Application of microcapsule technology in wool dyeing北大核心

The paper introduces a kind of wool dyeing process, namely the microcapsule dyeing process. It simply introduces some basic concepts of wool and microcapsule, and introduces the use of microcapsule dyes on wool in detail, which includes the selection of wall materials and the preparation methods of wool microcapsule dyes, the encapsulation efficiency and stability of microcapsule dyes, the interactions and combinative efficiency of wool with microcapsules, and the dyeing performance of microcapsule dyes. It summarizes the research application situations of microcapsule dyes on wool dyeing in recent years, and discusses the feasibility of microcapsules dyeing technology used in wool dyeing. It expounds the importance and application prospects of microcapsule technology in wool dyeing and finishing.     

采后茶青叶对振动力胁迫的生理响应

摇青是乌龙茶品质形成的关键工序之一,其通过机械胁迫引起各种生物学效应,影响植物体内一系列生理生化变化,被广泛应用于花香红茶、花香白茶、花香绿茶等茶类的加工中以改善品质。为探明青叶响应机械力胁迫的生理变化,以采摘的‘铁观音’品种中开面三、四叶嫩梢为材料,经适度萎凋后进行自然摊放和振动力胁迫处理,研究青叶水分含量、光系统Ⅱ(photosystem Ⅱ,PS Ⅱ)参数、抗氧化酶活力及亚细胞结构的变化规律。结果表明：振动力胁迫30 min内青叶水分含量与自然摊放叶、萎凋叶间无显著差异（P>0.05）,60 min时显著低于自然摊放叶和萎凋叶（P<0.05）。随着振动力胁迫时间延长,青叶青臭气增强,清香减弱;叶绿体和类囊体紧密而清晰的片层结构逐渐松散、变形、收缩、紊乱、瓦解,振动力胁迫处理5 min时淀粉粒数量明显增加,15 min时嗜锇颗粒数量明显增多,出现聚集。振动力胁迫青叶的PS Ⅱ实际光合效率Y(Ⅱ)和光化学猝灭系数qP随处理时间延长总体呈下降趋势,电子传递速率（electron transfer rate,ETR）随处理时间延长呈先降低后升高趋势,5 min和10 min时...     

串珠纤维对静电纺纤维复合滤纸结构和性能的影响

本研究制备了静电纺串珠纤维复合滤纸和静电纺纳米纤维复合滤纸,对其微观形貌和孔径等结构特性以及过滤阻力、过滤效率和容尘量等过滤性能进行了分析。结果表明,静电纺串珠纤维复合滤纸和静电纺纳米纤维复合滤纸的纺丝层纤维平均直径接近,分别为225、250 nm。通过控制纺丝时间使二者的初始过滤阻力相近时,静电纺串珠纤维复合滤纸过滤效率为73.1%,静电纺纳米纤维复合滤纸过滤效率为38.2%。相同测试条件下,静电纺串珠纤维复合滤纸阻力上升速度比静电纺纳米纤维复合滤纸慢,达到相同终止阻力时,静电纺串珠纤维复合滤纸的作用时间更长、容尘量更大,二者的容尘量分别为119.29、96.23 g/m~2;并采用仿真模拟软件GeoDict建立模型,探究了两者阻力变化情况和容尘量的差异。     

纯棉纱线合股数对织物性能的影响

为研究纯棉纱线合股数对织物力学性能和保形性的影响,采用线密度相同的单纱、双股线、3股线、4股线4种股线类型,以适当的经、纬密分别织制成平纹、斜纹、缎纹组织的织物.对织物的拉伸性能、撕裂强力、拉伸弹性、折皱回复性、悬垂性、弯曲性进行测试与分析.结果表明:3股线织物的断裂强力和撕裂强力较大,4股线织物的断裂伸长率较大,双股...     

Deacidification of Coconut Oil by Membrane Filtration

Ultrafiltration (UF) of coconut oil was carried out using a Millipore membrane cell at different pressures (0.1–0.4 MPa) and with different molecular weight cutoff membranes, that is,YM-1 (1 kDa), YM-3 (3 kDa), YM-10 (10 kDa), YM-30 (30 kDa), and PLTK-30 (30 kDa). Reduction of free fatty acids (FFAs) was 93.6%, 92.7%, 83.5%, 82.6%, and 81.6% with ethanol, methanol, acetone, n-propanol, and isopropyl alcohol, respectively, in three-stage filtration. The effects of temperature and applied pressure on the permeate flux and oil rejection were also studied with membranes using multistage filtration. As pressure increased from 0.1 to 0.4 MPa, the permeate flux and oil rejection increased linearly. A significant reduction of FFA was observed, which is in proportional with the amount of solvent in the feed used. The oil loss was less at lower temperature (25 °C) and pressure (0.2 MPa). Using PLTK 30 membrane with three-stage filtration, reduction of FFA was achieved up to 93% and 94% with methanol and ethanol solvents, respectively.     

南极磷虾脱脂蛋白肽抗疲劳和耐缺氧实验研究

目的：通过灌服南极磷虾脱脂蛋白肽研究其对小鼠抗疲劳、耐缺氧能力的影响。方法：对照组小鼠灌胃蒸馏水,低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组分别以南极磷虾脱脂蛋白肽灌胃,灌胃剂量分别为0.2、1.0、5.0g/(kg ·d),连续28d。分别测定小鼠负重游泳时间和血乳酸(LA)、血尿素氮(BUN)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肝糖原含量;常压耐缺氧时间及耗氧量、亚硝酸钠中毒存活时间。结果：高剂量组小鼠负重游泳时间及血清中LDH含量、LA清除率及肝糖原含量明显高于空白组,BUN含量明显低于空白组。高剂量组常压耐缺氧存活时间及亚硝酸钠中毒存活时间明显高于空白组。结论：南极磷虾脱脂蛋白肽能明显提高小鼠抗疲劳、耐缺氧的能力,具有非常明显的保健作用。     

感官分析在番鸭产品研发中的应用

为了解消费者对鸭加工食品风味的偏好,指导番鸭产品加工工艺的改进,采用感官属性强度分析的方法对市售鸭肉制品的感官特性进行定性和定量评定,剖析测定该类产品的主要风味特征及其强度;采用感官嗜好性评价方法,对市售产品和自制样品进行分析对比。结果表明:色泽明亮红润,咸味酱香适中,鲜味明显且滞留感弱,油腻感少的产品更受欢迎。     

HXHT1小型粮食干燥机的简介与试验

简述了所研发的HXHT1型小型粮食干燥机的结构特点和工艺流程,设备采用逆顺流加热及缓苏的干燥工艺,并配备小型生物质燃料热源,具有热效率高、节能显著、烘干品质好、成本低、可操作性强、通用性及适用性好的优点。产品具有广阔的市场前景。     

An impression on current developments in the technology, chemistry, and biological activities of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe)

Ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is widely cultivated as a spice for its aromatic and pungent components. The essential oil and oleoresins from ginger are valuable products responsible for the characteristic flavor and pungency. Both are used in several food products such as soft beverages and also in many types of pharmaceutical formulations. More than 100 compounds have been reported from ginger, some of which are isolated and characterized, others are tentatively identified by GC-MS and / or LC-MS. [6]-Gingerol, the major gingerol in ginger rhizomes, has been found to possess many interesting pharmacological and physiological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and cardiotonic effects. Ginger is considered as "generally recognized as safe" (GRAS) by Food and Drug Administration (FDA), USA. Due to all these properties, ginger has gained considerable attention in developed countries in recent years, especially for its use in the treatment of inflammatory conditions. The present review is a persuasive presentation of the current information on processing, chemistry, biological activities, and medicinal uses of ginger. Further studies are required for the validation of the beneficial uses. Formulation for novel products and new usages may emerge in the years to come, based on the revealed results of various studies.