低碳经济时代企业的社会责任

阐述了低碳经济与企业社会责任的含义,分析了企业社会责任与企业竞争力的关系,提出了在发展低碳经济过程中企业应当承担的社会责任。     

Research on the friction and wear mechanism of Poly(vinyl alcohol)/hydroxylapatite composite hydrogel

Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Hydroxylapatite (PVA/HA) composite hydrogel was prepared with poly(vinyl alcohol) and hydroxylapatite as raw materials, using the method of repeated freezing and thawing. The morphologies of PVA/HA composite hydrogel were observed by means of high-accuracy 3D profiler and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The compressive elastic modulus and the stress relaxation characteristics of PVA/HA composite hydrogel were measured using the flat-head cylinder indenter. The friction and wear tests between PVA/HA composite hydrogel and bovine knee articular cartilage were performed on the micro-tribometer. The worn morphologies of PVA/HA composite hydrogel were observed with environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM). The results showed that PVA/HA composite hydrogel has the cross-link network microstructure which is similar to that of the natural bovine knee articular cartilages. With the increase of freezing-thawing cycles and the HA content, the degree of cross-link and the crystallization of PVA/HA composite hydrogel both increase, the elastic modulus increases evidently, the rate of stress relaxation is improved and the value of balance stress decreases. The friction coefficient decreases with the increase of the freezing-thawing cycles and the HA content. The more the freezing-thawing cycles are, the earlier the friction coefficient reaches the stable balance value. The friction deformation depth between PVA/HA composite hydrogel and bovine knee articular cartilage is inversely proportional to freezing-thawing cycles and the HA content. The main wear mechanisms of PVA/HA composite hydrogel are plastic flowing and adhesive flaking. The wear severity degree decreases with the increase of freezing-thawing cycles and the HA content. Supported by Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50535050), Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (Grant No. NCET-06-0479) and Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK2005403)     

Renewal strategies for old industrial areas in the post-industrial age—Take “Zurich-West” in Switzerland as an example

This paper introduces and analyses the renewal planning of “Zurich-West”, an old industrial area. It points out that systematic and comprehensive target orientation, extensive collaboration in argumentation and decision-making, and the design ideas of coexistence and integration are the key to its success. Considering the status quo of China’s old industrial district remodeling, the paper offers some suggestions. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50878045)     

A macro-meso constitutive law for concrete having imperfect interface and nonlinear matrix

The overall behavior of concrete depends on its meso structures such as aggregate shape, interface status, and mortar matrix property. The two key meso structure characters of concrete, bond status of interface and nonlinear property of matrix, are considered in focus. The variational structure principle is adopted to establish the macro-meso constitutive law of concrete. Specially, a linear reference composite material is selected to make its effective behavior approach the nonlinear overall behavior of concrete. And the overall property of linear reference composite can be estimated by classical estimation method such as self-consistent estimates method and Mori-Tanaka method. This variational structure method involves an optimum problem ultimately. Finally, the macro-meso constitutive law of concrete is established by optimizing the shear modulus of matrix of the linear reference composite. By analyzing the constitutive relation of concrete established, we find that the brittleness of concrete stems from the imperfect interface and the shear dilation property of concrete comes from the micro holes contained in concrete. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50679022, 90510017, 50539090) and National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2007CB714104)     

硝酸废热锅炉的腐蚀与防腐

结合本厂硝酸装置的实际，分析废热锅炉的腐蚀机理，介绍硝酸废热锅炉的防腐措施。     

Tungsten Oxide Nanorods Array and Nanobundle Prepared by Using Chemical Vapor Deposition Technique

Tungsten oxide (WO₃) nanorods array prepared using chemical vapor deposition techniques was studied. The influence of oxygen gas concentration on the nanoscale tungsten oxide structure was observed; it was responsible for the stoichiometric and morphology variation from nanoscale particle to nanorods array. Experimental results also indicated that the deposition temperature was highly related to the morphology; the chemical structure, however, was stable. The evolution of the crystalline structure and surface morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectra and X-ray diffraction approaches. The stoichiometric variation was indicated by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.     

多羟甲基酚多丙烯酸酯的合成及其耐温性能研究

本文合成了新型耐温活性预聚体多羟甲基酚多丙烯酸酯,并考察了pH值,丙烯酸量,反应时间、反应温度、催化剂用量等因素对反应产率的影响。测试了固化物的TCA和DTA及力学性能,并用红外光谱确认主产物。     

Crystallization behavior,mechanical properties,and environmental biodegradability of poly(β‐hydroxybutyrate)/cellulose acetate butyrate blends

The miscibility, crystallization behavior, tensile properties, and environmental biodegradability of poly(β‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB)/cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) blends were studied with differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, and polarizing optical microscopy. The results indicated that PHB and CAB were miscible in the melt state. With an increase in the CAB content, the degree of crystallinity and melting temperature of the PHB phase decreased, and this broadened the narrow processability window of PHB. As the elongation at break increased from 2.2 to 7.3%, the toughness and ductility of PHB improved. From the degradation test, it could be concluded that degradation occurred gradually from the surface to the inside and that the degradation rate could be adjusted by the addition of the CAB content. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 2116–2122, 2003     

Effects of silicone oil and polymeric modifiers on the mechanical properties of highly filled LLDPE

The effects of coupling agents, silicone oil, and three types of polymeric modifiers on the mechanical properties of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) composites highly filled with aluminium hydroxide [Al(OH)₃] were studied. Polymeric modifiers that contain polar groups, such as silane‐grafted polyethylene (Si‐g‐PE) and acrylic‐acid‐grafted ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer (AA‐g‐EVA), improve the mechanical properties dramatically, while nonpolar modifiers improve them to some extent. When Al(OH)₃ was treated using a titanate coupling agent, the silicone oil increased the impact strength and elongation at break of the LLDPE/Al(OH)₃ composites. Introduction of a polymeric modifier containing polar groups destroys the beneficial effects of silicone oil on film mechanical properties, while the introduction of a nonpolar elastomeric polymeric modifier retains the high impact strength and elongation at break. SEM analyses provide the indirect evidence of the encapsulation of silicone oil around the filler. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 121–128, 2002     

仿瓷胶粘剂的研究

本文介绍一种仿瓷环氧胶粘剂,该胶耐酸耐碱,可室温固化,在室温下粘接不锈钢试样,其剪切强度可达30.7MPa;而在130℃时其剪切强度为1.7MPa。可用于修复搪瓷,粘接金属和陶瓷等。