Simplified primer design for PCR-based gene targeting and microarray primer database: two web tools for fission yeast

PCR-based gene targeting is a popular method for manipulating yeast genes in their normal chromosomal locations. The manual design of primers, however, can be cumbersome and error-prone. We have developed a straightforward web-based tool that applies user-specified inputs to automate and simplify the task of primer selection for deletion, tagging and/or regulated expression of genes in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. This tool, named PPPP (for Pombe PCR Primer Programs), is available at http://www.sanger.ac.uk/PostGenomics/S_pombe/software/. We also present a searchable Microarray Primer Database to retrieve the sequences and accompanying information for primers and PCR products used to build our in-house Sz. pombe microarrays. This database contains information on both coding and intergenic regions to provide context for the microarray data, and it should be useful also for other applications, such as quantitative PCR. The database can be accessed at http://www.sanger.ac.uk/PostGenomics/S_pombe/microarray/.     

一种新型表面改性技术—等离子体增强电化学表面陶瓷化（PECC）

概述了等离子体增强电化学表面陶瓷化技术的原理,工艺,特点,陶瓷层性能,并展望了应用前景。     

Enforcing Geometrical Priors in Deep Networks for Semantic Segmentation Applied to Radiotherapy Planning

Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision - Incorporating prior knowledge into a segmentation process, whether it is geometrical constraints such as volume penalisation, (partial) convexity...     

加热炉对流段炉管外表面化学清洗技术

加热炉在长期运行后其对流段炉管外表面积聚了大量的污垢，大大降低了对流段炉管的传热性能。本文详细地介绍了炉管外表面化学清洗技术及应用情况，采用自行研究的清洗工艺和药剂，可以有效地清除对流段炉管外表面污垢。现场应用效果非常理想：清洗过程中不腐蚀炉管、不损害炉衬，清洗液对环境无污染，清洗后炉管见金属本色、外表基本无污垢；开工后烟气出口温度比清洗前降低50℃～90℃，加热炉热效率提高5％左右。     

Grain refinement of magnesium alloys

The literature on grain refinement of magnesium alloys is reviewed with regard to two broad groups of alloys: alloys that contain aluminum and alloys that do not contain aluminum. The alloys that are free of aluminum are generally very well refined by Zr master alloys. On the other hand, the understanding of grain refinement in aluminum bearing alloys is poor and in many cases confusing probably due to the interaction between impurity elements and aluminum in affecting the potency of nucleant particles. A grain refinement model that was developed for aluminum alloys is presented, which takes into account both alloy chemistry and nucleant particle potency. This model is applied to experimental data for a range of magnesium alloys. It is shown that by using this analytical approach, new information on the refinement of magnesium alloys is obtained as well as providing a method of characterizing the effectiveness of new refiners. The new information revealed by the model has identified new directions for further research. Future research needs to focus on gaining a better understanding of the detailed mechanisms by which refinement occurs and gathering data to improve our ability to predict grain refinement for particular combinations of alloy and impurity chemistry and nucleant particles. This article is based on a presentation made in the symposium entitled “Phase Transformations and Deformation in Magnesium Alloys,” which occurred during the Spring TMS meeting, March 14–17, 2004, in Charlotte, NC, under the auspices of ASM-MSCTS Phase Transformations Committee.     

Towards the reflective sports coach: issues of context, education and application

The current demands faced by elite sports coaches and the nature of their educational experiences are outlined. Examination of current approaches to coach education are considered in relation to research evidence which describes the key skills required in elite sports coaching. Recently, reflective practice has emerged as a key skill with which to enhance coach learning and increase the value of coaches' educational experiences. In tracing this emergence, this study analyses the use of reflective practice and learning strategies within six governing body award coaching programmes. Results indicate that none of the programmes examined contained structures or processes for directly teaching or overtly nurturing reflective skills. However, almost all programmes offered a potential structure for this through completion of a coaching log or undertaking a period of mentoring. Finally, recommendations are made to coach educators for developing reflection within coach education programme structures.     

测量氡析出率的驻极体收集法

本文描述了测量氡析出率的驻极体收集被动采样法。给出了对铀尾矿堆或建筑材料的部分测量结果。测量结果的可靠性由刻度程序保证,并在比对测量中得到检验。