Influence of overt head movements on memory for valenced words: A case of conceptual-motor compatibility.

The present article reports 3 studies that demonstrate the influence of overt behavior on recognition and elucidates the theoretical basis for such an influence. In 2 experiments it was found that participants who were induced to nod while incidentally encoding positive and negative adjectives were more likely to recognize positive adjectives, whereas participants who were induced to shake their heads were more likely to recognize negative words. In a third experiment, with a double-task procedure, it was shown that when encoding was accompanied by head movements that were compatible with words, participants were better at performing the secondary task than when words and head movements were incompatible. These findings suggest that performing incompatible motoric and conceptual tasks concurrently requires more cognitive capacity. Where this capacity is allocated and when it is withdrawn depends on the characteristics of the task. Implications of this mechanism for different phenomena in social psychology (e.g., facial feedback and masking of emotional displays) are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Gesamtdruckabhängigkeit der Reduktion poriger Wüstitproben

Verschiedene Deutungen der Gesamtdruckabhängigkeit der Erzreduktion. Reduktionsversuche an porigen Wüstitkörpern aus teiloxydiertem Eisenschwamm mit definierter innerer Oberfläche und unterschiedlichen Porendurchmessern definierter Größe mit Wasserstoff-Stickstoff-Gemischen bei 800 °C im Bereich von 50 bis 700 Torr Gesamtgasdruck. Übergang zu Knudsenscher Diffusion in Mikroporen als Ursache der Druckabhängigkeit.     

Schutz der Haare vor Witterungseinflüssen durch Vitamin E

The Protection of Hair against Weathering with Vitamin E The long-term damage to hair from weathering was simulated by irradiation with artificial sunlight. Irradiation causes bleaching of brown hair strands and affects the mechanical stability of the hair fibers. By prophylactic treatment with a hair rinse containing vitamin E, the light-induced damage to the keratin is markedly reduced. In contrast to this, a hair rinse without vitamin E does not provide any protection against light. The inhibitory effect of vitamin E on light-induced hair damage is discussed on the basis of its antioxidant effect.     

The effect of global versus local processing styles on assimilation versus contrast in social judgment.

The authors propose a global/local processing style model (GLOMO) for assimilation and contrast effects in social judgment. GLOMO is based on Schwarz and Bless' (1992, 2007) inclusion-exclusion model, which suggests that when information is included into a category, assimilation occurs, whereas when information is excluded from a category, contrast occurs. According to GLOMO, inclusion versus exclusion should be influenced by whether people process information globally or locally. In 5 experiments, using both disambiguation and social comparison, the authors induced local versus global processing through perceptual tasks and time perspective and showed that global processing produced assimilation, whereas local processing produced contrast. The experiments showed that processing styles elicited in one task can carry over to other tasks and influence social judgments. Furthermore, they found that hemisphere activation and accessibility of judgment-consistent knowledge partially mediated these effects. Implications for current and classic models of social judgment are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Resonant tunneling in nanocolumns improved by quantum collimation

We report on a quantum collimation effect based on surface depletion regions in AlAs/GaAs nanocolumns with an embedded resonant tunneling structure. The considered MBE-grown nanodevices have been fabricated by means of a top-down approach that employs a reproducible lithographic definition of the vertical nanocolumns. By analyzing the scaling properties of these nanodevices, we discuss how a collimation effect due to a saddle point in the confining potential can explain an improved device performance of the ultimately scaled structures at room temperature.     

Bücherschau

Ohne Zusammenfassung VDI     

On the variance of gaussian quadrature formulae in the ultraspherical case

For ultraspherical weight functions ω_λ(x)=(1–x²)^λ–1/2, we prove asymptotic bounds and inequalities for the variance Var(Q _n ^G ) of the respective Gaussian quadrature formulae Q _n ^G . A consequence for a large class of more general weight functions ω and the respective Gaussian formulae is the following asymptotic result, $$\mathop {lim}\limits_{n \to \infty } n \cdot Var\left( {Q_n^G } \right) = \pi \int_{ - 1}^1 {\omega ^2 \left( x \right)\sqrt {1 - x^2 } dx.} $$      

Apolipoprotein A-I: Insights from redox proteomics for its role in neurodegeneration

Proteomics has a wide range of applications, including determination of differences in the proteome in terms of expression and post-translational protein modifications. Redox proteomics allows the identification of specific targets of protein oxidation in a biological sample. Using proteomic techniques, apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) has been found at decreased levels in subjects with a variety of neurodegenerative disorders including in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson disease (PD), and Down syndrome (DS) with gout subjects. ApoA-I plays roles in cholesterol transport and regulation of inflammation. Redox proteomics further showed ApoA-I to be highly oxidatively modified and particularly susceptible to modification by 4-hydroxy-2-trans-nonenal (HNE), a lipid peroxidation product. In the current review, we discuss the consequences of oxidation of ApoA-I in terms of neurodegeneration. ROS-associated chemotherapy related ApoA-I oxidation leads to elevation of peripheral levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) that can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) causing a signaling cascade that can contribute to neuronal death, likely a contributor to what patients refer to as “chemobrain.” Current evidence suggests ApoA-I to be a promising diagnostic marker as well as a potential target for therapeutic strategies in these neurodegenerative disorders.     

Leveraging community metadata for multimodal image?ranking

Searching for relevant images given a query term is an important task in nowadays large-scale community databases. The image ranking approach presented in this work represents an image collection as a graph that is built using a multimodal similarity measure based on visual features and user tags. We perform a random walk on this graph to find the most common images. Further we discuss several scalability issues of the proposed approach and show how in this framework queries can be answered fast. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the presented algorithm.     

Prozesswärmeerzeugung im heißen Bypass von RTO‐Anlagen versus separater Wärmeerzeugung

Plants for regenerative thermal oxidation (RTO) are used for detoxification of solvent‐containing exhaust gases. The achieved exhaust gas preheating temperatures enable over‐autothermal operation with only relatively low solvent loadings, so that a process heat decoupling can be implemented without additional fuel. If there is not enough process heat generated, the peak demand is usually generated by a direct‐fired boiler. It is demonstrated that it can be energetically favorable to generate the process heat only by the RTO – even by use of additional fuel.