Novel peptides derived from egg white protein inhibiting alpha-glucosidase

The aim of this study was to search and identify potential anti-diabetic peptides with α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities. After the Alcalase hydrolysis, egg white protein hydrolysates were purified and identified by LC–MS–MS. Eight identified peptides were further synthesized by the Fmoc solid-phase synthesis. The anti-diabetic activities of these synthetic peptides were assessed using enzymatic inhibitory assays against the α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Among the eight peptides, peptide RVPSLM was discovered as a potential α-glucosidase inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value at 23.07 μmol L⁻¹. However, it did not exhibit a visible or detectable inhibitory efficiency on the α-amylase. These studies indicate the potential of using egg white protein hydrolysates as a functional food product with the anti-diabetic activity.     

基于四步相移法实现全息的信息隐藏

针对光信息安全方向,提出了快速卷积算、四步相移法和信息隐藏相结合的一种新的全息图像重建的方法。该方法首先对图像进行菲涅尔衍射积分的快速卷积算法,四步相移方法产生4个数字全息图,将其中一个全息图像(密钥)加载于经过低通滤波器处理后的宿主图像的频谱中,完成了数字水印的嵌入过程。接着对嵌入数字水印后的载体数据进行逆傅里叶变换可提取出数字水印信息,即其中一个全息图。再接着根据四步相移法得到的另外三个全息图(公钥)得到重建全息图像需要的物光复振幅,最后利用菲涅尔衍射积分的快速卷积反变换算法,得到想要的图像。这种基于快速卷积算法和四步相移算法对全息图像的重建质量有了提高,数字水印对全息图像的加密提高了对信息的传输的安全性。     

采后不同温度预贮对雾化栽培微型马铃薯的愈伤效果及其机理

研究采后不同温度预贮对雾化栽培（以下简称雾培）微型马铃薯愈伤的影响,并进一步探讨其促进愈伤的可能机理。以‘通薯1号’雾培微型马铃薯为试材,在无损伤的条件下,分别于4、15 ℃和25 ℃（相对湿度86%～88%）黑暗环境中预贮20 d。测定预贮期间块茎的质量损失率,观察块茎周皮细胞中软木脂（包括聚酚软木脂（suberin polyphenolics,SPP）和聚酯软木脂（suberin polyaliphatics,SPA））的积累及木栓化情况,分析块茎周皮组织苯丙烷和活性氧代谢的变化。结果表明,15 ℃预贮显著促进了周皮组织处SPP、SPA的积累和木栓化。预贮第5天,与4、25 ℃预贮相比,15 ℃预贮块茎周皮组织处SPP细胞层厚度分别显著增加50.90%和26.94%（P＜0.05）,SPA细胞层厚度分别显著增加44.89%和30.23%（P＜0.05）,木栓化细胞层厚度分别显著增加27.66%和8.18%（P＜0.05）。相同预贮时间,15 ℃预贮显著提高了块茎周皮组织苯丙氨酸解氨酶（phenylalanine ammonia lyase,PAL）的活力（P＜0.05）,增加了总酚、类黄酮和木质素的含量。第5天时,15 ℃预贮块茎PAL活力较4 ℃和25 ℃分别显著增加了34.46%和12.64%（P＜0.05）;总酚和类黄酮含量较4 ℃预贮分别增加11.93%和40.05%,较25 ℃预贮分别增加2.72%和15.50%。第20天时,15 ℃预贮块茎木质素含量较4 ℃和25 ℃分别显著增加24.50%和8.24%（P＜0.05）。此外,相同预贮时间下,15 ℃预贮明显增加了块茎周皮组织处H2O2、超氧阴离子的含量以及过氧化物酶（peroxidase,POD）活力。综上,采后15 ℃预贮可通过激活周皮组织苯丙烷和活性氧代谢,增强周皮组织处软木脂的积累和木栓化,进而加速雾培微型马铃薯的愈伤。     

铜铈改性镁铝尖晶石作为助催化剂同时脱除FCC烟气中的SOx,Nox

为降低催化裂化烟气中的SO_x、No_x,采用溶胶凝胶法合成了Mg-Al尖晶石,并通过共胶法进行金属氧化物改性制备得到催化裂化烟气脱硫脱硝助催化剂。在小型固定床反应装置上考察了铜铈改性以及烟气中O₂含量对尖晶石脱硫脱硝性能的影响,并在小型提升管装置上考察了铜铈复合改性后尖晶石同时脱硫脱硝的性能。结果表明：经铜铈复合改性后的尖晶石脱硫活性最高,40min内仍能保持90.67%的SO₂脱除率;含铜尖晶石的脱硝性能最优,450℃后NO转化率达100%。烟气中O₂含量对脱硫有利而对脱硝不利,当O₂含量过高时,NO不能有效脱除。原位红外漫反射分析表明：含铜尖晶石良好的脱硝性能是因为其含有的Cu⁺对CO优异的吸附性能,O₂的影响在于其与CO的反应,导致CO消耗。提升管装置评价实验结果表明：主风量为0.6m³/h时,CuCe-MgAl脱硫效率为59.96%,脱硝效率为87.63%。当主风量为0.8m³/h时,脱硫效果提升至74.50%而失去了脱硝功能。     

铕（III）-1-（氯苯基）-3-（2-羟基苯基）-丙二酮类配合物的合成与荧光性质

合成了1-(邻氯苯基)-3-(2-羟基苯基)-丙二酮(L1)、1-(间氯苯基)-3-(2-羟基苯基)-丙二酮(L2)和1-(对氯苯基)-3-(2-羟基苯基)-丙二酮(L3)3种配体,并将此3种配体分别与 Eu(III)反应生成3种新的稀土配合物。运用元素分析、红外光谱与荧光光谱等手段对配合物进行了表征。结果表明：3种配合物的组成分别为 Eu(L1)3·2H2O、Eu(L2)3·2H2O 和 Eu(L3)3·2H2O。荧光光谱显示,3种配合物的配体均能将吸收的能量有效地传递给三价铕离子,从而使配合物发射出强的铕离子的特征荧光。在3种配合物中,Eu(L1)3·2H2O 的荧光强度远大于 Eu(L2)3·2H2O 和 Eu(L3)3·2H2O 的荧光强度,这说明配体 L1与 Eu(III)离子的能级匹配较好,能量传递效率较高。     

Water-Based Gelcasting of Surface-Coated Silicon Nitride Powder

A layer of Y₂O₃–Al₂O₃, used as a sintering aid, was coated onto the surface of Si₃N₄ particles by the precipitation of inorganic salts from a water-based solution containing Al(NO₃)₃, Y(NO₃)₃, and urea. The electrokinetic and colloidal characteristics of the Si₃N₄ powder were changed significantly by the coating layer. As a result, dispersion of the Y₂O₃–Al₂O₃-coated Si₃N₄ powder was significantly greater than that of the original powder. Furthermore, the Y₂O₃–Al₂O₃ coating layer prevented the hydrogen-gas-discharging problem that occurred during gelcasting of the original Si₃N₄ powder because of reaction between the uncoated powder and the basic aqueous solution in suspension. Surface coating, as well as the gelcasting process, significantly improved the microstructure, room-temperature bending strength, and Weibull modulus of the resulting ceramic bodies.     

Experimental Study on the Characteristics of Water Vapor Generation from Gas-washing Bottle and Injector

Gas-washing and water injection are two commonly used methods in generating certain moisture content in gas flow stream, but the control accuracy of these methods remains uncertain. The purpose of the study is to investigate the characteristic of water vapor generation of the two methods. The temperature and humidity recorder and FTIR gas analyzer have been adopted to monitor the moisture content in tests. It has been revealed that, in gas-washing process, the moisture content in gas stream is well below saturation, and long time is required before moisture content stabilized after water bath temperature or carrier gas flow rate changed. Water injection pump could directly control the amount of water injected into gas stream. However, the moisture content generated in this way is not stable but oscillates in cycles, whose frequency and magnitude are closely related to water injection amount.     

南京地区的太阳能辐射特性

太阳能热利用系统的性能与当地太阳能辐照特性直接相关。利用南京地区全年辐射强度统计数据建立了逐时太阳能强度及其计算模型,结果可以作为太阳能热利用系统提供性能分析和方案论证的参考依据。     

沙雷氏菌Serratia sp.BK-98发酵生产2-酮基-D-葡萄糖酸的工艺优化及动力学研究

Based on the optimization of culture conditions for producing 2-keto-D-gluconic acid(2-KDG)by Serratia sp.BK-98 in a Erlenmeyer flask, the factors of dissolved oxygen(DO)and pH affecting 2-KDG batch fermentation in 100 L fermenter were further optimized to be 30% and 6.0 respectively.Under the DO-stat and pH-stat batch culture conditions, 2-KDG production reached 211.2 g·L^-1.The kinetics of DO-stat and pH-stat batch fermentation were also investigated and the models for biomass, substrate consumption and product were established respectively based on the Logistic equation, Leudeking-Piret equation and Modified Leudeking-Piret equation.Curve fittings for the above models by using experimental data were performed by the non-linear least squares method with the software Origin 8.0.With the evaluated model parameters, the calculated values of the models and experimental data were in good agreement and the models could provide guidance for 2-KDG fermentation production.