Protein phosphorylation: technologies for the identification of phosphoamino acids

Protein phosphorylation plays a central role in many biological and biomedical phenomena. In this review, while a brief overview of the occurrence and function of protein phosphorylation is given, the primary focus is on studies related to the detection and analysis of phosphorylation both in vivo and in vitro. We focus on phosphorylation of serine, threonine and tyrosine, the most commonly phosphorylated amino acids in eukaryotes. Technologies such as radiolabelling, antibody recognition, chromatographic methods (HPLC, TLC), electrophoresis, Edman sequencing and mass spectrometry are reviewed. We consider the speed, simplicity and sensitivity of tools for detection and identification of protein phosphorylation, as well as quantitation and site characterisation. The limitations of currently available methods are summarised.     

Fluorimetric determination of monobromobimane and o-phthalaldehyde adducts of gamma-glutamylcysteine and glutathione: application to assay of gamma-glutamylcysteinyl synthetase activity and glutathione concentration in liver

The reversed-phase HPLC separation of fluorescent o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) derivatives has been applied to the assay of hepatic gamma-glutamylcysteine and glutathione (GSH) levels and the enzymes producing these peptides. The method has been compared to the assay using monobromobimane (MB) as the derivatizing agent. The OPA method has the advantage of faster derivatization, the lack of need to adjust the pH, isocratic separation and selectivity for GSH and gamma-glutamylcysteine. The MB method requires pH adjustment following derivatization and gradient elution chromatography. MB is also non-selective, yielding fluorescent derivatives of all biological thiols and more interfering peaks on the chromatogram. MB-based analyses are also approximately sixty times more expensive per sample. MB yields fluorescent degradation products on exposure to light. OPA adducts are stable for up to ten days when stored at -20 degrees C. OPA detection is sensitive to 12.5 pmol in the sample, at a signal-to-noise ratio of 2.5. The two methods correlate well. Hepatic gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase in the same liver preparation was found to be 4.85 +/- 0.47 nmol min-1 mg-1 protein by the OPA method and 4.42 +/- 0.52 nmol min-1 mg-1 protein by the MB method. GSH concentrations were found to be 90.4 +/- 6.5 nmol/mg protein for the OPA method and 92.5 +/- 3.4 for the MB method.     

温度,压力对漂移室气体增益的影响

研究了温度及气体压力对漂移室（工作于正比区）气体放大倍数的影响，温度和气体压力的变化范围分别是５￣４０℃及９０￣１０５ｋＰａ。用实验数据拟合得到了函数关系并测量了几种饱和度下函数中的参数值。     

介绍两种原皮防腐方法

本文简要地介绍了美国一家公司提供的原皮防腐方法。     

浅析土特产的包装设计——以乐陵金丝小枣为例

经济繁荣的消费时代,土特产因其浓郁的地域特色赢得消费者的喜爱,进入了广阔的消费领域。包装设计在土特品商品化的过程中备受关注,成为其在市场竞争中获胜的重要途径之一。面对土特产包装市场良莠不齐的现象,文章结合乐陵金丝小枣这一土特产,阐述了方便化,自然化,特色化,环保化设计在土特产的包装设计发展中的重要意义,以发挥包装的魅力,提升土特产包装更高层次的商业价值。     

校园网络系统的设计及安全性研究

如今,计算机的普及已经遍布我国的各行各业各个人群中,其中学生代表一个先进的群体,代表国家的未来,在学生中,几乎没有人不会使用计算机。校园是国家的知识基地和人才基地,它代表着信息产业技术发展的前沿,但是目前校园网在国内发展还不够成熟,对校园网络的安全还不够重视,对校园网络安全问题带有一定的盲目性和偏见。文章主要介绍校园网的特点,针对这些特点目前存在的一些威胁,之后介绍校园网络的安全架构。     

电子文档防扩散体系建设研究

本文针对目前日益凸显的电子文档泄漏问题,对国内电子文档保护现状和存在的问题进行了分析,从原理和实现方式等方面对比了主流文档保护产品,总结了在建立电子文档防扩散体系时应确定的防护原则,并对管理和技术要点进行了分析,为电子文档防扩散系统的建设提供了建议。