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排序方式: 共有328条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
321.
Hermann P Hecker M Chumakov D Weisheit M Rinderknecht J Shelaev A Dorozhkin P Eng LM 《Ultramicroscopy》2011,111(11):1630-1635
The spatial resolution and high sensitivity of tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy allows the characterization of surface features on a nano-scale. This technique is used to visualize silicon-based structures, which are similar in width to the transistor channels in present leading-edge CMOS devices. The reduction of the intensive far-field background signal is crucial for detecting the weak near-field contributions and requires beside a careful alignment of laser polarization and tip axis also the consideration of the crystalline sample orientation. Despite the chemical identity of the investigated sample surface, the structures can be visualized by the shift of the Raman peak positions due to the patterning induced change of the stress distribution within lines and substrate layer. From the measured peak positions the intrinsic stress within the lines is calculated and compared with results obtained by finite element modeling. The results demonstrate the capability of the tip-enhanced Raman technique for strain analysis on a sub-50 nm scale. 相似文献
322.
323.
Ya. A. Chivel’ O. O. Kuznechik D. V. Min’ko I. S. Nikonchuk A. V. Chumakov K. E. Belyavin 《Journal of Engineering Physics and Thermophysics》2011,84(5):1108-1113
The structural scheme and operational characteristics of a pulse-plasma device generating a pulsed plasma in air at atmospheric
pressure are presented. The functional scheme and the operation algorithm for a high-voltage power supply are given. It is
shown that the pulsed-plasma device can generate air plasma flows with a frequency of 1–10 Hz and maximum parameters of pressure,
temperature, and velocity of 6.5 MPa, 12,000 K, 4 km ⁄ s, and 110 dBA, respectively. Comparative analysis is presented of these quantities with characteristics of the plasma flow generated by
the detonation pulsed-plasma device, which uses an air-propane mixture as the plasma-forming substance. It is shown that replacing
the air-propane gas mixture with air provides a 70 dBA decrease in the noise level of the pulsed-plasma treatment. Recommendations are given as to using the pulsed-plasma device
for surface strengthening of the instrument and parts of the machine. 相似文献
324.
Lev A. Dykman Sergey A. Staroverov Sergey V. Kozlov Alexander S. Fomin Daniil S. Chumakov Konstantin P. Gabalov Yevgeny S. Kozlov Dmitry A. Soldatov Nikolai G. Khlebtsov 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(22)
Gold nanoparticles as part of vaccines greatly increase antigen stability, antigen accumulation in the lymph nodes, and antigen uptake by antigen-presenting cells. The use of such particles as part of anticancer vaccines based on heat shock proteins to increase vaccine effectiveness is timely. We prepared and characterized nanoconjugates based on 15-nm gold nanoparticles and thermostable tumor antigens isolated from MH22a murine hepatoma cells. The whole-cell lysate of MH22a cells contained the main heat shock proteins. BALB/c mice were injected with the conjugates and then received transplants of MH22a cells. The highest titer was produced in mice immunized with the complex of gold nanoparticles + antigen with complete Freund’s adjuvant. The immunized mice showed no signs of tumor growth for 24 days. They also showed a decreased production of the INF-γ, IL-6, and IL-1 proinflammatory cytokines compared to the mice immunized through other schemes. This study is the first to show that it is possible in principle to use gold nanoparticles in combination with thermostable tumor antigens for antitumor vaccination. Antitumor vaccines based on thermostable tumor antigens can be largely improved by including gold nanoparticles as additional adjuvants. 相似文献
325.
Vadim A. Byvaltsev Andrei A. Kalinin Phillip A. Hernandez Valerii V. Shepelev Yurii Y. Pestryakov Marat A. Aliyev Morgan B. Giers 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(21)
Spinal stenosis (SS) is a multifactorial polyetiological condition characterized by the narrowing of the spinal canal. This condition is a common source of pain among people over 50 years old. We perform a systematic review of molecular and genetic mechanisms that cause SS. The five main mechanisms of SS were found to be ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL), hypertrophy and ossification of the ligamentum flavum (HLF/OLF), facet joint (FJ) osteoarthritis, herniation of the intervertebral disc (IVD), and achondroplasia. FJ osteoarthritis, OPLL, and HLF/OLFLF/OLF have all been associated with an over-abundance of transforming growth factor beta and genes related to this phenomenon. OPLL has also been associated with increased bone morphogenetic protein 2. FJ osteoarthritis is additionally associated with Wnt/β-catenin signaling and genes. IVD herniation is associated with collagen type I alpha 1 and 2 gene mutations and subsequent protein dysregulation. Finally, achondroplasia is associated with fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 gene mutations and fibroblast growth factor signaling. Although most publications lack data on a direct relationship between the mutation and SS formation, it is clear that genetics has a direct impact on the formation of any pathology, including SS. Further studies are necessary to understand the genetic and molecular changes associated with SS. 相似文献
326.
327.
Kurbanov Mirtemir Tulaganov Sardor Nuraliev Ulugbek Andriyko Lyudmila Goncharuk Olena Guzenko Natalia Nychyporuk Yurii Marynin Andrii 《SILICON》2023,15(3):1221-1233
Silicon - This paper presents the comparative analysis of the properties of highly dispersed silicas synthesized by pyrogenic and fluoride methods. Raw materials and synthesis conditions differ... 相似文献
328.
Kostyantyn Grytsenko Yurii Kolomzarov Peter Lytvyn Olga Kondratenko Mykola Sopinskyy Iryna Lebedyeva Agata Niemczyk Jolanta Baranovska Dariusz Moszyński Claus Villringer Sigurd Schrader 《大分子材料与工程》2023,308(6):2200617
Thin polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films are produced by deposition from a gas phase by two methods: electron-enhanced vacuum deposition (EVD) and EVD + low-temperature plasma (LTP). Structure, morphology, and composition of the films are studied by IR spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. They are close to the structure of bulk PTFE. The roughness of the films’ surface is changed with gas pressure and LTP power variations. Films are transparent from UV to near-infrared regions. Refractive and extinction indices and their anisotropy are measured by spectral ellipsometry. They are tuned by variations of deposition conditions. Hardness and Young modulus of the films are increased if EVD + low power LTP is used for film deposition. Use of EVD + LTP also increases thermal stability of the films. Contact angle of the films corresponds to the bulk PTFE. The PTFE molecules oriented are preferentially in perpendicular direction to the substrate surface. 相似文献