Unveiling the Synergy of Interfacial Contact and Defects in α-Fe2O3 for Enhanced Photo-Electrochemical Water Splitting

Photo-electrochemical (PEC) water splitting is a promising method for converting solar energy into clean energy, but the mechanism of improving PEC efficiency through the interfacial contact and defect strategy remains highly controversial. Herein, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and oxygen vacancies are introduced into α-Fe₂O₃ nanorod (NR) arrays using a simple spin-coating method and acid treatment. The resultant oxygen vacancy–α-Fe₂O₃/rGO-integrated system exhibits a higher photocurrent, four times than the pristine α-Fe₂O₃. It is well evidenced that the electronic interface interaction between α-Fe₂O₃ and rGO is boosted with the oxygen vacancies, facilitating electron transfer from α-Fe₂O₃ to rGO. Moreover, the oxygen vacancies not only create interband states in α-Fe₂O₃ that can trap photogenerated holes and thus facilitate charge separation but significantly also strengthen the adsorption of oxidative intermediates and reduce the energy barrier of rate-determining step during oxygen evolution reaction (OER). This study demonstrates an rGO–oxygen vacancy synergistic interfacial contact and defect modification approach to design semiconducting photocatalysts for high-efficiency solar energy capture and conversion. The generated principle is expected to be extendable to another material system.     

基于RDMA的区块传输机制设计与实现

随着区块链技术的不断发展,区块的传输延迟成为区块链系统可扩展性的性能瓶颈。远程直接内存访问（RDMA）技术能够支持高带宽和低时延的数据传输,为低延迟区块传输提供了新的思路。因此,结合RDMA原语的特性,设计了用于区块信息共享的区块目录结构,并在此基础上设计并实现了区块传输的基本工作过程。实验结果表明,相较于基于TCP的方案,在1 MB大小的区块上基于RDMA的区块传输机制将节点间的区块传输延迟降低了44%,全网络的区块传输延迟降低了24.4%,在10 000节点规模的区块链上,区块链发生临时分叉的数量降低了22.6%。可见,基于RDMA的区块传输机制充分发挥了高速网络的性能优势,降低了区块传输延迟及临时分叉的数量,提高了现有区块链系统的可扩展性。     

结合全局上下文与融合注意力的干涉相位去噪

目的 干涉相位去噪是合成孔径雷达干涉测量（interferometric synthetic aperture radar,InSAR）技术中的关键环节,其效果对测量精度具有重要影响。针对现有的干涉相位去噪方法大多关注局部特征以及在特征提取方面的局限性,同时为了平衡去噪和结构保持两者之间的关系,提出了一种结合全局上下文与融合注意力的相位去噪网络GCFA-PDNet(global context and fused attention phase denoising network)。方法 将干涉相位分离为实部和虚部依次输入到网络,先从噪声相位中提取浅层特征,再将其映射到由全局上下文提取模块和融合注意力模块组成的特征增强模块,最后通过全局残差学习生成去噪图像。全局上下文提取模块能提取全局上下文信息,具有非局部方法的优势;融合注意力模块既强调关键特征,又能高效提取隐藏在复杂背景中的噪声信息。结果 所提出的方法与对比方法中性能最优者相比,在模拟数据结果的平均峰值信噪比（peak signal to noise ratio, PSNR）和结构相似性（structural similarity,...     

Extended state observer-based finite-region control for 2-D Markov jump systems

In this article, an extended state observer-based finite-region control scheme is presented for two-dimensional Markov jump systems with unknown mismatched disturbances. The mathematical model of the two-dimensional Markov jump systems is built on the well-known Roesser model. By establishing special recursive formulas and utilizing the 2-D Lyapunov function theory, sufficient conditions are obtained, which prove that the resultant system is finite-region bounded, if some linear matrix inequalities are achieved. Then, we provide an algorithm to solve the extended state observer-based controller gains. With the proposed control scheme, the external disturbances can be actively rejected from the system outputs. To conclude, a numerical example based on the Darboux equation is provided to demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of the devised control scheme.     

深度学习时代图像融合技术进展

为提升真实场景视觉信号的采集质量,往往需要通过多种融合方式获取相应的图像,例如,多聚焦、多曝光、多光谱和多模态等。针对视觉信号采集的以上特性,图像融合技术旨在利用同一场景不同视觉信号的优势,生成单图像信息描述,提升视觉低、中、高级任务的性能。目前,依托端对端学习强大的特征提取、表征及重构能力,深度学习已成为图像融合研究的主流技术。与传统图像融合技术相比,基于深度学习的图像融合模型性能显著提高。随着深度学习研究的深入,一些新颖的理论和方法也促进了图像融合技术的发展,如生成对抗网络、注意力机制、视觉Transformer和感知损失函数等。为厘清基于深度学习技术的图像融合研究进展,本文首先介绍了图像融合问题建模,并从传统方法视角逐渐向深度学习视角过渡。具体地,从数据集生成、神经网络构造、损失函数设计、模型优化和性能评估等方面总结了基于深度学习的图像融合研究现状。此外,还讨论了选择性图像融合这类衍生问题建模(如基于高分辨率纹理图融合的深度图增强),回顾了一些基于图像融合实现其他视觉任务的代表性工作。最后,根据现有技术的缺陷,提出目前图像融合技术存在的挑战,并对未来发展趋势给出了展望。     

基于多特征融合的无监督真值发现方法

真值发现是数据集成领域具有挑战性的研究热点之一。传统的方法利用数据源与观测值之间的交互关系推断真值,缺乏足够的特征信息;基于深度学习的方法可以有效地进行特征抽取,但其性能依赖于大量手工标注,而在实际应用中很难获取到大量高质量的真值标签。为克服以上问题,本文提出一种基于多特征融合的无监督真值发现方法（Unsupervised truth discovery method based on multi-feature fusion, MFOTD）。首先,利用集成学习无监督标注“真值”标签;然后,分别使用预训练模型 Bert和独热编码获取观测值的语义特征和交互特征;最后,融合观测值多种特征并使用其“真值”标签构建初始训练集,通过自训练方式训练真值预测模型。在两个真实数据集上的实验结果表明,与已有方法相比,本文所提出的方法具有更高的真值发现准确性。     

Web服务应用接口系统的开发研究

随着Web 服务技术的不断成熟,其在异构系统集成应用中的优势逐渐显现,基于Web服务的应用集成技术成为企业信息系统研究的热点。使用方便、实用的Web服务应用接口,也成了互联网通信技术的发展趋势。文中对这一关键技术进行了研究,取得了初步理论与软件成果。另外,文中深入研究了Web服务的基本原理与实现技术、基于Web服务的应用系统集成技术、Web服务应用接口系统的开发原理与技术,提出了一套 Web 服务开发方法、Web 服务应用接口系统的模型框架。在理论研究的基础上,基于Microsoft.NET2003环境,文中还实现了基于模式引导的应用接口包装器的生成与维护软件,其可为不同的应用系统提供Web服务的应用接口,方便客户端调用,还可以简化Web服务应用的编程过程,提高了应用系统开发效率。     

Analysis of issues in gate recess etching in the InAlAs/InGaAs HEMT manufacturing process

We have developed an InAlAs/InGaAs metamorphic high electron mobility transistor device fabrication process where the gate length can be tuned within the range of 0.13 μm–0.16 μm to suit the intended application. The core processes are a two-step electron-beam lithography process using a three-layer resist and gate recess etching process using citric acid. An electron-beam lithography process was developed to fabricate a T-shaped gate electrode with a fine gate foot and a relatively large gate head. This was realized through the use of three-layered resist and two-step electron beam exposure and development. Citric acid-based gate recess etching is a wet etching, so it is very important to secure etching uniformity and process reproducibility. The device layout was designed by considering the electrochemical reaction involved in recess etching, and a reproducible gate recess etching process was developed by finding optimized etching conditions. Using the developed gate electrode process technology, we were able to successfully manufacture various monolithic microwave integrated circuits, including low noise amplifiers that can be used in the 28 GHz to 94 GHz frequency range.     

四旋翼无人机姿态系统复合连续快速非奇异终端滑模控制EI北大核心CSCD

本文针对受多源干扰影响的四旋翼无人机姿态系统,基于复合连续快速非奇异终端滑模算法,研究了姿态指令变化率未知情况下的连续有限时间姿态跟踪控制问题.首先,基于四旋翼无人机姿态回路动力学模型,通过引入虚拟控制量实现姿态跟踪误差动态的三通道解耦;其次,分别针对各通道跟踪误差动态设计高阶滑模观测器,实现跟踪误差变化率和集总干扰的有限时间估计;最后,结合姿态跟踪误差变化率的估计信息,构建动态快速非奇异终端滑模面,并在控制设计中用指数幂函数代替符号函数以保证控制量连续.并且基于Lyapunov分析方法给出了姿态跟踪误差有限时间收敛的严格证明,仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性.     

线性切换系统的采样数据输出调节问题

本文基于采样控制,解决了线性切换系统的输出调节问题.首先考虑了外部输入信号是常数的情况,给出了采样周期与平均驻留时间的关系.通过构造一类Lyapunov-Krasovskii泛函,使得闭环系统内部稳定且调节输出趋于零.其次考虑了外部输入信号是导数有界且时变的情况,给出了采样数据状态反馈控制器,并依据采样周期和平均驻留时间关系给出的切换条件得到了切换系统实用输出调节问题可解的充分条件.最后通过两个数值例子验证了方法的有效性.