     

矿井提升系统有恒定负载自持振荡的研究

在用于矿井提升的发电机－电动机系统中,存在着由于发电机励磁饱和非线性变化引进的自持振荡;这种自振现象必然控制在允许范围内,否则将留下安全隐患。本文论述了有给定,有恒定负载情况下的自持振荡,得出了其振幅值给定和负载的增大而减小的结论,最后给其达到恰好克服静摩擦力的最佳状态。     

MATLAB编程实现ISODATA算法

ISODATA算法是一种经典的聚类算法,而MATIAB则是一种现行广泛使用的数学运算工具。首先介绍了ISODATA算法,然后详细说明了使用MATLAB语言实现ISODATA算法的过程。     

胡芦巴不同溶剂粗提物对两种储粮害虫的驱避和触杀活性

为开发环境和谐的植物性杀虫剂,以乙醇、乙酸乙酯、丙酮、氯仿、石油醚为溶剂采用温浸回流法对胡芦巴Trigonella foenum-graecum L.种子中的生物活性物质进行提取;并以主要储粮害虫杂拟谷盗Tribolium confusum du Val、谷蠹 Rhyzopertha dominica Fbricius成虫为试验对象,采用滤纸药膜法对胡芦巴5种溶剂粗提物进行驱避、触杀活性测定.结果表明:5种溶剂粗提物对杂拟谷盗的驱避作用均优于对谷蠹的作用:在各粗提物剂量为1.6 μg/cm2时,对杂拟谷盗处理7 d后的平均驱避率均超过80%,驱避等级为Ⅴ级,其中丙酮粗提物效果最好.但5种溶剂粗提物对谷蠹的触杀作用却均优于对杂拟谷盗的作用:处理72 h后,乙醇、乙酸乙酯、丙酮、氯仿粗提物对谷蠹成虫的LD50依次为0.112、0.102、0.106、0.100 mg/cm2,石油醚粗提物的触杀活性相对较差;乙醇、乙酸乙酯、氯仿粗提物用0.91 mg/cm2剂量处理72 h后,杂拟谷盗成虫的平均死亡率分别为95.56%、72.22%、87.78%;丙酮、石油醚粗提物用1.04 mg/cm2剂量处理72 h后,杂拟谷盗成虫的平均死亡率分别为57.78%和53.33%.     

Nonlinear optimization for adaptive antenna array receivers with a small data‐record size

Design of a nonlinear adaptive antenna array receiver is a challenging task in wireless communications due to the limited number of antenna elements and the presence of correlated signals, which directly affect the performance of an antenna array. More importantly, a conventional nonlinear array receiver is often associated with a high computational complexity that undermines its applicability in practice. In this paper, we present a new approach to adaptive beamforming receiver that provides superior performance in antenna array overloading and in the presence of correlated signals with a low complexity. In particular, the proposed receiver requires a small data‐record size to estimate the beamformer weights, which is beneficial in applications with fast fading channels. Simulation examples illustrate the performance improvement of the proposed array receiver when it is compared to the conventional beamformers. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

气旋浮高效油水分离器试验研究

为满足在场地空间受限区域含油污水处理的需要,结合水力旋流器分离速度快和气浮分离效率高的优点,设计出新型高效预处理设备——气旋浮油水分离器。针对影响该分离器分离性能的因素(结构参数、操作参数)进行了试验研究。试验确定了带中心绕流柱,导流板的伸展角为180°,与中心轴线夹角为60°为最佳结构;最佳进气量为300mL/min。试验结果还表明,在一定的范围内,分离效率随入口流量的增加而增加,且随分流比的增加而增加,但二者并非越高越好。经过优化的气旋浮油水分离器能够满足油水分离预处理的需要。     

3-羟基丙醛两段加氢制1,3-丙二醇催化剂的失活

 采用固定床连续流动反应器考察了双组分负载型催化剂Ni-D/HM在3-羟基丙醛两段式加氢制1,3-丙二醇反应的稳定性,并利用活性评价、XRD、BET、TG-DTA、原子吸收、元素分析等手段,分析了Ni-D/HM加氢催化剂的失活原因。结果表明,3-羟基丙醛加氢制1,3-丙二醇二段催化剂失活后比表面、孔体积、骨架结构等发生了较明显的变化,表面有明显结焦,表面Ni组分流失严重;催化剂失活的主要原因是催化剂结构变化和催化剂表面Ni组分的流失。降低反应温度和空速可使催化剂保持较高的活性和稳定性     

Orientation control of epitaxial Ge thin films growth on SrTiO3 (100) by ultrahigh vacuum sputtering

We report the orientation control of crystalline Ge (111) and Ge (001) growth on SrTiO₃ (100) substrate by adjusting the temperature of substrate. It is found that the substrate temperature plays an important role for the formation of crystalline Ge with different surface orientations and interfacial chemical configuration during the sputtering process. At 500 °C, Ge (111) with good crystalline quality is formed, while Ge (001) is preferably grown on SrTiO₃ substrate at 650 °C. Our results show the possibility of manipulating the surface orientations during Ge growth on SrTiO₃ by controlling the substrate temperatures.     

Emulsification for castor biomass oil

The effect of the emulsifier formula on the stability of castor oil-water system was studied through compounding three groups of emulsifiers from the aspects of stability factor of absorbance, centrifuge stability, demulsification time in quiescence, appearance of the droplets, and viscosity. The best emulsifier formula for castor biomass oil was the composite formula of sorbitan monooleate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate. Correlation exists between the stability of emulsion and the viscosity/particle size of the droplets, with better stability in the case of greater viscosity or narrower distribution of particle size in the emulsion of castor oil-water system. Methanol added to the castor oil-water system may decrease the viscosity of the emulsion. Comparing the castor oil-water emulsion with methanol-castor oil-water emulsion, the optimal hydrophilic and lipophilic balance (HLB) value based on castor oil-water system was acquired between 6.6 and 7.5, while the optimal HLB value based on the methanol-castor oil-water system was between 5.5 and 6.0. The optimal HLB value of methanol-castor oil-water system gradually moved to that of castor oil-water emulsion with adding more water.