涡结构对小颗粒在圆管背风面碰撞分布的影响

针对锅炉管背风面飞灰沉积过程，采用数值模拟的方法进行了研究.对绕柱气相湍流的模拟采用了较新的分离涡模拟方法（detached eddy simulation, DES），通过对粒径为1～10 μm的颗粒在圆管背风面碰撞分布规律的计算发现背风面近壁区存在的主涡、二次涡和分离点附近小涡对颗粒在背风面的碰撞均有一定的影响.当速度较小时，随着粒径的增大，颗粒在背风面碰撞的质量逐渐增加，大颗粒在主涡和二次涡作用下均有较大的碰撞质量流量，而且二次涡的作用明显强于主涡；速度增加后，由背风面3种涡结构引起的颗粒碰撞量均有不同程度的减少，此时主涡的作用较强，而且二次涡引起的大颗粒碰撞量有明显减少.通过与实验测试结果进行对比检验，证明了数值模拟结果的准确性.     

Mathematical simulation of gas induced bath flow in drained aluminum reduction cell

A mathematical model describing the bubble driven bath flow in a drained cell with a center sump was presented, which spanned the fluid around half an anode and was developed to simulate the flow fields. The calculated results show reasonable agreement with the experiment. Then the model was developed to a full cell model, and bath flow pattern in the whole cell was predicted and analyzed. The flow pattern variation with the changes of the ACD, anode slope, anode immersion depth and current density, especially the fluid secondary recirculation, was modeled. According to the results, side channel or slots feeding technique was recommended in such a drained cell.     

采用惰性阳极和可润湿性阴极的新型铝电解槽

介绍了几种采用惰性阳极和可润湿性阴极的铝电解槽 ,尤其是对近年来美国专利中给出的采用炭素阳极或惰性阳极的导流槽、采用竖式电极的单极性和双极性电解槽以及料浆电解槽进行了详细的描述 ,并指出了它们各自结构的优缺点