Integration of Stiff Graphene and Tough Silk for the Design and Fabrication of Versatile Electronic Materials

The production of structural and functional materials with enhanced mechanical properties through the integration of soft and hard components is a common approach to Nature's material design. However, directly mimicking these optimized design routes in the lab for practical applications remains challenging. For example, graphene and silk are two materials with complementary mechanical properties that feature ultrahigh stiffness and toughness, respectively. Yet, no simple and controllable approach is developed to homogeneously integrate these two components into functional composites, mainly due to the hydrophobicity and chemical inertness of graphene. In this study, well‐dispersed and highly stable graphene/silk fibroin (SF) suspension systems are developed, which are suitable for processing to fabricate polymorphic materials, such as films, fibers, and coatings. The obtained graphene/SF nanocomposites maintain the electronic advantages of graphene, and they also allow tailorable mechanical performance to form including ultrahigh stretchable (with a strain to failure to 611 ± 85%), or high strength (339 MPa) and high stiffness (7.4 GPa) material systems. More remarkably, the electrical resistances of these graphene/SF materials are sensitive to material deformation, body movement, as well as humidity and chemical environmental changes. These unique features promise their utility as wearable sensors, smart textiles, intelligent skins, and human–machine interfaces.     

更换旧蓄电池组应注意的安全问题

先期使用的大批阀控式密封铅酸蓄电池(VRLA电池),及固定型防酸隔爆式铅酸蓄电池(GGF电池)由于各种原因容量下降,不能保证其正常使用需进行更换。本文对如何安全可靠进行新旧蓄电池组的更换割接提出建议。     

雷达目标空频域瞬态极化特性及其在几何结构反演中的应用

该文针对高分辨全极化成像雷达体制,研究了雷达目标的空频域瞬态极化特性及其在目标几何结构反演中的应用.给出了空频域瞬态极化特性的表征及获取方法,将已有瞬态极化理论拓广至空频域,并对典型散射结构的空频域瞬态极化特性进行对比分析.作为应用,提出基于空频域瞬态极化特性分析的雷达目标几何结构反演方法,该方法通过揭示空频域瞬态极化特征与散射结构类型间的对应关系,可以克服传统反演的模糊性和局限性,实现更为准确和可信的反演.基于暗室测量数据验证了该方法的有效性.     

An Investigation on the Coupled Thermal–Mechanical–Electrical Response of Automobile Thermoelectric Materials and Devices

Thermoelectric (TE) materials, which can directly convert heat to electrical energy, possess wide application potential for power generation from waste heat. As TE devices in vehicle exhaust power generation systems work in the long term in a service environment with coupled thermal–mechanical–electrical conditions, the reliability of their mechanical strength and conversion efficiency is an important issue for their commercial application. Based on semiconductor TE devices wih multiple p–n couples and the working environment of a vehicle exhaust power generation system, the service conditions of the TE devices are simulated by using the finite-element method. The working temperature on the hot side is set according to experimental measurements, and two cooling methods, i.e., an independent and shared water tank, are adopted on the cold side. The conversion efficiency and thermal stresses of the TE devices are calculated and discussed. Numerical results are obtained, and the mechanism of the influence on the conversion efficiency and mechanical properties of the TE materials is revealed, aiming to provide theoretical guidance for optimization of the design and commercial application of vehicle TE devices.     

互联网金融第三方支付风险传导及防范措施研究

随着互联网技术的不断发展,互联网金融第三方支付平台得到了快速发展,给人们支付方式带来了巨大的影响.文章阐述了我国第三方支付的发展现状,并以支付宝为例展示了第三方支付平台发展模式,分析了互联网金融第三方支付在资金流动中存在的市场性风险、流动性风险、信用性风险、技术性风险,探讨了以上四种风险传导路径,并针对第三方支付风险提...     

柴油机喷油器喷孔积碳对喷雾影响研究

在定容弹中进行了柴油机喷油器冷态喷雾特性试验,对比分析了积碳喷油器和新喷油器在不同喷射条件下的喷雾贯穿距和喷雾锥角。试验结果表明：喷油器喷孔积碳后,喷雾贯穿距和喷雾锥角减小,喷射初期差距较大,喷射后期差距缩小;喷射压力越大,喷雾贯穿距和喷雾锥角下降越明显。利用光学显微镜观察喷孔出口积碳发现,喷孔出口积碳分布在喷孔外沿,改变了原有的出口结构。利用流体体积方法,对喷孔内部流动进行数值仿真计算,分析了孔内积碳、出口积碳以及喷孔增长对喷孔内部流动的影响。计算结果表明：孔内积碳、出口积碳、喷孔增长导致喷孔内部空化效应减弱,出口质量流量、速度、湍动能下降,油束雾化质量变差,出口积碳影响作用更大。     

基于Wi-Fi即时定位与映射像素模板匹配的室内运动地图构建与定位

传统指纹定位方法由于建库人力时间开销大、系统通用性不强约束着指纹定位系统的推广,为了解决该问题同时结合即时定位与映射(SLAM)技术的优势,该文提出一种新的Wi-Fi/微机电系统(MEMS)融合室内运动地图构建与定位方法。首先利用行人航迹推算(PDR)、最小描述长度(MDL)原则和基于密度的空间聚类算法(DBSCAN)对众包运动轨迹进行预处理,提出基于轨迹主路径的运动地图构建方法。之后提出基于像素模板的地图匹配方法获取地图的绝对位置,并采用抗差扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)对目标位置进行最优估计。实验结果表明,所提聚类方法可以准确构建各区域运动地图,在少量的人力时间开销下实现较高的定位精度。     

KWTA networks and their applications

Winner-Take-All (WTA) or K-Winner-Take-All (KWTA) networks have been frequently used as the basic building blocks of complex neural networks. This paper introduces a new selection rule for network connections that implements stable KWTA networks. To widen the applications of WTA networks, a new class of WTA networks is proposed, and their efficient design methods are presented. We demonstrate the properties of the generalized class of WTA networks, through three application examples.