9种中草药保鲜剂的抑菌作用研究

选择9种中草药乙醇提取液,以热杀索丝菌、肠杆菌、假单胞菌和乳酸菌为供试菌,采用打孔扩散法测定中草药的抑菌效果,并选择抑菌效果较好的中草药保鲜剂配方。结果表明:这9种中草药提取物均具有抑菌效果,抑菌圈直径为8~16 mm,其中五味子、石榴皮、黄连和虎杖4种中草药具有广谱抑菌性,且五味子、石榴皮和虎杖的1∶1∶1复配液对4种供试菌的抑菌效果最好,为中草药在肉制品保鲜方面的应用提供依据。     

混沌理论在电力系统负荷预测中应用综述

电力系统负荷的准确预测,对电力系统安全、高效运行有重要作用。负荷存在混沌特性,而基于混沌理论的预测较好地刻画了负荷物理属性,预测精度高。并主要介绍了混沌理论在负荷预测中的应用。首先,概述了基于混沌理论预测的机理,介绍了几种混沌特性判别的方法。然后,介绍了几种预测模型。最后,对现有预测模型总结和展望。     

常用屋顶绿化基质材料的保水性能

研究在饱和状态、反复干湿循环和自然蒸发3种情况下常用屋顶绿化基质材料陶粒、草炭和保水剂的保水性能。通过抽真空饱和试验得到基质材料的蓄水性能,试验发现基质材料混合后实测饱和含水量大于理论推算值,分析了导致材料混合使得蓄水性能大幅提高的原因。采用反复干燥吸水试验证明陶粒和草炭具有良好的热稳定性,而保水剂在较高温度烘干时主分子链易断裂,反复吸水和烘干后其保水性能大幅降低。常温常压蒸发试验表明在含水量较高时,三者蒸发速率与自由水面蒸发的相当,随着含水量降低,保水性能越差的基质材料蒸发速率降低越快,合理添加保水剂能有效改善基质材料保水性能。     

Enhanced healing of full-thickness diabetic wounds using bioactive glass and Yunnan baiyao ointments

In order to accelerate the chronic wounds healing, we investigated the healing effects of bioactive glass and Yuunan baiyao ointments in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The ointments were prepared by mixing 45S5 bioactive glass powder （16% weight） with Vaseline and different weight percentages of Yurman baiyao. Full-thickness defect wounds were created on the back of 130 SD rats and were randomly divided into 8 groups. The wound healing rates were calculated at 4, 7, 10, 14 and 21 days after surgery. The samples were harvested for further observations. Considering the wound closure rate, group 6 （with 5% Yuunan baiyao） has better wound healing performance than other diabetic groups. The lower inflammatory response was observed by gross observation and confirmed by the results of H＆E staining and TEM observation. Besides, the proliferation of fibroblasts, the formation of granulation tissue, as well as the vascularization, were improved in group 6 compared to other diabetic groups. All results suggest that bioactive glass and Yunnan baiyao ointments can accelerate the recovery of diabetes-impaired skin wounds, and comparing to other diabetic groups, group 6 （with 5% Yunnan baiyao） has better healing effect.     

多属性群决策中有向型一致性调整算法研究

在多专家多属性决策中,针对专家决策矩阵一致性问题,提出一种有向型一致性调整算法,在属性层面上对专家意见进行有针对性的修改,最大程度保留专家原始意见。采用动力舱纵向位置优选模型进行应用,以验证算法的可行性。同时通过与现有自适应一致性调整算法运算结果对比,有向型一致性调整算法收敛速度更快,对专家意见修改更少,验证了算法的高效性。     

改进的Mastui算法差分路径自动化搜索方法

本文首先对Mastui算法进行了两方面的改进,首先重构了S盒差分分布表,转变成密集型哈希表。然后提出基于向量的一种严格剪枝技术,可以尽早筛选掉不满足的差分路径。然后将改进算法应用到了Feistel结构和SP结构类型的分组密码中,以轻量级分组密码MIBS为例,应用所给出的自动化搜索技术,搜索出4轮的最优差分概率为2-12,相比文献[2]所声称MIBS最好的4轮差分特征概率为2-16,具有更优结果。本文同时也给出其r(8≤r≤12)轮的差分特征,搜索出12轮最优迭代差分路径,其概率为2-56。     

基于烃类组成的催化裂解反应规律北大核心CSCD

目的研究催化裂解过程中不同烃类的反应规律,提升原料油烃类利用率和目标产物的选择性,挖掘“油产化”的潜力。方法基于原料油和产物的烃类组成,详细分析了从原料油到反应产物不同烃类的表观转化率,并对不同烃类的转化与生成途径进行了分析与探讨。结果在催化裂解反应过程中,链烷烃、环烷烃和芳烃的表观转化率分别为93.06%、97.05%和58.53%,其中,单环、双环、三环、四环和五环及以上芳烃的表观转化率分别为61.49%、11.34%、65.17%、29.27%和96.35%。催化裂解产物与原料油物质的量之比为7.68,产物芳烃与原料油芳烃物质的量之比为2.99。液体产物中可进一步转化为目标产物的烃类质量分数为27.50%,产物中单环芳烃通过原料油中非芳烃芳构化反应生成的比例为96.16%。结论链烷烃和环烷烃催化裂解转化较为彻底,而芳烃表观转化率较低,且不同环数芳烃的表观转化率差异较大,并呈现出奇环数芳烃表观转化率高、偶环数芳烃表观转化率低的特征。裂解反应和芳构化反应是催化裂解过程中最重要的两类反应,不同烃类的表观轻质化顺序为链烷烃>单环芳烃>环烷烃>双环芳烃>三环及以上芳烃,产物中单环芳烃主要来自原料油中非芳烃的芳构化反应,液体产物中可转化为目标产物的烃类仍有进一步压减的空间。     

Oxidation behavior and mechanism of aluminum oxynitride (AlON) at elevated temperatures

The oxidation behavior and mechanism of aluminum oxynitride (AlON) powder exposed to air at elevated temperatures between 800°C and 1300°C was investigated by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron spin resonance (ESR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and simultaneous thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis, and mass spectrometry techniques (TG-DTA-MS). The weight of AlON gradually increases to a maximum value at 1150°C and then decreases with further heating. Meanwhile, AlON powder undergoes chemical changes, as evidenced by lattice expansion, and turns eventually into alumina. ESR spectra reveal the occurrence of lone pair electrons in the oxidized products and the intensity of corresponding resonance signal increases before disappearing with the increase in temperature. Combined with the results of NMR and TG-DTA-MS, the measured data suggest that Al-N in [AlO₃N] tetrahedron and [AlO₅N] octahedron are gradually oxidized into Al-O-N group with lone pair electrons, which causes continuous weight gain and lattice expansion. Further oxidation at higher temperatures results in alumina and N₂.     

颗粒强化钛基复合材料的氧化特性

研究了以ＴｉＣ颗粒增强的钛基复合材料的氧化特性。指出ＴｉＣ增强的钛基复合材料在６５０℃以上高温有着其它耐热钛合金不可比拟的高温抗氧化性能；ＴｉＣ／Ｔｉ的反应界面层有利于氧原子的扩散，使复合材料在６５０℃以下的氧化初期氧化速度较快；但在６５０℃以下经长时间保温，其氧化特性和其它耐热钛合金相似。