Diffraction field of tightly focused laser beams and its influence to laser accelerator

In this paper, we have studied the dynamic characteristics of relativistic electron injected into stationary intense vacuum laser fields. We found the dynamic trajectories can basically be classified as three categories, namely Inelastic Scattering (IS), Capture and Acceleration Scenario (CAS) and Penetrate into Axial Region and Move (PARM) trajectory. The physical mechanism as to the three kinds of electrons have been examined. In particular, the PARM trajectory which we presented in this paper is different from the CAS and IS trajectory which we had already found in our previous work. We will show the PARM stems from the strong diffraction effect of a tightly focused laser field. In addition, the initial condition for the three kinds of electrons to emerge were detailed investigated. It has been found that there are four factors which chiefly decide the appearance of the three kinds of dynamics trajectories, namely the laser beam width w₀ and intensity a₀, the electrons incident angle θ and initial transversal momentum p_ti. The implication of the PARM electrons to the planned vacuum laser accelerators is illustrated.     

Formation of amorphous and nanocrystalline phases in high velocity oxy-fuel thermally sprayed a Fe–Cr–Si–B–Mn alloy

High velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spray was used to deposit a Fe–Cr–Si–B alloy coating onto stainless steel (1Cr18Ni9Ti) substrate. Microstructures of the powder and the coating were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning election microscopy (SEM), transmission election microscopy (TEM) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The coating had layered morphologies due to the deposition and solidification of successive molten or half-molten splats. The microstructures of the coating consisted of a Fe–Cr-rich matrix and several kinds of borides. The Fe–Cr-rich matrix contained both amorphous phase and nanocrystalline grains with a size of 10–50 nm. The crystallization temperature of the amorphous phase was about 605 °C. The formation of the amorphous phase was attributed to the high cooling rates of molten droplets and the proper powder compositions by effective addition of Cr, Mn, Si and B. The nanocrystalline grains could result from crystallization in amorphous region or interface of the amorphous phase and borides by homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation.     

Effects of Y concentration on luminescence properties of PbWO4 single crystals

The effects of Y³⁺ doping at different concentration on the luminescnece properties of PbWO₄ crystals have been investigated by means of Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, optical transmission, thermoluminescence (TL), X-ray excited luminescence (XEL), photoluminescence (PL) under excitation of UV light and light yield measurements. The series PbWO₄:Y crystal samples were grown by modified Bridgman method and the concentration of Y³⁺ in the melt was in the range of 0–1.0 mol%. The slight blue-shift and evident red-shift of the absorption edge in PbWO₄ crystal were observed at low and heavy doping concentration, respectively. TL peaks in the range of from room temperature to 250 °C disappeared after the doping with Y³⁺. With the increase of doping concentration, the luminescence intensity in the XEL and PL spectra was found to decrease accordingly, especially in the case of heavy doping. The measuring results demonstrate that Y³⁺ doping concentration below 100 ppm in the crystal seems to be the best for optimizing the optical and scintillation properties of the material. The mechanism of Y³⁺ doping concentration influence on luminescence was also discussed in this paper.     

Analysis of superalloy turbine blade tip cracking during service

High Pressure Turbine (HPT) first stage blade is the most important rotational components of aero-engine. It operates at high temperature and under conditions of extreme environmental attack such as oxidation and corrosion, is especially subjected to degradation by oxidation, corrosion and wear. During the service of aero-engine, the HPT first stage blades made of c 6 y nickel-based superalloy suffer from increasing blade tip cracks after hundreds of hours service. This significantly affects the whole engine function and, of course, safety of the aircraft. In this paper, the premature tip cracking of the HPT first stage blade is investigated. The research result shows that turbine blade tip is initially damaged by rubbing and corrosion over a period time, premature cracking of blade tip is caused by a combination mechanism of environment and thermal stress. During turbine blade maintenance and refurbishment, coating of both oxidation-resistance and abrasion-resistance should be applied in blade squealer tip to counteract the problem.     

纳米In2O3／TiO2介孔复合体的制备及其光致发光性能研究

本论文利用尿素水解均匀沉淀法制备锐钛矿型纳米TiO2介孔粉体，然后在硫酸铟溶液中浸泡一周，并在650℃下退火处理5h，制得纳米In2O3／TiO2介孔复合体。采用X射线衍射（XRD）和光致发光（PL）谱表征In2O3／TiO2介孔复合体的组成结构和发光性能，并对相同温度退火处理下的介孔TiO2粉体进行比较，结果表明：经过650℃退火后，在激发波长380nm，发射波长570nm附近，纳米In2O3／TiO2介孔复合体产生荧光增强效应。     

分子筛吸附器进水故障及其处理过程

KDONAr-10000／22000／370型空分设备因空冷塔液位计失效而发生分子筛吸附器进水故障。介绍了故障发生的经过和处理过程；最后得出了发现及处理分子筛吸附器进水故障的经验和教训。     

十三年拼搏树正元品牌 与时俱进出精品创一流

河北正元包装集团有限公司地处河北迁安市。十几年的风雨沧桑，正元人靠自已的双手和智慧，凭着脚踏实地和艰苦奋斗的创业精神，以领先一步的科学技术，实现了企业快速发展。不仅成为华北地区印刷包装行业的“擎天柱”，而且也发展成为国际一流，颇有盛誉，以印刷包装行业为主的综合性集团，是华北包装产业的佼佼者。     

Enhanced photoelectrochemical current response of titania nanotube array

Self-organized and highly-ordered TiO₂ nanotube array with disjunctive wall-hole structure has been synthesized from titanium foil by potentiostatic–galvanostatic anodization process. The morphology and microstructure of the TiO₂ layer depend greatly on the electrolyzing parameters and electrolyte components. TiO₂ formation mechanism by anodization oxidation is discussed. The crystallized TiO₂/Ti nanotube electrode exhibited a significant enhancement of photoelectrochemical current response in comparison with micrometer-sized TiO₂/Ti multiporous electrode. Such kind of TiO₂ nanotube will have many potential applications in various areas as an outstanding photoelectrochemical material.     

Low-temperature sol-gel intermediate layer wafer bonding

Silicon-to-silicon wafer bonding has been successfully performed using sol-gel intermediate layer, which is deposited by spinning acid-catalyzed tetraethylthosilicate solution on the surfaces of two silicon wafers to be bonded. The bond strength is up to 35 MPa at a bonding temperature of 100 °C, which is near to the fractured strength of bulk silicon. To investigate the effects of the press parameters, Draper-Lin small composite design is used, as it requires the minimum number of runs in the design of experiments. Statistic analysis shows that the bonding temperature is the dominant factor for the bond quality, while the interaction between bonding temperature and concentration is significant on bond strength. The physical mechanisms of the observed significant effects are discussed. The improvement of the wafer bonding using annealed sol-gel intermediate layer is also proposed.