Studies of polyimide/copper interface and its improvement by a two-component primer

The inhibition of the imidization of polyamic acid, a precursor of polyimide, in the presence of Cu, was confirmed by the incorporation of Cu²⁺ ions in polyamic acid films. It was found that the imidization reaction was incomplete below 300°C but decomposition took place when heating above 300°C. Pretreating the Cu surface with a two-component primer solution containing polybenzimidazole and 2-mercaptobenzimidazole can make the imidization proceed without retardation and avoid the decomposition above 300°C. By choosing appropriate surface treatment systems, one can achieve the improvement of adhesion between PI and Cu substrate.     

Spatiotemporal association patterns of multiple parameters in the northwestern Pacific Ocean and their relationships with ENSO

The northwestern Pacific Ocean (NWPO) is a region sensitive to global climate change and regional sea–air interactions. A number of remote-sensing images from the past three decades were used to define sensitive marine regions, which were then applied to determine the spatiotemporal association patterns of abnormal variations in marine environmental parameters using a quantitative association rule-mining method. The NWPO object 1 (NWPO-obj1) region (130°–150° E, 2°–15° N) and NWPO object 2 (NWPO-obj2) region (170°–180° E, 0°–8° N) showed more pronounced changes than elsewhere, and the monthly anomaly of sea-surface temperature (SSTA), monthly anomaly of sea-surface chlorophyll-a (chl-a), monthly anomaly of sea-level anomaly (SLAA), and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events were closely related to one another in these two regions. In NWPO-obj1, the relation between SLAA and chl-a yields a correlation coefficient of ?0.79 and the abnormal drop in SLAA was the principal factor controlling the chl-a bloom. In NWPO-obj2, the SSTA is anti-correlated with chl-a (correlation coefficient of ?0.83), and the abnormal increase in SSTA might be one of the main factors leading to the extinction of chl-a. Comparing the two regions, abnormal increases in chl-a and decreases in SSTA in NWPO-obj2 were indicators of abnormal increases in SLAA in NWPO-obj1 (positive and negative correlation coefficients of 0.60 and ?0.61, respectively), and the abnormal decrease of SLAA in NWPO-obj1 is correlated with the abnormal decrease of SSTA in NWPO-obj2 (correlation coefficient of 0.86), although ahead by one year. In addition, the abnormal decrease of SLAA in NWPO-obj1 was the only factor influenced by El Niño, while La Niña events had an impact on the abnormal increase of SLAA in NWPO-obj1 and the abnormal decrease of SSTA in NWPO-obj2, and also dominated their interrelationships.     

Seasonal evolution of the interannual variability of chlorophyll-a concentration and its forcing factors in the northwestern Pacific from 1998 to 2010

The northwestern Pacific Ocean is a complex region with significant biological spatial variations on a seasonal timescale. To investigate the joint variation patterns on both seasonal and interannual timescales, a season-reliant empirical orthogonal function (S-EOF) analysis was applied to seasonal mean chlorophyll-a concentration (chl-a) anomalies in the northwestern Pacific Ocean during the period 1998–2010. The first two dominant modes accounted for nearly 31% of the total interannual variance, with the second S-EOF mode (S-EOF2) lagging behind the first S-EOF mode (S-EOF1) by one year. S-EOF1 featured a strong variation pattern to the north of 30° N, with maximum chl-a in winter and minimum chl-a in summer. However, S-EOF2 indicated an opposite seasonally evolving pattern compared with S-EOF1, with chl-a increasing along the Kuroshio and extension current from boreal winter to autumn. Both these modes revealed significant relationships with climate-related indices. The two modes corresponded to the central Pacific (CP) La Niña developing episodes and the turnaround from eastern Pacific (EP) La Niña to CP El Niño, respectively. Both modes were associated with the cold phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, which played an important role in prolonging the impact of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation on chl-a seasonal evolution from 1998 to 2010. In addition, we discuss the possible factors dominating chl-a seasonal variation, in terms of the subregions of the northwestern Pacific Ocean. In the subtropical northwestern Pacific Ocean (15° N – 30° N), the chl-a growth was primarily nutrient-limited, whereas in the mid-latitude northwestern Pacific Ocean (35° N – 50° N), the chl-a growth was mainly light-limited.     

钢渣的基本性质和道路工程中的利用前景

通过对钢渣及钢渣混合料的物理力学及化学性能分析，对钢渣在公路工程各个方面的应用可能性作了分析与探讨，并针对目前应用中存在的技术经济问题提出了解决的思路与办法。     

Variability of light absorption properties in optically complex inland waters of Lake Chaohu,China

Absorption coefficients of phytoplankton, colored detrital matter (CDM), non-algal particles (NAP), colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), and their relative contributions to total non-water absorption (a_t ? w) are essential variables for bio-optical and radiative transfer models. Light absorption properties showed large range and variability sampled at 194 stations throughout Lake Chaohu between May 2013 and April 2015. The a_t ? w was dominated by phytoplankton absorption (a_ph) and NAP absorption (a_d). The contribution of CDOM absorption to a_t ? w was lower than 30%. Phytoplankton and NAP were the primary sources of spatial and vertical variability in absorption properties. Light absorption by CDOM, though significant in magnitude, was relatively constant. CDM absorption (a_dg) was dominated by NAP. The spatial variation of the absorption coefficients from each of the optically active constituents were driven by several main inflow rivers in the western and middle part of Lake Chaohu. Algal blooms and bottom resuspension contributed to vertical variability as observed by phytoplankton and NAP profiles. Specific absorption of phytoplankton had significant spatial and seasonal variations without vertical variation. The spectral slope of absorption showed no significant spatial variability (p > 0.05). Variations of absorption affected different ranges of remote sensing reflectance (R_rs) spectrum, thereby increasing the difficulty of applying the remote sensing algorithm in optically complex waters. Parameters and relationships presented in this study provide useful information for bio-optical models and remote sensing of lakes similar to Lake Chaohu in terms of optical properties.     

上海地区不同商品粉煤灰水泥浆体的流变性能

采集了上海地区不同种类，等级和加工方式的7种商品粉煤灰，测定了种各种粉煤灰水泥浆体的流变性能，研究了商品粉煤灰品质与掺量对浆体流变参数的影响，并分析了影响浆体流变性能的粉煤灰主要品质因素。     

NA—5聚氨酯胶粘剂对金属粘接强度的影响

以ＮＡ－５型氨酯胶粘剂作为金属五ＰＵ弹性胶料之间的胶粘剂，制作钢／ＰＵ橡胶／铝静件。研究了影响制件粘接强度的主要因素，给出了ＮＡ－５最佳粘接工艺。     

铅酸电池管式正极添加四碱式硫酸铅晶种的研究

在铅酸电池正极铅粉中加入一定量的四碱式硫酸铅（4BS）,按照工业化的操作工艺,制备出原料中4BS含量不同的正极板,并与常规负极板组装成小电池。对正极的初始容量和循环寿命等电化学性能做了测试,结果表明,在添加粒径为1.5 μm的4BS质量分数达1%时,65 ℃固化后,正极初始容量和循环寿命分别为未加4BS正极的1.02倍和1.06倍,4BS的加入提升了电池容量和电池寿命等的综合性能;XRD结果显示,原料中加4BS的正极中β-PbO₂含量稍高于未加4BS的正极;SEM结果显示,加4BS的正极活性物质更细小,大小更均匀。     

成果导向背景下二级教学质量监控的责权划分研究

围绕当前高校内部校级教学质量监控规模过大导致的校级督导工作难以满足学校发展要求这一难题，本文通过引入成果导向理念，厘清学校与院系的教学质量管理权责范围，提出了二级教学质量监控权利分配策略，实现了校院两级教学质量监控的有效衔接，改变了“原地踏步式”的教学质量监控现状。     

Enhanced room-temperature positive magnetoresistance of a-C:Fe film

Fe-doped amorphous carbon (a-C:Fe) film and pure amorphous carbon (a-C) film were synthesized on n-Si substrate using pulsed laser deposition. The a-C:Fe film has a positive magnetoresistance (15% at magnetic field B = 1 T) at room temperature, while it has a negative magnetoresistance below 260 K. The electrical conduction in a-C:Fe film is one order of magnitude higher than that in pure a-C film. It is found that a-C:Fe film has very different conduction mechanism from that of pure a-C film. The activation energy of electron conduction in a-C:Fe film could be tuned significantly by magnetic field. The magnetoresistance effect of the a-C:Fe film seems difficult to explain by known magnetoresistance mechanisms.