渝页1井地质背景及钻探效果

我国南方海相页岩分布广、厚度大,有机质丰度高、热演化程度高,由于地质及地形条件复杂、含气性变化大,页岩气资源潜力有待查明。位于重庆市彭水县境内的页岩气取心井——渝页1井揭示了高陡构造带上黑色页岩及其中的含气特点。该井钻揭下志留统龙马溪组黑色页岩层系地层厚度为225.78 m(未穿)。实验分析结果表明:该井龙马溪组黑色页岩具有有利的页岩气成藏条件及典型的浅层页岩气特点,有机碳含量平均达到了3.7%,有机质成熟度(Ro)平均为2.04%。黑色页岩中裂缝及微孔隙发育,储集空间包括了黏土矿物粒间微孔隙、页理间孔隙、溶蚀孔隙、成岩微裂缝及构造裂缝等。实验计算龙马溪组黑色页岩含气量介于1.0～3.0 m3/t。研究表明,渝页1井所揭示的下志留统龙马溪组和上奥陶统五峰组暗色页岩分布广泛,页岩气资源潜力大。     

培养学生英语文化意识应遵循的原则及方法

英语文化意识是跨文化交际的基础.培养学生英语文化意识应遵循平等、同步和兴趣原则,在教学中运用比较、讲解和观察等方法引导学生理解东西方文化差异,增强英语文化意识,提高跨文化交际能力.     

Shear horizontal (SH) waves propagating in piezoelectric–piezomagnetic bilayer system with an imperfect interface

This work considers the propagation of shear horizontal (SH) waves in a bilayer system consisting of a piezoelectric (PE) layer and a piezomagnetic (PM) substrate. The interface between the PE layer and the PM substrate is imperfectly bonded. The surfaces of the bilayer system are free of traction, electrically shorted or open and magnetically open or shorted. The exact dispersion equations are derived. The numerical examples are given to illustrate the effects of the electromagnetic boundary conditions, the imperfect interface, the different PE layers and the thickness ratio on the dispersion behaviors. It is found that (a) the electrical boundary conditions dominate the propagation characteristics of SH waves; (b) the imperfect bonding lowers the phase velocities; (c) the thickness ratio and the properties of PE layers have a significant effect on the dispersion behaviors. The obtained results provide a predictable and theoretical basis for applications of PE–PM composites to acoustic wave devices.     

Selection strategy to generate aptamer pairs that bind to distinct sites on protein targets

Many analytical techniques benefit greatly from the use of affinity reagent pairs, wherein each reagent recognizes a discrete binding site on a target. For example, antibody pairs have been widely used to dramatically increase the specificity of enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Nucleic acid-based aptamers offer many advantageous features relative to protein-based affinity reagents, including well-established chemical synthesis, thermostability, and low production cost. However, the generation of suitable aptamer pairs has posed a significant challenge, and few such pairs have been reported to date. To address this important challenge, we present multivalent aptamer isolation systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (MAI-SELEX), a technique designed for the efficient selection of aptamer pairs. In contrast to conventional selection methods, our method utilizes two selection modules to generate separate aptamer pools that recognize distinct binding sites on a single target. Using MAI-SELEX, we have isolated two groups of 2'-fluoro-modified RNA aptamers that specifically recognize the αV or β3 subunits of integrin αVβ3. These aptamers exhibit low nanomolar affinities for their targets, with minimal cross-reactivity to other closely related integrin homologues. Moreover, we show that these aptamer pairs do not interfere with each other's binding and effectively detect the target even in complex mixtures such as undiluted serum.     

含铒铝合金激光焊接接头组织与性能研究

对含铒铝镁合金冷轧板进行了激光焊接,分析了接头的各区域的微观组织和力学性能,探讨了铒对焊缝及热影响区组织与性能的影响。结果表明:由于稀土元素Er的加入,使焊缝中心晶粒尺寸减小到30μm左右;熔合线附近出现"细晶层";热影响区晶粒未见明显长大;焊接接头焊缝截面的显微硬度呈W形分布;Er对焊接接头的抗拉强度提高并不明显,接头抗拉强度为母材的70%。     

Mo_2C对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷腐蚀性能的影响

通过静态浸泡腐蚀和动电位极化两种方法,研究了Mo2C对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷在NaOH溶液中腐蚀性能的影响。实验结果表明:Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的耐蚀性明显优于WC-Co硬质合金;添加Mo2C可以大幅度提高Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的机械性能,硬度从91.2到94.0 HRA和抗弯强度从930到1 350 MPa,但会降低金属陶瓷的耐蚀性能;由于Mo2C的加入,会使金属陶瓷的动电位极化曲线出现两个钝化区,但是两个钝化区域的电流均未达到真正的钝化电流(10-5A/cm2),因而这些钝化现象均为伪钝化;在经动电位极化后的试样表面,粘结相Ni和白色的内环相均会被腐蚀,其中内环相为富Mo的(Mo,Ti)(C,N)固溶体,其耐腐蚀性较未溶的Ti(C,N)芯更差。随着Mo2C添加量的提高,内环形相的厚度随之会增加,从而降低了Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的耐蚀性能。     

Polydisperse aerosol condensation with heat and mass conservation II: Fluid dynamic couplings for an embedded aerosol zone

Aerosol condensational growth in a fluid field, including water vapor depletion and latent heat of condensation, is studied by a newly developed model coupling aerosol condensation with fluid dynamics. This model couples the fluid dynamics (via ANSYS FLUENT) and a time-dependent model [1] developed for nonsteady state, nonisothermal conditions. Mass and heat are effectively conserved throughout the computational domain with changes driven by aerosol condensation and evaporation. In turn, these changes promote fluid movement and its evolution. Communications between the air parcel, inside which the aerosol particles are introduced, and the outside environment are allowed by means of mass and heat transfer. Comparison between results of models with and without computational fluid dynamics (CFD) shows that the fluid movement due to aerosol condensation can have significant impact on the aerosol growth. By comparing the growth of both monodisperse and polydisperse (NH₄)₂SO₄ particles of different number densities at various initial supersaturation conditions, particle number concentrations are shown to have great impact on the aerosol condensational growth with mass and heat exchange between the inside and outside of the air parcel.     

Ni–Fe–B catalysts for NaBH4 hydrolysis

A series of Ni–Fe–B catalysts with different Fe/(Fe + Ni) molar ratios, used for the hydrolysis of NaBH₄, were prepared by chemical reduction of NiCl₂ and FeCl₃ mixed solution with NaBH₄. The measurements revealed that the catalysts with the molar ratio of Fe/(Fe + Ni) (30%) exhibited the highest catalytic activity, and the optimal reduction temperature is 348 K. In addition, the effects of the concentration of NaBH₄, NaOH and the hydrolytic temperature of NaBH₄ were discussed in detail. The results show that the reaction rate of hydrolysis first rises up and then goes down subsequently with the increase of NaBH₄ concentration, as well as the concentration of NaOH. The activation energy of the hydrolysis for Ni–Fe–B catalysts is fitted to 57 kJ/mol. The maximum value of hydrogen generation is 2910 ml/(min g) at 298 K.     

A spectroscopic and microstructural study of oxide coatings produced on a Ti–6Al–4V alloy by plasma electrolytic oxidation

In this study, we have used PEO (plasma electrolytic oxidation) for the production of oxide coatings on a Ti–6Al–4V alloy at two different current modes, namely pulsed unipolar and bipolar. Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) in the visible and near UV band (280–800 nm) was used to characterize the PEO plasma. The emission spectra were recorded and the plasma temperature profile versus processing time was constructed using a line intensity ratios method. The aim of this work was to study the effect of the process parameters, including current mode and pulse duration time, on the plasma characteristics, surface morphology and microstructure and corrosion resistance of oxides grown on Ti–6Al–4V by PEO process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to study the coating microstructure, morphology and phase composition. The corrosion resistance of the coated and uncoated samples was examined by potentiodynamic polarization in a 3.5% NaCl solution. It was found that the plasma temperature profiles are significantly influenced by changing the current mode from unipolar to bipolar. The strongest discharges that are initiated at the interface between the substrate and the coating can be reduced or eliminated by using a bipolar current mode. This produces a thinner, denser and more corrosion-resistant coating.     

In vitro study on porous silver scaffolds prepared by electroplating method using cellular carbon skeleton as the substrate

Porous silver scaffolds, with the porosity ranging from 68% to 81% and the apparent density ranging from 0.4 to 1 g?cm^? 3 were prepared by electroplating method using cellular carbon skeleton as the substrate. The microstructure, mechanical property, cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of the prepared porous silver scaffold were studied. The present porous silver scaffolds had a highly three-dimensional trabecular porous structure with the porosity and the apparent density close to that of the cancellous bone. Furthermore, the mechanical property such as elastic modulus and yield strength of the porous silver scaffolds were lower than that of commercial available porous Ti and porous Ti alloys but much closer to that of the cancellous bone and porous Ta. In addition, study of in vitro behavior showed that the porous silver scaffold possessed significant antibacterial capability of inhibition of bacterial proliferation and adherence against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, and little cytotoxicity to Mg-63 cell line and NIH-3T3 cell line. Consequently, the porous silver scaffolds prepared by electrodeposition possess a promising application for bone implants.