激光诱导液相电极腐蚀新方法

提出了一种激光诱导液相腐蚀新方法—电极腐蚀法。电极腐蚀法是指进行激光化学液相腐蚀时,在腐蚀溶液中添加电极,以吸引反应中间离子脱离基片表面,实现腐蚀的持续稳定进行。理论分析和实验结果都表明,电极腐蚀法可以有效地加快激光腐蚀的进程;吸附在基片表面的离子在电极作用下,快速迁移出基片表面,保证了基片表面腐蚀溶液构成的稳定,进而得到更加均匀的腐蚀表面;利用电流随腐蚀速率变化而变化的特点,使腐蚀速率和深度的直接监控转变为对腐蚀电流的间接控制,简化腐蚀控制方法。基于以上优点,电极腐蚀法可以克服现有激光腐蚀方法的诸多弊端,改善激光腐蚀性能,在特殊结构光电器件的制作和半导体的微细加工中具有广阔的应用前景。     

BST薄膜漏电流温度特性研究

采用射频溅射制备Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3(BST)薄膜,研究了测试温度(295～375K)对BST薄膜J-V(电流密度-电压)特性的影响.实验发现:J∝Vm在低场下(V＜1.8V)m≈1,高场下(V＞1.8V)m≈8.随着测试温度升高,在低场下电流密度增大,指数m值保持不变;而在高场下电流密度减小,指数m值减小.通过进一步分析发现:电流密度和温度的关系在低场下满足lnJ∝-1T,在高场下满足logJ∝1t.     

铁矿烧结过程温室气体COx排放规律的研究

详细地对铁矿烧结过程温室气体COx排放规律进行了研究,结果表明:烧结过程温室气体COx排放变化情况能够很好地反映烧结过程固体燃料焦粉的燃烧状况,证明焦粉的燃烧是以生成CO2的完全燃烧反应为主,但仍有部分生成CO的未完全燃烧反应存在.烧结烟气中CO2浓度值降为零值时所对应的点与烧结废气温度为最大值有很好的对应关系,能很好地用于确定烧结终点.焦粉配比和碱度对烧结过程焦粉燃烧的影响也能明确地从温室气体COx的排放情况表现出来,而且,通过判断焦粉的燃烧状况,可以推测出烧结矿质量的优劣,用于指导烧结生产.     

Conditions of synthesis for PpIX

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective treat-ment for cancer[1-3].In PDT treatment ,a tumor-locali-zing photosensitizer is administered,and sti mulated bylight with special wavelengthtoinitiate a chemical reac-tionleadingto the death of tumor cells .I…     

水利工程管理体制改革若干问题及建议

水管体制改革是当前水利管理中的一项十分重要的工作。就安徽来说,省管工程管理体制改革进展较快,市县水管体制改革进展相对较慢、发展不平衡。本文就如何做好水管体制改革提出了具体意见。     

Role of Dorsomedial Hypothalamus GABAergic Neurons in Sleep–Wake States in Response to Changes in Ambient Temperature in Mice

Good sleep quality is essential for maintaining the body’s attention during wakefulness, which is easily affected by external factors such as an ambient temperature. However, the mechanism by which an ambient temperature influences sleep–wake behaviors remains unclear. The dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) has been reported to be involved in thermoregulation. It also receives projection from the preoptic area, which is an important region for sleep and energy homeostasis and the suprachiasmatic nucleus—a main control area of the clock rhythm. Therefore, we hypothesized that the DMH plays an important role in the regulation of sleep related to ambient temperatures. In this study, we found that cold exposure (24/20/16/12 °C) increased wakefulness and decreased non–rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, while warm exposure (32/36/40/44 °C) increased NREM sleep and decreased wakefulness compared to 28 °C conditions in wild-type mice. Then, using non-specific and specific apoptosis, we found that lesions of whole DMH neurons and DMH γ–aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic neurons induced by caspase-3 virus aggravated the fluctuation of core body temperature after warm exposure and attenuated the change in sleep–wake behaviors during cold and warm exposure. However, chemogenetic activation or inhibition of DMH GABAergic neurons did not affect the sleep–wake cycle. Collectively, our findings reveal an essential role of DMH GABAergic neurons in the regulation of sleep–wake behaviors elicited by a change in ambient temperature.     

Silk Sericin Enrichment through Electrodeposition and Carbonous Materials for the Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution

The recycling and reuse of biomass waste for the preparation of carbon-based adsorbents is a sustainable development strategy that has a positive environmental impact. It is well known that a large amount of silk sericin (SS) is dissolved in the wastewater from the silk industry. Utilizing the SS instead of discharging it into the environment without further treatment would reduce environmental and ecological problems. However, effective enrichment of the SS from the aqueous solution is a challenge. Here, with the help of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), which can form a gel structure under low voltage, an SS/CMCS hydrogel with SS as the major component was prepared via electrodeposition at a 3 V direct-current (DC) voltage for five minutes. Following a carbonization process, an SS-based adsorbent with good performance for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from an aqueous solution was prepared. Our results reveal that the SS/CMCS hydrogel maintains a porous architecture before and after carbonization. Such structure provides abundant adsorption sites facilitating the adsorption of MB molecules, with a maximum adsorptive capacity of 231.79 mg/g. In addition, it suggests that the adsorption is an exothermic process, has a good fit with the Langmuir model, and follows the intra-particle diffusion model. The presented work provides an economical and feasible path for the treatment of wastewater from dyeing and printing.     

Mechanisms of Pannexin 1 (PANX1) Channel Mechanosensitivity and Its Pathological Roles

Pannexins (PANX) were cloned based on their sequence homology to innexins (Inx), invertebrate gap junction proteins. Although there is no sequence homology between PANX and connexins (Cx), these proteins exhibit similar configurations. The PANX family has three members, PANX1, PANX2 and PANX3. Among them, PANX1 has been the most extensively studied. The PANX1 channels are activated by many factors, including high extracellular K⁺ ([K⁺]_e), high intracellular Ca²⁺ ([Ca²⁺]_i), Src family kinase (SFK)-mediated phosphorylation, caspase cleavage and mechanical stimuli. However, the mechanisms mediating this mechanosensitivity of PANX1 remain unknown. Both force-from-lipids and force-from-filaments models are proposed to explain the gating mechanisms of PANX1 channel mechanosensitivity. Finally, both the physiological and pathological roles of mechanosensitive PANX1 are discussed.     

基于软传感器的信息融合

为了利用”凝视视觉几何约束”的信息来确定移动机器人的位置和方位角,就需要解决数据融合的问题。”几何约束”不是来自真实传感器的直接可测量的数据,这种特殊形式的信息不能被直接融合。为此目的,该文提出了一种融合特殊形式信息的新途径,也即利用”软传感器”的方法来融合来自”几何约束”的信息。软传感器的输出与其它真实传感器的输出一起经过扩展信息滤波器最终实现融合。文中最后提供了利用该方法进行移动机器人定位的计算机仿真例子。仿真结果表明了软传感器信息融合方法的可行性和有效性。软传感器可以广泛应用在很多类似的信息融合问题中。     

计算机数字图像处理常用颜色空间及其转换

在图像的显示和数字图像处理过程中,考虑到图像输出效果及图像处理精度,需要根据不同的实际要求使用不同的颜色空间。阐述了数字图像处理过程中涉及到的和显示领域经常使用到的几个颜色空间,重点讨论了实际使用中RGB和HIS颜色空间的转换关系。