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171.
Jooyoung Jang Susan Bell Trickett Christian D. Schunn J. Gregory Trafton 《International journal of human-computer studies》2012,70(11):812-827
Spatial arrangement of information can have large effects on problem solving. Although such effects have been observed in various domains (e.g., instruction and interface designs), little is known about the cognitive processing mechanisms underlying these effects, nor its applicability to complex visual problem solving. In three experiments, we showed that the impact of spatial arrangement of information on problem solving time can be surprisingly large for complex real world tasks. It was also found that the effect can be caused by large increases in slow, external information searches (Experiment 1), that the spatial arrangement itself is the critical factor and the effect is domain-general (Experiment 2a), and that the underlying mechanism can involve micro-strategy selection for information encoding in a response to differing information access cost (Experiment 2b). Overall, these studies show a large slowdown effect (i.e., approximately 30%) that stacking information produces over spatially distributed information, and multiple paths by which this effect can be produced. 相似文献
172.
Molecular Ordering: Selectivity of Threefold Symmetry in Epitaxial Alignment of Liquid Crystal Molecules on Macroscale Single‐Crystal Graphene (Adv. Mater. 40/2018)
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173.
Phosphorescent OLEDs: Sky‐Blue Phosphorescent OLEDs with 34.1% External Quantum Efficiency Using a Low Refractive Index Electron Transporting Layer (Adv. Mater. 24/2016)
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174.
Eun-Jeong Jeong Nam Keun Lee Jisun Oh Seong Eun Jang Jai-Sung Lee In-Hyu Bae Hyun Hee Oh Hoo Kil Jung Yong-Seob Jeong 《Food science and biotechnology》2014,23(4):1193-1198
The antifungal effects of essential oils (EOs) on cultures of the known cheese fungal contaminants Penicillium spp. were evaluated. Cinnamon leaf and bark EOs were the most effective among 8 EOs tested. The main components of both cinnamon EOs were eugenol, cinnamaldehyde, and linalool. Both inhibited growth of Penicillium spp. at a concentration of 10% v/v (2,000 ppm/mm2) on a lawn cell plate. When tested using 3 commercially available cheese starters, cinnamon EOs showed no effect against the FD-DVS ABT-5 cheese starter. However, growth of lactobacilli was inhibited in the presence of ≥10% (v/v) of leaf and bark EOs for the KAZU 1 starter, and ≥5% (v/v) for the FD-DVS FLORA-DANICA starter. A concentration of 4,000 ppm/mm2 of cinnamon EOs completely inhibited growth of the Penicillium spp. that naturally contaminates the surface of Appenzeller cheese. 相似文献
175.
In this study, a health management program for a composite train carbody was developed using the acquired strain distributions from fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor arrays. To determine appropriate locations for the FBG sensors, a finite element analysis (FEA) was executed. In this FEA, a FE model of the Korean tilting train (TTX) was used as a representative composite carbody train. The FEA results of various derailment situations and high speed operation on curved track were used as the database of each deformation case. In the last step, the health management program was produced using LabVIEW software. In this post-processing algorithm, the method of least squares was used to determine the difference between the FEA results and the acquired strains. This program shows the estimated deformations and plots of the acquired strains, as well as displaying an emergency indicator when necessary, all through post-processing of the strains. Finally, this FEM/FBG hybrid method was verified by several simulations using the reproductive sensor data. 相似文献
176.
177.
Hak-Yoon Kim Insoo Choi Sang Hyun Ahn Seung Jun Hwang Sung Jong Yoo Jonghee Han Jihyun Kim Hansoo Park Jong Hyun Jang Soo-Kil Kim 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2014
Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to HCOOH was performed on a Sn electrode using a proton exchange membrane-embedded electrolysis cell. The effects of reaction conditions such as catholyte and anolyte types, reduction potential, catholyte pH, and reaction temperature on the amount of HCOOH and its faradaic efficiency were investigated. Four different electrolytes (KOH, KHCO3, KCl, KHSO4) were chosen as the candidate catholyte and anolyte; the most suitable electrolyte was chosen by monitoring the amount of HCOOH and faradaic efficiency. The effect of the pH of the selected catholyte on the conversion of CO2 to HCOOH was also investigated. In addition, the reaction temperature was varied and its effect was studied. From the observations made, we determined the optimal reaction conditions for the production of HCOOH via the electrochemical reduction of CO2 by a systematic approach. 相似文献
178.
Eun-Ji Choi Eun-Hye Ka Cha-Young Jo Sung-Hoon Jo Emmanouil Apostolidis Mee-Sook Lee Hae-Dong Jang Young-In Kwon 《Food science and biotechnology》2014,23(3):791-797
Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of wheat seed ethyl acetate extracts for Jokyoung (JK), Dark northern spring (DNS), Keumkang (KK), Woori (WR), and Winter wheat (WW) were investigated. Antibacterial activities were evaluated in vitro against the common food and cosmetic industry contaminants Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Staphylococcus aureus using well diffusion assays. WW had the highest inhibitory activity against all tested strains, with S. aureus being the most sensitive strain. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of WW and WR against S. aureus were 0.50 and 1.25 mg/mL, respectively. The 2,6-dimethoxy-1,4- benzoquinone (DMBQ) content was measured using HPLC. The antibacterial activities of wheat seed extracts were correlated with the total phenolic contents (Pearson’s correlation coefficient=0.994), with the ABTS radical scavenging activity (0.978), and with the DMBQ content (0.968). WW and WR have potential for use as natural antimicrobials for prevention of food and cosmetics spoilage. 相似文献
179.
180.
We reported the influence of interface trap density(Nt) on the electrical properties of amorphous InSnZnO based thin-film transistors,which were fabricated at different direct-current(DC) magnetron sputtering powers.The device with the smallest Nt of 5.68×1011 cm-2 and low resistivity of 1.21×10-3Ω·cm exhibited a turn-on voltage(VON) of-3.60 V,a sub-threshold swing(S.S) of 0.16 V/dec and an on-off ratio(ION/IOFF) of8 x 108.With increasing Nt,the VON,S.S and ION/IOFF were suppressed to-9.40 V,0.24 V/dec and 2.59×108,respectively.The VTH shift under negative gate bias stress has also been estimated to investigate the electrical stability of the devices.The result showed that the reduction in Nt contributes to an improvement in the electrical properties and stability. 相似文献