Anaerobic digestion of alkaline black liquor using an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor

The anaerobic digestion of alkaline black liquor from a cereal straw pulping mill was studied in batch (serum bottles) and continuous systems (up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor—UASB). The batch digestion studies confirmed that lignin and related compounds (LRC) in the alkaline black liquor were the main inhibitory substances and could not be decomposed by anaerobic bacteria. At organic loading rates of 5–10 kg COD m^?3 day^?1, the UASB reactor achieved 50–60% COD removal efficiencies. Gas production was 2–3 dm³ per dm³ of alkaline black liquor. Two different sludge types were examined in the reactor: granular and cluster-like sludges. Sludge in a cluster, which involved many small granules and flocs, tended to form larger aggregates and possessed good settling ability.     

锡膏激光扫描三维测量系统光强自适应调节技术

根据锡膏激光扫描三维测量系统在测量PCB电路板时底板和锡膏对激光光强的散射效果不同,设计并研制了一套光强自适应调节光源。该光源以程控电源为基础,分析光条中心提取效果与激光光强的关系,应用小波分解与频带能量比相结合的光强自适应调节算法实现测量系统光强自适应调节功能。进行了相关实验,实验结果表明该光源能够很好地实现锡膏激光扫描三维测量系统的激光光强自适应调节,并能选出最适合测量的激光光强,具有很好的适用性。     

一种制做三维牙——颌骨光弹性模型的新方法

本文提出一种用“整体浇注法”制做三维牙——颌骨光弹性模型的新方法,即用价格便宜的石膏做阴模,先制出与真实牙几何相似的牙光弹性模型和模拟牙周膜的乳胶套,将它们粘接好,然后将其放入颌骨石膏阴模的适当位置,浇入环氧树脂混合液,用“二次固化法”进行固化,即可制成三维牙——颌骨整体光弹性模型。此法能保证模型与实物的严格几何相似和牙周的边界条件相似,使实验精度大大提高且工艺简单、成本低。     

Adsorption characteristics of hexadecyl ammonium with different numbers of carbon chains in montmorillonite and the structure of the prepared composites

Journal of Porous Materials - The dynamics and thermodynamics of adsorption of hexadecyl ammonium with different numbers of carbon chains in montmorillonite (Mt) with different layer charge density...     

17-4PH沉淀硬化不锈钢氮离子注入及其复合改性的研究

采用N+注入，N-C-O共渗结合N+注入的表面复合改性方法，探索强化17－4PH钢表面的有效途径，该方法赋予基体表面一定深度的改性范围与低摩擦系数，因而强化效果达到最佳。同时还探索了不同时效温度下，基体心部硬度变化的规律。     

锻压机械打击力测量误差的加速度补偿

提出了锻压机械打击力测量中存在的问题，介绍了常用的补偿法，并通过实验验证了加速度补偿法是消除锻压机械打击力测量误差的有效途径。     

160 t钢包翻包机结构与功能

新型钢包翻包机是九十年代从国外引进的一种专用设备,其以高效、安全、便捷等特点越来越多的应用于大型钢铁厂.本文介绍了160 t翻包机结构与功能.     

Properties of poly(n‐butyl methacrylate) prepared by reverse atom transfer radical polymerization in an aqueous dispersed system

Reverse atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of n‐butyl methacrylate (BMA) in waterborne media using Cu(II) complexes with azo initiators (i.e., reverse ATRP) was conducted. The influence of several factors, such as surfactant, catalyst, and reaction time, on the stability of the emulsion, the particle size, the morphology of the emulsion particles, and the control of the polymerization was investigated. The results showed great differences between ATRP and conventional emulsion polymerization, especially the nucleation mechanism and the kinetics. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 1542–1547, 2003     

In-situ studies of electron field emission of single carbon nanotubes inside the TEM

Electron field emission characteristics of individual multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were investigated in situ inside the transmission electron microscope (TEM). For a single MWCNT it was found that while field-emission can hardly occur from the side of the nanotube, a curved nanotube may result in finite side emission and the best emission geometry is the top emission geometry. Current-voltage (I-V) measurements made at different vacuum conditions and voltage sweeps emphasize the importance of the adsorbates on the electron field emission of MWCNTs. For a contaminated MWCNT, although the field emission current was reduced, the stability of its emission was improved. A current of up to several tens of μA was observed for a single MWCNT, but it was found that long time emission usually results in drastic structure damage that may lead to sudden emission failure.