On-Fly-TOD: an efficient mechanism for crosstalk fault reduction in WNoC

The Journal of Supercomputing - Hierarchical architecture of Wireless Network on Chips (WNoCs) composes of wired level and wireless level. In this architecture, subnetworks in wired level are...     

Adversarial android malware detection for mobile multimedia applications in IoT environments

Multimedia Tools and Applications - In this paper, we propose two defense methods against adversarial attack to a malware detection system for mobile multimedia applications in IoT environments....     

Image matching based on the adaptive redundant keypoint elimination method in the SIFT algorithm

Pattern Analysis and Applications - Scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) is one of the most effective techniques in image matching applications. However, it has a main drawback: existing...     

Differential pulse voltammetric determination of N-acetylcysteine by the electrocatalytic oxidation at the surface of carbon nanotube-paste electrode modified with cobalt salophen complexes

The preparation and electrochemical performance of the carbon nanotube-paste electrode modified with salophen complexes of cobalt(III) perchlorate, with various substituents on the salophen ligand, as well as their electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is investigated. Several Schiff base complexes containing various nucleophilic and electrophilic functional groups were prepared, and their electrochemical characteristics for the electro-oxidation of NAC were evaluated using cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry (CV and DPV). The results revealed, the modified electrodes show an efficient and selective electrocatalytic activity toward the anodic oxidation of NAC among biologically important compounds in buffered solutions at pH of 7.0. The best voltammetric responses were obtained for a carbon-paste electrode (CPE) modified with a salophen complex containing para-methoxy groups on its salicylaldehyde ring. The analytical response of the modified electrode for response to other sulfhydryl compounds (e.g., cysteine, penicillamine, captopril and mercaptopropionyl glycine) in comparison to NAC was investigated by CV and DPV methods. The DPV method was applied as a sensitive method for the quantitative detection of the trace amounts of NAC. A linear dynamic range from 1 × 10⁻⁷ to 1 × 10⁻⁴ M with calibration sensitivity of 0.0646 μA/μM is resulted for NAC in DPV measurements. The detection limit was 5 × 10⁻⁸ M, which is remarkably lower than those reported previously for NAC using other modified electrodes. The results of voltammetric determinations show a very good reproducibility, and the R.S.D. for the slope of the calibration curve, based on 10 measurements in a period of two months, was <3.9%. The detection system provides very stable electrochemical responses toward NAC, makes it very suitable for using in pharmaceutical and clinical measurements.     

The influence of Cu and Mg additions on the decomposition of Al-(40 to 50) wt% Zn alloys during isothermal and continuous heating

The influence of 1 wt% copper and 0.2wt% magnesium additions on the heat evolution and structural changes of Al-40 and Al-50wt% Zn alloys during isothermal ageing at 30° C and continuous heating up to 400° C was studied using microcalorimetry, differential scanning calorimetry and transmission electron microscopy. Isothermal studies indicate rapid formation of Guinier-Preston (GP) zones at initial stages of ageing followed by discontinuous precipitation of-phase competing with the formation of transition phases also containing third elements. DSC curves show that the amount of metastable phases formed during room temperature ageing increases with ternary additions, especially to Al-50% Zn alloys. Up to 75° C, GP zones undergo composition but no size changes: during further continuous heating,' (Mg₂Zn) appears, the dissolution of which proceeds parallel to the continuous precipitation of at medium temperatures. Addition of copper reduces the discontinuous-precipitation to a lesser extent than magnesium.     

Influence of co-solvent content on electro-deposition behavior of acrylic lattices of different glass transition temperatures

The influence of co-solvent content on the constant-voltage electro-deposition behavior of three acrylic lattices was investigated. It was found that co-solvent effect is system-specific and the type and the extent of the influence depend on the specific features of the latex itself, specially its glass transition temperature, T_g. For a low-T_g high molecular weight latex, the addition of co-solvent makes the electro-coagulates more sticky but it does not show a quick influence on the deposition behavior. In contrast for higher T_g lattices the influence is more pronounced. For medium and high-T_g lattices, the co-solvent was found to have a significant influence on the electro-deposition behavior and the film morphology.     

Variable neighborhood search for the cost constrained minimum label spanning tree and label constrained minimum spanning tree problems

Given an undirected graph whose edges are labeled or colored, edge weights indicating the cost of an edge, and a positive budget B, the goal of the cost constrained minimum label spanning tree (CCMLST) problem is to find a spanning tree that uses the minimum number of labels while ensuring its cost does not exceed B. The label constrained minimum spanning tree (LCMST) problem is closely related to the CCMLST problem. Here, we are given a threshold K on the number of labels. The goal is to find a minimum weight spanning tree that uses at most K distinct labels. Both of these problems are motivated from the design of telecommunication networks and are known to be NP-complete [15].In this paper, we present a variable neighborhood search (VNS) algorithm for the CCMLST problem. The VNS algorithm uses neighborhoods defined on the labels. We also adapt the VNS algorithm to the LCMST problem. We then test the VNS algorithm on existing data sets as well as a large-scale dataset based on TSPLIB [12] instances ranging in size from 500 to 1000 nodes. For the LCMST problem, we compare the VNS procedure to a genetic algorithm (GA) and two local search procedures suggested in [15]. For the CCMLST problem, the procedures suggested in [15] can be applied by means of a binary search procedure. Consequently, we compared our VNS algorithm to the GA and two local search procedures suggested in [15]. The overall results demonstrate that the proposed VNS algorithm is of high quality and computes solutions rapidly. On our test datasets, it obtains the optimal solution in all instances for which the optimal solution is known. Further, it significantly outperforms the GA and two local search procedures described in [15].     

Effect of scandium on the decomposition of aluminium-zinc alloys

The effect of scandium on the hardness, structure and heat evolution of an aluminium-40% zinc alloy was investigated. It was found that contrary to its action in other aluminium-based alloys, scandium does not raise the maximum hardness during an ageing treatment. This may be explained by insufficient scandium redissolution at the rather low temperature necessary for achieving a solid solution of zinc in aluminium. Differential scanning calorimetry studies show a similar heat evolution in both alloys upon linear heating, starting with the reversion of modulated structures. An exothermal effect appears only in the scandium-bearing alloy due to increased heterogeneous precipitation of _r, and on Al₃Sc particles. Above 200 °C, the dissolution of the _r and phases starts, followed by the monotectoid reaction.     

An Evaluation of Climate Change Impacts on Extreme Sea Level Variability: Coastal Area of New York City

Climate change has resulted in sea level rise and increasing frequency of extreme storm events around the world. This has intensified flood damage especially in coastal regions. In this study, a methodology is developed to analyze the impacts of climate change on sea level changes in the coastal regions utilizing an artificial neural network model. For simulation of annual extreme sea level, climate signals of Sea Surface Temperature, Sea Level Pressure and SLP gradient of the study region and some characteristic points are used as predictors. To select the best set of predictors as neural network model input, feature selection methods of MRMR (Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance) and MI (Mutual Information) are used. Future values of the selected predictors under greenhouse gas emission scenarios of B1, A1B and A2 are used in the developed neural network model to project water level for the next 100 years. Sea levels with different recurrence intervals are determined using frequency analysis of historical and projected water level as well, and the impact of climate change in extreme sea level is investigated. The developed methodology is applied to New York City to determine the coastal region vulnerability to water level changes. The results of this study show remarkable increase in sea level in the New York City, which is an indicative of coastal areas vulnerability and the need to take strategic actions in dealing with climate change.     

A substrate for small patch antennas providing tunable miniaturization factors

Magnetic properties were imparted to a naturally nonmagnetic material by metallic inclusions. A patch antenna tested the performance of the magnetic metamaterial as a substrate and validated that a single substrate can achieve a range of miniaturization values. The effective medium metamaterial substrate employed electromagnetically small embedded circuits (ECs) to achieve permeability and permittivity greater than that of the host dielectric. Geometric control of the ECs allowed /spl mu/ and /spl epsi/ to be tailored to the application. The magnetic metamaterial exhibited enhanced /spl mu/ and /spl epsi/ with acceptable loss-factor levels. Models for predicting /spl mu/ and /spl epsi/ are presented, the benefits of employing metamaterial substrates are discussed, and the results in this antenna experiment are presented. The metamaterial exhibits performance characteristics not achievable from natural materials. Of particular significance is that with the permeability varying strongly and predictably with frequency, the miniaturization factor may be selected by tuning the operating frequency. Simulations indicate that such performance can be extended to several gigahertz with current technology. Relative permeability values in the /spl mu//sub r/=1-5 range are achievable for moderately low-loss applications. Representative antenna miniaturization factors on the order of 4-7 over a moderate (approximately 10%) transmission bandwidth and efficiencies in a moderate range (20%-35%) are demonstrated with the possibility of higher efficiencies indicated.