Phase Equilibria in the Nd ― Re ― B System

XRD has been applied to component interaction in the Nd ― Re ― B system. Isothermal sections have been constructed for the phase diagram at 600°C (a region >33 at.% boron) and 800°C (>33 at.% boron). It is confirmed that it contains the previously known borides Nd₂Re₃B₆ (Pr₂Re₃B₆ structure type) and Nd₈Re_{13 − x} B₁₂ (Pr₈Re_{13 − x} B₁₂ structure type). Two new ternary compounds are reported: ∼NdRe₄B₄ considered to have a tetragonal incommensurate structure and ∼Nd₅Re₂B₆, whose structure is unknown.

     

IC’s radiation effects modeling and estimation

The approach for IC's radiation hardness estimation and fault prediction is presented in this paper. It is based on the implementation of low-energy laboratory simulation sources (laser, X-ray, etc.). The possibility of radiation simulator application is based on similarity of physical processes in semiconductor structures causing IC upsets and failures under the radiation environment and under simulation sources. The analysis of adequacy is performed for total dose effects, single event effects, displacement effects and transient radiation effects. The application of imitators permits to change the expensive and low-productive radiation test installations with much more effective simulation sources, based on the dominant effects equivalence. The designed simulation test methods are proved to be an effective tool to different IC radiation hardness estimation and fault prediction in radiation environment.     

Experimental investigation of pulsation motion in a free-convection boundary layer

Singularities of measurement of pulsation characteristics in nonisothermal flows with a high degree of turbulence are discussed. A modification of the hot-wire anemometer method of velocity measurement for similar flows is suggested. The results are given of measurements of different characteristics of pulsation motion in the free-convection boundary layer forming along a heated vertical surface.     

Pressure-reducing valve DKP-6000U

Chemical and Petroleum Engineering -     

Development of transparent, conducting composites by surface infiltration of nanotubes into commercial polymer films

Here we present a novel technique for the preparation of thin, transparent and conducting, nanotube containing layers at the surface of commercially available polyethylene films. This is achieved by the swelling of the polyethylene in nanotube/tetrahydrofuran dispersions, followed by nanotube infiltration. These layers, typically 250 nm thick, display conductivities of up to 66 S/m, depending on the nanotube content. This results in sheet resistances of as low as 50 kΩ/□ at optical transparencies of 80%.     

Optical vortices in twisted elliptical optical fibers with torsional stress

In the present paper we have derived the analytical expressions for the modes of twisted elliptical fibers with torsional mechanical stress at various relationships of the fiber parameters. It was shown that circularly polarized optical vortices with the topological charges ±1 can propagate in elliptical fibers as generic modes if ellipticity and the twist-induced circular birefringence suppress the spin-orbit interaction. A comparison of the obtained results with the corresponding results for spun elliptical fibers is made.     

Basics of a new energy-saving technology for manufacturing clay tile

A process for fabricating clay tile by hydrostatic treatment and a device for its production are described. The suggested technology is distinguished from existing ones by an elevated and uniform density of the tile, which improves the quality of the product and makes it possible to decrease its thickness while retaining the requisite service parameters, and it makes the use of all drying equipment unnecessary and reduces the firing temperature. Implementation of the new technology makes it possible to widen the range of products and use lean low-plasticity clays.     

Turbulent natural-convection heat transfer on a vertical surface under stepwise heating with inversion of heat flux

Results are given of experimental investigations of air flow in the vicinity of a vertical plate under stepwise heating which leads to inversion of heat flux on the surface. It is suggested to generalize to this case the algebraic model of turbulent thermal diffusivity developed by us previously. The results of calculations of such flow are compared with experimental data, and special features of the structure of thermal layer are identified.     

Hot Hydrocarbon-Solvent Slot-Die Coating Enables High-Efficiency Organic Solar Cells with Temperature-Dependent Aggregation Behavior

Organic solar cells (OSCs) have made rapid progress in terms of their development as a sustainable energy source. However, record-breaking devices have not shown compatibility with large-scale production via solution processing in particular due to the use of halogenated environment-threatening solvents. Here, slot-die fabrication with processing involving hydrocarbon-based solvents is used to realize highly efficient and environmentally friendly OSCs. Highly compatible slot-die coating with roll-to-roll processing using halogenated (chlorobenzene (CB)) and hydrocarbon solvents (1,2,4-trimethylbenzene (TMB) and ortho-xylene (o-XY)) is used to fabricate photoactive films. Controlled solution and substrate temperatures enable similar aggregation states in the solution and similar kinetics processes during film formation. The optimized blend film nanostructures for different solvents in the highly efficient PM6:Y6 blend is adopted to show a similar morphology, which results in device efficiencies of 15.2%, 15.4%, and 15.6% for CB, TMB, and o-XY solvents. This approach is successfully extended to other donor–acceptor combinations to demonstrate the excellent universality of this method. The results combine a method to optimize the aggregation state and film formation kinetics with the fabrication of OSCs with environmentally friendly solvents by slot-die coating, which is a critical finding for the future development of OSCs in terms of their scalable production and high-performance.