肝细胞癌切除术后不同生存期相关危险因素分析

解释了环境温度对微机械气流式全方位水平姿态传感器灵敏度的影响机理.采用有限元方法,通过建立该传感器敏感元件的三维模型计算了不同环境温度下,倾斜10°时敏感元件内的温度场.结果表明,在热源温度一定的情况下,输入恒定倾角时,敏感元件内的温度场随环境温度发生了变化;随着环境温度的增加(下降),敏感元件内两两相对的检测热敏电阻处的温度之差减小(增加),检测电桥输出电压减小(增加),传感器灵敏度降低(升高).为进一步采取温度补偿,减小该传感器灵敏度的温度漂移提供了理论和实验依据.     

Highly Emissive Nd3+‐Sensitized Multilayered Upconversion Nanoparticles for Efficient 795 nm Operated Photodynamic Therapy

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a noninvasive and site‐specific therapeutic technique for the clinical treatment of various of superficial diseases. In order to tuning the operation wavelength and improve the tissue penetration of PDT, rare‐earth doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with strong anti‐stokes emission are introduced in PDT recently. However, the conventional Yb³⁺‐sensitized UCNPs are excited at 980 nm which is overlapped with the absorption of water, thus resulting in strong overheating effect. Herein, a convenient but effective design to obtain highly emissive 795 nm excited Nd³⁺‐sensitized UCNPs (NaYF₄:Yb,Er@NaYF₄:Yb_0.1Nd_0.4@NaYF₄) is reported, which provides about six times enhanced upconversion luminescence, comparing with traditional UCNPs (NaYF₄:Yb,Er@NaYF₄). A colloidal stable and non‐leaking PDT nanoplatform is fabricated later through a highly PEGylated mesoporous silica layer with covalently linked photosensitizer (Rose Bengal derivative). With as‐prepared Nd³⁺‐sensitized UCNPs, the nanoplatform can produce singlet oxygen more effective than traditional UCNPs. Significant higher penetration depth and lower overheating are demonstrated as well. All these features make as‐prepared nanocomposites excellent platform for PDT treatment. In addition, the nanoplatform with uniform size, high surface area, and excellent colloidal stability can be extended for other biomedical applications, such as imaging probes, biosensors, and drug delivery vehicles.     

Optimizing mechanical and magnetic properties of AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy via FCC to BCC phase transformation

FCC,BCC and B2 phases,the most common phases in high-entropy alloys(HEAs),are widely investigated to tailor their mechanical and magnetic performances.The detailed investigation of FCC to BCC/B2 phase transformation of AlCoCrFeNi HEA in this paper reveals its evolution and structure-properties relations in terms of both temperature and holding duration.With increasing heat treatment temperature and duration,such transition will progress simultaneously at both the dendric core(DC)region and inter-dendric(ID)region and the volume of phase transformation from FCC to BCC phases is greater than FCC to B2 phases,resulting in increased yield strength and saturation magnetization.The obvious phase transition of the AlCoCrFeNi HEA at 1200℃can enhance its yield strength and saturation magnetization as a sacrifice of its fracture strain.However,an excellent combination of mechanical-magnetic properties was achieved when heat-treated at 1100℃for 50 h by optimizing both the transformation and the size of B2 phases.Our present study could pave ways to design the HEAs or other alloys with an optimum combination of mechanical and magnetic properties for application-oriented viewpoints.     

Molecular Beam Epitaxy and Electronic Structure of Atomically Thin Oxyselenide Films

Atomically thin oxychalcogenides have been attracting intensive attention for their fascinating fundamental properties and application prospects. Bi₂O₂Se, a representative of layered oxychalcogenides, has emerged as an air‐stable high‐mobility 2D semiconductor that holds great promise for next‐generation electronics. The preparation and device fabrication of high‐quality Bi₂O₂Se crystals down to a few atomic layers remains a great challenge at present. Here, molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) of atomically thin Bi₂O₂Se films down to monolayer on SrTiO₃ (001) substrate is achieved by co‐evaporating Bi and Se precursors in oxygen atmosphere. The interfacial atomic arrangements of MBE‐grown Bi₂O₂Se/SrTiO₃ are unambiguously revealed, showing an atomically sharp interface and atom‐to‐atom alignment. Importantly, the electronic band structures of one‐unit‐cell (1‐UC) thick Bi₂O₂Se films are observed by angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), showing low effective mass of ≈0.15 m₀ and bandgap of ≈0.8 eV. These results may be constructive to the synthesis of other 2D oxychalcogenides and investigation of novel physical properties.     

Effects of complex modificating technique on microstructure and mechanical properties of hypereutectic Al–Si alloys

In this article, the structure of Al-18Si alloy was modified by thermal-rate treatment technique at 930 °C based on the DSC result. The mechanical properties of Al–18Si alloy were improved remarkable by a complex technique with alloying and thermal-rate treatment. A new treating technique named as complex modificating technique was proposed, and the performance of this technique on Al–18Si–1.5Cu–0.6Mg alloy was investigated. The results show that primary Si can be refined when Al–P master alloy was added into the melt at 770 °C after thermal-rate treatment. Compared with the conventional casting technique by which the melt of alloy was unmodified, better refinement effect can be obtained with the combination of alloying and complex modificating technique: the size of primary Si is decreased from 66 to 16 μm, the tensile strength increased by 75.94% and the brinell hardness by 66.59%. Moreover, the mechanism of the complex modificating technique was also discussed.     

中式菜肴红烧肉烹饪过程中丙烯酰胺含量变化的动态监测

研究动态监测中式菜肴红烧肉烹饪过程中丙烯酰胺含量的变化情况。样品经水提取、液液萃取脱脂和固相萃取柱净化处理后,采用高效液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱方法,以内标法定量,在多重反应监测模式测定目标化合物。方法的线性范围为10～1 000 ng/mL,线性相关系数为0.999 9。方法的定性检出限和定量限分别为0.1 μg/kg和1 μg/kg,回收率为91.4%～105.8%,相对标准偏差小于8%。采用该方法测得红烧肉在烹饪过程中丙烯酰胺含量呈倒V形走势,在加入糖、酱油等调味料后丙烯酰胺的平均含量达到顶点值42.4 μg/kg。     

UPLC-MS/MS测定生乳与豆制饮品中咪唑烟酸残留

该研究考察生乳与豆制饮品中咪唑烟酸的前处理条件,旨在建立一种超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）检测生乳与豆制饮品中咪唑烟酸农药残留的方法。结果表明,该方法的前处理条件为采用甲酸∶乙腈=5∶995(V/V)提取,HLB固相萃取柱净化,20%乙腈水溶液定容。选择电喷雾离子源正离子（ESI+）多反应监测（MRM）模式,采用UPLC-MS/MS测定咪唑烟酸,外标法定量。在此条件下,咪唑烟酸在2.0～30.0μg/L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数R2>0.99,生乳和豆制饮品中咪唑烟酸的检出限（LOD）和定量限（LOQ）均分别为0.002 mg/kg、0.005 mg/kg,加标回收率为80.77%～90.35%,精密度试验结果的相对标准偏差（RSD）为1.43%～5.27%,说明该方法简便、快速、准确,具有一定的推广价值,可用于生乳与豆制饮品中咪唑烟酸残留量检测。     

大豆分离蛋白与寡糖静电相互作用及复合物乳化性的分析

以大豆分离蛋白（soybean protein isolate,SPI）和寡糖（棉子糖和水苏糖）为原料制备复合溶液,通过调节pH值（3.0～10.0）研究SPI-寡糖形成复合体系的相行为、微观结构,确定形成可溶性静电复合物的条件及其对蛋白质溶解性、乳化性的影响。Zeta电位、激光共聚焦显微镜观测和浊度测定的结果显示,在酸性条件下,SPI与寡糖通过静电相互作用形成复合物,且等电点与SPI相比向酸性偏移;内源荧光光谱扫描发现SPI-寡糖复合物的荧光强度低于SPI,且静电相互作用越强荧光强度降低越明显。当pH?6.0时,SPI-寡糖较大程度形成可溶性静电复合物,此时复合物的功能性质较SPI有所改善,SPI-水苏糖和SPI-棉子糖的乳化性与SPI相比分别提高了50.66%和39.69%。     

刺梨中鞣花酸的分离鉴定及提取工艺的优化

目的：本研究旨在建立刺梨中鞣花酸的分离纯化方法,并对提取鞣花酸的酸水解法进行工艺优化。方法：以刺梨干果为原料,通过超声辅助提取法提取单宁酸,加酸进行水解制得粗鞣花酸,并通过甲醇重结晶进行纯化,采用高效液相色谱测定其纯度,及核磁共振波谱法(NMR)、红外光谱法(IR)、质谱法(MS)、高效液相色谱法(HPLC)、紫外光谱法(UV)对提取得到的鞣花酸进行结构确证,另外,以得率为指标,以酸浓度、提取温度、提取时间、液料比为自变量,在单因素实验的基础上,通过Box-Benhnken中心组合设计和响应面分析法确定刺梨鞣花酸的酸水解工艺条件。结果：从刺梨中提取得到了鞣花酸提取物,通过HPLC分析测定其纯度达到92%,鞣花酸提取物的最大吸收波长254 nm,分子离子峰m/z 301.00,红外吸收各波数与标准品一致,并利用¹H-NMR,¹³C-NMR确定了其结构。通过响应面法得到了酸水解法制取鞣花酸的最优工艺：酸浓度5%,提取温度127℃,液料比为8:1 mL/g,提取时间9.8 h,在此条件下刺梨鞣花酸的得率为30.2%±2.3%(与预测值相比P>...     

薰衣草产酚酸内生真菌的分离及产物初步鉴定

利用人工种植的薰衣草及无锡本地采集的相同品种薰衣草,对其各组织内生真菌进行分离、纯化。分别分离得到18和23株内生真菌。对所筛选出的菌株进行固态发酵,并对其发酵培养产物进行提取。通过化学反应的方法从野外采集薰衣草内生真菌中筛选出一株产酚酸的菌株,并通过分子生物学方法对其进行初步鉴定,并对其固态发酵提取物进行初步研究。研究结果表明了薰衣草内生真菌的多样性,为通过微生物固态发酵产酚酸类物质提供理论和实验基础。