基于模糊PID控制的循环水自动加药与监测系统

工业生产中加强对循环水质的处理变得越来越重要,在对循环水系统存在问题进行分析后,利用西门子S7-200 PLC和WinCC组态软件开发设计了新型工业循环水水质在线监测与自动加药系统,解决了传统控制难以保证加药量准确与均匀的问题;针对加酸中pH值过程具有非线性、时变和大时滞等特点,采用了以控制人员的经验为基础的模糊控制方法,结果表明pH值控制误差完全满足系统要求;系统已在化工厂中投入运行,经实践证明,该系统人机交互性好、可靠性高、抗干扰能力强,满足了现代工业循环水质监管的要求。     

BIM技术在天津永基花园二期项目中的应用

文章介绍了天津市永基花园二期项目BIM的应用背景、建模过程、碰撞检查、三维场布、BIM5D软件应用等,分析了BIM在该项目中的应用价值、存在问题,并提出了对BIM应用的展望。     

基于短波测量数据的信道模型聚类方法

提出了一种使用减法聚类有效分类离散随机信道参数的方法．在青岛北京链路的信道测量数据基础上,使用该方法将短波信道测量计算出的信道参数分别进行一维和多维聚合分类,得到在特定链路、时间上,某频率对应的典型信道参数和信道模型,为短波频谱管理中的频率打分提供精确量化依据．     

Genetic Dissection of Phosphorus Use Efficiency and Genotype-by-Environment Interaction in Maize

Genotype-by-environment interaction (G-by-E) is a common but potentially problematic phenomenon in plant breeding. In this study, we investigated the genotypic performance and two measures of plasticity on a phenotypic and genetic level by assessing 234 maize doubled haploid lines from six populations for 15 traits in seven macro-environments with a focus on varying soil phosphorus levels. It was found intergenic regions contributed the most to the variation of phenotypic linear plasticity. For 15 traits, 124 and 31 quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified for genotypic performance and phenotypic plasticity, respectively. Further, some genes associated with phosphorus use efficiency, such as Zm00001eb117170, Zm00001eb258520, and Zm00001eb265410, encode small ubiquitin-like modifier E3 ligase were identified. By significantly testing the main effect and G-by-E effect, 38 main QTL and 17 interaction QTL were identified, respectively, in which MQTL38 contained the gene Zm00001eb374120, and its effect was related to phosphorus concentration in the soil, the lower the concentration, the greater the effect. Differences in the size and sign of the QTL effect in multiple environments could account for G-by-E. At last, the superiority of G-by-E in genomic selection was observed. In summary, our findings will provide theoretical guidance for breeding P-efficient and broadly adaptable varieties.     

Preparation and Characterization of Nanofibrous Membranes Electro-Spun from Blended Poly(l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) and Recombinant Spider Silk Protein as Potential Skin Regeneration Scaffold

Biomaterial scaffolding serves as an important strategy in skin tissue engineering. In this research, recombinant spider silk protein (RSSP) and poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) were blended in different ratios to fabricate nanofibrous membranes as potential skin regeneration scaffolds with an electro-spinning process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water contact angles measurement, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), tensile mechanical tests and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) were carried out to characterize the nanofibrous membranes. The results showed that the blending of RSSP greatly decreased the nanofibers’ average diameter, enhanced the hydrophilicity, changed the microstructure and thermal properties, and could enable tailored mechanical properties of the nanofibrous membranes. Among the blended membranes, the PLCL/RSSP (75/25) membrane was chosen for further investigation on biocompatibility. The results of hemolysis assays and for proliferation of human foreskin fibroblast cells (hFFCs) confirmed the membranes potential use as skin-regeneration scaffolds. Subsequent culture of mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (NIH-3T3) demonstrated the feasibility of the blended membranes as a human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) delivery matrix. The PLCL/RSSP (75/25) membrane possessed good properties comparable to those of human skin with high biocompatibility and the ability of hEGF delivery. Further studies can be carried out on such membranes with chemical or genetic modifications to make better scaffolds for skin regeneration.     

Functional Characterization of Ubiquitination Genes in the Interaction of Soybean—Heterodera glycines

Ubiquitination is a kind of post-translational modification of proteins that plays an important role in plant response to biotic and abiotic stress. The response of soybean GmPUB genes to soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines) infection is largely unknown. In this study, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the relative expression of 49 GmPUB genes in susceptible cultivar William 82 and resistant cultivar Huipizhi after SCN inoculation. The results show that GmPUB genes responded to cyst nematode infection at 1 day post-inoculation (dpi), 5 dpi, 10 dpi and 15 dpi. The expression levels of GmPUB16A, GmPUB20A, GmCHIPA, GmPUB33A, GmPUB23A and GmPUB24A were dramatically changed during SCN infection. Furthermore, functional analysis of these GmPUB genes by overexpression and RNAi showed that GmPUB20A, GmPUB33A and GmPUB24A negatively regulated soybean resistance under SCN stress. The results from our present study provide insights into the complicated molecular mechanism of the interaction between soybean and SCN.     

Increasing the Grain Yield and Grain Protein Content of Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum) by Introducing Missense Mutations in the Q Gene

Grain yield (GY) and grain protein content (GPC) are important traits for wheat breeding and production; however, they are usually negatively correlated. The Q gene is the most important domestication gene in cultivated wheat because it influences many traits, including GY and GPC. Allelic variations in the Q gene may positively affect both GY and GPC. Accordingly, we characterized two new Q alleles (Q^s1 and Q^c1-N8) obtained through ethyl methanesulfonate-induced mutagenesis. Compared with the wild-type Q allele, Q^s1 contains a missense mutation in the sequence encoding the first AP₂ domain, whereas Q^c1-N8 has two missense mutations: one in the sequence encoding the second AP₂ domain and the other in the microRNA172-binding site. The Q^s1 allele did not significantly affect GPC or other processing quality parameters, but it adversely affected GY by decreasing the thousand kernel weight and grain number per spike. In contrast, Q^c1-N8 positively affected GPC and GY by increasing the thousand kernel weight and grain number per spike. Thus, we generated novel germplasm relevant for wheat breeding. A specific molecular marker was developed to facilitate the use of the Q^c1-N8 allele in breeding. Furthermore, our findings provide useful new information for enhancing cereal crops via non-transgenic approaches.