面向聚类的平面反射数据扰动方法

面向聚类的数据隐藏通常使用数据扰动技术防止敏感信息泄露。针对现有的面向聚类的数据扰动方法隐私保护度低的问题,提出一种基于平面反射的数据扰动方法,将发布对象的全部属性两两配对构成平面上的点,再随机选择一条直线,作每对属性关于直线的对称点,转换后的数据即为发布的数据。实验结果表明,这种方法具有较好的隐私保护度和聚类可用性,且对高维数据有良好的适应性。     

生物综合毒性监测技术进展与多源生物预警体系

为进一步推动生物综合毒性监测技术的应用,对发光菌、藻类、溞类和鱼类作为指示生物进行生物综合毒性测试的研究进展进行了总结,分析了4种指示生物在综合毒性测试中的优点与不足,发现了不同指示生物在检测范围、检测时间及检测限方面存在的明显差异。研究结果表明:相对于现实复杂的污染物构成现状,单一指示生物难以全面、高效、客观地检测评价污染物的毒性,需要将4种指示生物进行联合预警,充分发挥不同指示生物的优势,才能达到最佳的预警效果。在已有研究的基础上提出了多源生物联合预警技术体系,并在丹江口水源区对17种常见典型污染物进行了测试研究。测试结果表明,多源生物预警技术能显著提高预警效率。     

复合型调湿涂料的研制及实验研究

将硅藻土做成乳胶型涂料，并得到了不同湿度下这种涂料的吸放湿性能曲线，但是吸放湿能力不是很理想。为了提高涂料的吸放湿能力，在基料中加入无机成膜物质制成硅藻土复合涂料，结果表明，通过复合，最大吸湿能力从6．5％提高到11％，最大放湿能力从5％提高到10％，并且确定了无机成膜物质的比例。复合涂料符合建筑涂料的常规性能要求，在调节湿度的同时克服了传统空调能耗高的缺点，具有很好的应用前景。     

对羟基苯乙酮的合成

参照弗瑞斯(Fries)重排反应合成了对羟基苯乙酮。对催化剂的用量和反应温度进行了研究,同时还进行了元素分析、红外光谱和质谱等鉴别。     

油水乳液分离吸附材料的分离原理、构建方法和分离性能

采用吸附材料进行油水分离是经济且非常有效的方法。吸附材料主要有无机材料、合成高分子材料和天然有机纤维材料等。相比较而言，天然有机纤维材料为可再生生物质资源，来源广泛、生物降解性好，可有效防止二次污染，具有良好的发展潜力，备受关注。本文首先简要介绍了油水乳液稳定性的影响因素，然后综述了油水分离材料的分离原理、构建方法和分离性能等研究进展，并总结了油水乳液分离材料的表征及其分离性能的评价指标。特别地，重点总结了天然有机纤维基吸附材料分离油水乳液的研究进展。最后指出研究智能响应型天然有机纤维基油水乳液分离吸附材料是重要的发展方向。     

巴西农药新政策促使农药迅速增长

1989年巴西农药市场销售记录为9.805亿美元,生产厂出口中间体和原药1.2亿美元,进口3.77亿美元。除草剂占市场总额51％,为5.07亿美元;杀虫剂销售额是2.23亿美元,占22％;杀菌剂为1.47亿美元,占15％;杀螨剂达0.9亿美元(9％),杀蚁剂仅0.11亿美元。     

C/C-SiC-HfC复合材料的微观结构及力学性能研究北大核心

采用炭纤维和陶瓷粉末混编技术将HfC粉引入到炭纤维预制体中,制备了含有HfC超高温陶瓷粉末的炭纤维预制体;随后采用化学气相渗透(CVI)和先驱体浸渍裂解工艺(PIP)制备了密度高达1.94 g/cm^(3)的C/C-SiC-HfC复合材料,分析了复合材料的微观结构及力学性能。结果表明,制备的复合材料主要由C、SiC及HfC等物相组成,复合材料的平均弯曲强度达到了78.3 MPa,平均压缩强度为127.9 MPa;断裂过程中,断口处出现明显的裂纹扩展、纤维拔出及脱粘现象,从而使得材料呈现出一定的假塑性断裂特征。     

Catalysis of Active Carbon Supporting Transition Metal Oxides for Pyrotechnical Reagent with Potassium Perchlorate

In order to improve the pyrotechnical reagent with potassium perchlorate,composite catalyst of active carbon supporting transition metal oxides (TMO),Fe2O3 and CuO,were prepared and added into pyrotechnical reagent with potassium perchlorate.Accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) was used to study the catalysis of pyrotechnical reagent which is consisted of potassium perchlorate and composite catalyst.Composite catalyst of both Fe2O3 and CuO supported by active carbon can catalyze pyrotechnical reagent with potassium perchlorate.Furthermore,it can lower the apparent activation energy and accelerate the reaction with a smaller quantity than that with Fe2O3 and CuO.The maximal reaction rate of pyrotechnical reagent with potassium perchlorate mixed with Fe2O3/active carbon and CuO/active carbon is 8.31 min-1 and 9.13 min-1,which is 1.74 times and 1.91 times of pyrotechnical reagent mixed with no catalyst;time to maximal rate was 18.99 min and 1.96 min respectively,which is lower than pyrotechnical reagent mixed with no catalyst by 86.46% and 98.67% ;the apparent activation energy is 368.10 kJ·mol-1 and 325.29 kJ·mol-1,which is lower than pyrotechnical reagent mixed with no catalyst by 31.89% and 39.81% respectively.     

Processing and properties of 2D SiC/SiC composites by precursor infiltration and pyrolysis

Two-dimensional plain-weave silicon carbide fiber fabric reinforced silicon carbide (2D-SiC/SiC) composites were molded by stacking method and densified through precursor infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) process. SiC coating was deposited as the fiber/matrix interphase layer by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique. Fiber/matrix debonding and relatively long fiber pullouts were observed on the fracture surfaces. Additionally, the flexural strength and elastic modulus of the composites with and without fiber/matrix interphase layer were investigated using three-point bending test and single-edge notched beam test. The results show that the fiber fraction and the porosity of 2D-SiC/SiC composites with and without coating are 27.2% (volume fraction) and 11.1%, and 40.7% (volume fraction) and 7.5%, respectively. And the flexural strength and elastic modulus of 2D-SiC/SiC composites with and without coating are 363.3 MPa and 127.8 GPa, and 180.2 MPa and 97.2 GPa, respectively. With a proper thickness, the coating can effectively adjust the fiber/matrix interface, thus causing a dramatic increase in the mechanical properties of the composites. Foundation item: Project(NCET-07-0228) support by the New Century Excellent Talents in University     

微波辅助提取柑橘皮中的挥发油

采用微波辅助提取柑橘皮中挥发油,其最佳提取条件为：30g柑橘皮粉末浸在60mL无水乙醇中,微波功率为300W,微波辐射时间为150s。采用溴加成法对挥发油进行定量分析,经测定挥发油的含量为2．77％。实验表明．微波法具有提取率较高、时间短、成本低和污染少等优点。