Accelerated testing of on‐board diagnostics

Modern products frequently feature monitors designed to detect actual or impending malfunctions. False alarms (Type I errors) or excessive delays in detecting real malfunctions (Type II errors) can seriously reduce monitor utility. Sound engineering practice includes physical evaluation of error rates. Type II error rates are relatively easy to evaluate empirically. However, adequate evaluation of a low Type I error rate is difficult without using accelerated testing concepts, inducing false alarms using artificially low thresholds and then selecting production thresholds by appropriate extrapolation, as outlined here. This acceleration methodology allows for informed determination of detection thresholds and confidence in monitor performance with substantial reductions over current alternatives in time and cost required for monitor development. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

燃气管线动态泄漏扩散的危险性分析

通过对燃气管线动态泄漏过程的分析,建立了动态泄漏率计算模型。以湍流扩散微分方程为基础,根据动态泄漏率不定常的特点,建立了燃气管线动态泄漏扩散模型。讨论分析了火灾爆炸的可能性危险范围和伤害性危险范围的参考标准和计算方法。在实际应用的基础上,对各种危险范围给予了讨论和分析,并对给定条件下的伤害及破坏范围给予了计算。这将为设立和制订高压长输管线和城市主要输运管道附近的重要建筑物(学校等)的修建安全距离提供安全标准和参考,同时也为降低事故可能造成的危害程度提供保障。     

Performance comparison between partial oxidation and methane steam reforming processes for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) micro combined heat and power (CHP) system

The aim of this research work is to describe in qualitative and quantitative form the performance of a micro Combined Heat and Power system for residential application based on Solid Oxide Fuel Cell fueled by natural gas with two different types of pre-reforming systems, namely Steam Reforming and Partial Oxidation and recirculation of anode and cathode gas.The comparative analysis among the different configurations will lead us to conclude that maximum efficiency is achieved when cathode and anode gas recirculation are used along with steam methane reforming. Further Steam Methane Reforming process produces a higher electrical system efficiency compared to Partial oxidation reforming process.Efficiency is affected when running the system in part load mode mainly due to heat loss, additional natural gas supplied to the burner to satisfy the required heat demand inside the system, and ejector efficiency drop in the recirculation system. Due to high temperature of operation heat loss strongly affects the system efficiency especially at part load operation.     

吉林省2000年特大旱灾成因浅析

本文根据2000年天文特点，通过列表，绘图等形式分析了2000年吉林省旱灾面积居全国之首的原因，并采用全国480多年实况来校核，同时建议应加强对旱灾分析预测，减灾对策研究的投资力度。     

火电厂在线能损分析优化系统

阐述了在火电厂引起在线能损分析优化系统的必要性和重要性，介绍了在线能损分析的具体方法以及该系统在能损分析以及优化指导方面的各种功能，它为火力发电企业节约能源，降低成本，提高经济效益提供了有力依据。     

Combined TPS, XPS, EXAFS, and NO-TPD study of the sulfiding of Mo/Al2O3

The sulfiding of Mo/Al₂O₃ in H₂S/Ar versus in H₂S/H₂ has been studied by temperature-programmed sulfiding (TPS), X-ray photon electron spectroscopy (XPS), extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), and temperature-programmed desorption of NO (NO-TPD). All the applied techniques agree on the sulfur content in the sulfided catalysts and the findings are in accord with a model for the H₂S production reaction. The nucleation and growth of well-ordered MoS₂ clusters are probed by XPS during sulfiding with and without the presence of hydrogen. The resulting dispersion of the MoS₂ phase is evaluated on the basis of XPS, EXAFS, and NO-TPD, and is found to be highest when the sulfiding occurs in the presence of hydrogen.     

Brownian Warps for Non-Rigid Registration

A Brownian motion model in the group of diffeomorphisms has been introduced as inducing a least committed prior on warps. This prior is source-destination symmetric, fulfills a natural semi-group property for warps, and with probability 1 creates invertible warps. Using this as a least committed prior, we formulate a Partial Differential Equation for obtaining the maximally likely warp given matching constraints derived from the images. We solve for the free boundary conditions, and the bias toward smaller areas in the finite domain setting. Furthermore, we demonstrate the technique on 2D images, and show that the obtained warps are also in practice source-destination symmetric and in an example on X-ray spine registration provides extrapolations from landmark point superior to those of spline solutions.