单-双极运行方式转换直流电力电子变压器的启动策略研究

直流电网技术的各类场景,均存在实现各类功能的直流型电力电子变压器。分布式/集中式的新能源电站自身的单极性直流输出,与外部连接的双极性电网之间,需要一种专用的单-双极运行方式转换直流电力电子变压器,用以匹配两者运行方式的差异。本文基于双向有源全桥电路,给出一种应用于该场景下的具体实现方案。在分析其电路拓扑、工作原理、控制策略基础上,设计出一套功率30k W,输入150V转换为±150V的单-双极运行方式转换直流电力电子变压器。针对不同的工况下外部条件不同以及控制目标差异,对变压器启动过程进行研究,并设计相应的启动控制策略。仿真与实验结果均证明了理论分析的正确性和有效性。     

Investigation on the cold-strip breakage of SUS445J2 ultra-pure ferritic stainless steel during rolling process

In this work,the cause of the cold-strip breakage of SUS445J2 ultra-pure ferritic stainless steel was investigated using optical microscopy,energy dispersive spectroscopy,and electron backscatter diffraction technique.Results show that during cold rolling,the breakage of the stainless steel strip was mainly caused by massive niobium-rich(Nb-rich)carbides present in the center of the strip.Furthermore,cracks initiated at these carbides in the central layer.The massive carbide precipitates resulted from the segregation and enrichment of Nb,titanium(Ti),and carbon(C)in the central layer during the subsequent solidification stage of SUS445J2 stainless steel.Additionally,the banded structure and coarse ferrite grains in the central layer reduced the plasticity of the material,causing cracks to propagate along these grains and finally leading to cold-strip breakage.By reducing the solidification cooling rate of the billet,increasing the pouring temperature,discretizing Nb,Ti,and C enrichment via electromagnetic stirring,and forming equiaxed crystals in the central layer,the precipitation of harmful massive Nb-rich carbides in the central layer could be effectively avoided.     

Bearing behavior and failure mechanism of squeezed branch piles

The current practice for the design of squeezed branch piles is mainly based on the calculated bearing capacity of circular piles. Insufficient considerations of the load-transfer mechanism, branch effect and failure mechanism, as well as overreliance on pile load tests, have led to conservative designs and limited application. This study performs full-scale field load tests on instrumented squeezed branch piles and shows that the shaft force curves have obvious drop steps at the branch position, indicating that the branches can effectively share the pile top load. The effects of branch position, spacing, number and diameter on the pile bearing capacity are analyzed numerically. The numerical results indicate that the squeezed branch piles have two types of failure mechanisms, i.e. individual branch failure mechanism and cylindrical failure mechanism. Further research should focus on the development of the calculation method to determine the bearing capacities of squeezed branch piles considering these two failure mechanisms.     

Role of molecular structure on bioelectrochemical reduction of mononitrophenols from wastewater

The effect of nitro-substituent on mononitrophenol (o-nitrophenol (ONP), m-nitrophenol (MNP) and p-nitrophenol (PNP)) reduction in a bioelectrochemical system (BES) was investigated in this study. The results show that the removal of all three nitrophenols was significantly enhanced with more negative cathode potential and shortened hydraulic retention time in the BESs. Moreover, the reduction of the three nitrophenols followed in the order of ONP > MNP > PNP in the BESs. Both quantum chemical calculation using density function theory and cyclic voltammetry analysis confirmed the reductive sequence of the three nitrophenols. In addition, the acute toxicity of nitrophenol effluent significantly decreased while its biodegradability was enhanced after treatment in the BES. Therefore, the BES technology offers bright prospects for efficient treatment of nitrophenol-containing wastewater.     

吸附模式及固结变形对溶质运移规律的影响研究

目前关于溶质在变形土体中运移规律的研究相对较少,但是荷载作用又是实际工程中必须考虑的因素。基于比奥固结理论和溶质运移理论,建立渗流场、应力场和浓度场耦合的溶质运移模型,并采用有限差分法对溶质在变形土体中的运移规律进行研究。此外,许多学者在研究溶质运移规律时,多数情况下采用线性吸附模式,但是细粒土对金属离子、有机物或者高浓度溶质的吸附多表现出较强的非线性,因此研究了不同吸附模式作用下溶质的运移规律。研究结果表明,固结变形对溶质的运移过程具有持久性的阻滞作用,导致了溶质运移深度的减小;吸附模式对溶质运移规律没有本质的影响,但是吸附模式对溶质运移的快慢有较大影响,并且随着运移时间的增加,吸附模式对溶质运移快慢的影响不断增大。     

台风“梅花”影响下近地风脉动特性研究

由建立在上海东海岸边的40m测风塔对台风"梅花"影响过程中的风速、风向等信息进行了全程记录,获得了10m、20m、30m及40m高度处的实测数据。通过对湍流度、阵风因子、峰值因子等脉动风特性参数的分析表明:当风速较低时,湍流度和阵风因子均随平均风速的增大而减小,但当平均风速超过其临界值时,湍流度和阵风因子基本不随平均风速而变化,两者的临界风速分别约为10m/s和12m/s;纵向和横向阵风因子随相应湍流度的增大而增大,并且通过最小二乘拟合得到了它们之间的经验公式;峰值因子(阵风持续时距t=3s)基本上不随10min平均风速的变化而变化,10m、20m和40m高度的各时段峰值因子的均值分别为2.21、2.12和2.00,峰值因子均值随阵风持续时距的变化关系与Durst研究结果较为吻合。     

24 m跨度装配式工业厂房钢筋混凝土屋架安装技术

结合24m跨度装配式工业厂房的工程实例,采用了预应力钢筋混凝土屋架的四点绑扎、正向扶直和异侧就位施工,以及天窗架、屋面板的多块迭吊和屋盖结构的综合吊装法的安装施工技术,该技术的实施确保了工程质量,降低了工程造价,最终缩短了工期.     

静态平衡阀在供热管网系统中的运用

本文分析了哈密道南3＃换热站二次网供热系统存在的问题,阐述了静态平衡阀在供热系统中的运用的技术原理,以及二次网供热系统采用静态平衡阀技术后达到的运行效果,说明了静态平衡阀控制技术在供热领域中应用的可行性和经济性。     

苏丹SOBA大桥桩基础旋挖钻机水上施工工艺分析

本文主要介绍了旋挖钻机水上桩施工工艺。实践证明了清水平衡水压钻进方法的可行性,并且具有保护环境、缩短施工工期、减轻施工强度、减少施工成本等优点。     

公路工程混凝土裂缝的防治研究

混凝土作为我国目前公路工程建设中最主要的结构形式,在使用过程中却经常发生裂缝问题,这对公民行驶的安全造成了极为不良的影响。本文就工程混凝土裂缝的防治问题展开了深入地探讨。