Optimization of Root Section for Ultra-long Steam Turbine Rotor Blade

This study presents the comparison of aerodynamic performances of two successive designs of the root profiles for the ultra-long rotor blade equipped with a straight fir-tree dovetail. Since aerodynamic and strength requirements laid upon the root section design are contradictory, it is necessary to aerodynamically optimize the design within the limits given by the foremost strength requirements. The most limiting criterion of the static strength is the size of the blade cross-section, which is determined by the number of blades in a rotor and also by the shape and size of a blade dovetail. The aerodynamic design requires mainly the zero incidence angle at the inlet of a profile and in the ideal case ensures that the load does not exceed a limit load condition. Moreover, the typical root profile cascades are transonic with supersonic exit Mach number, therefore, the shape of a suction side and a trailing edge has to respect transonic expansion of a working gas. In this paper, the two variants of root section profile cascades are compared and the aerodynamic qualities of both variants are verified using CFD simulation and two mutually independent experimental methods of measurements (optical and pneumatic).     

江苏沿海地区第Ⅲ承压含水层动力场对人类活动的响应机制

第Ⅲ承压含水层作为江苏沿海地区的主开采层,超采问题普遍存在,已形成若干区域性地下水位降落漏斗,甚至引发淡水咸化、地面沉降等环境地质问题。为保证当地经济的可持续发展,在充分了解研究区水文地质条件的基础上,利用区域第Ⅲ承压含水层观测孔的多年水位监测资料,重点分析江苏沿海地区第Ⅲ承压含水层开发利用的2个阶段(超采阶段、控制开采和压缩开采阶段)地下水动力场的演变,从各水文地质区间界线的迁移、区域性降落漏斗及地下水水位动态等方面系统阐述了水动力场时空演化的6个发展过程(1990、1995、2000、2005、2010、2015年),发现主采层地下水动力场对开采活动的响应机制十分积极,地下水位对限采的响应机制多为滞后响应,滞后时间与水文地质参数、距漏斗中心距离有关。     

城市韧性配电网建设与发展路径

城市配电网是电网公司与用户之间的重要连接部分,是保证持续安全供电、维系经济稳定发展、确保社会正常运作的关键.随着城市建设的不断进步、规模的逐渐扩大以及越来越发达的信息化新兴技术,城市配电网系统更复杂、更开放,所面临的未知风险和不确定性因素也将愈加丰富.并且随着全球环境日趋恶劣,极端灾害发生日趋频繁,从而使得城市配电网在...     

Novel Bioassay Demonstrates Attraction of the White Potato Cyst Nematode Globodera Pallida (Stone) to Non-volatile and Volatile Host Plant Cues

Potato cyst nematodes (PCNs) are a major pest of solanaceous crops such as potatoes, tomatoes, and eggplants and have been widely studied over the last 30 years, with the majority of earlier studies focusing on the identification of natural hatching factors. As a novel approach, we focused instead on chemicals involved in nematode orientation towards its host plant. A new dual choice sand bioassay was designed to study nematode responses to potato root exudates (PRE). This bioassay, conducted together with a traditional hatching bioassay, showed that biologically active compounds that induce both hatching and attraction of PCNs can be collected by water extraction of incised potato roots. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that PCN also were attracted by potato root volatiles. Further work is needed to fully understand how PCNs use host plant chemical cues to orientate towards hosts. Nevertheless, the simple attraction assay used in this study provides an important tool for the identification of host-emitted attractants.     

A note on histamine levels in Turkish style fermented sausages

The histamine contents of Turkish style fermented sausages were determined on 46 samples of five different brands obtained from retail stores in Van in Turkey. Histamine was found in all samples in the range 19.64-87.47 mg/kg (mean 32.13 mg/kg). Histamine levels in the brands differed significantly (P<0.01). The results suggest that the histamine levels in the sausages were not hazardous in terms of public health although they may be a potential risk to sensitive individuals.     

低氧条件下生物反硝化过程中N2O的产量

利用SBR反应器,控制曝气量为0.3 L·min-1,通过改变N2∶O2比例,调节反硝化过程中DO浓度,以连续投加乙醇作为反硝化碳源,考察了低氧条件下NO-3N反硝化过程及N2O的产量。结果表明,DO对反硝化菌的活性具有明显的抑制作用。DO由0增至0.7 mg·L-1,NO-3N还原速率由18.12 mg N·(g MLSS)-1·h-1降至11.37 mg N·( gMLSS)-1·h-1,系统N2O产量由0.23 mg·L-1增至1.74 mg·L-1。其原因为：(1)较高的NO-2N浓度导致系统反硝化速率降低,N2O积累并释放;（2）DO对N2O还原酶活性具有明显的抑制作用。降低缺氧-好氧生物脱氮过程中缺氧反应器内部DO含量,是减少生物脱氮过程中N2O产量的关键因素。     

生物脱氮中N2O产生过程的微生物作用

N2O是一种重要的温室气体.微生物的生物硝化反硝化过程是N2O产生的主要来源.从微生物学的角度阐述了脱氮过程中N2O的产生过程,并分析了不同脱氮过程中各菌种对N2O产生过程的作用.硝化过程中N2O主要产生于氨氧化细菌的氨氧化过程,亚硝酸盐氧化细菌的存在可以减少N2O的产量;反硝化过程中亚硝酸盐的积累,低氧和碳源不足都会导致N2O产生量的增加;另外,其他一些参与氮循环的微生物也会产生N2O.文章最后给出了污水脱氮过程中N2O减量化的策略以及今后研究的方向.     

矿棉生产过程熔流质量流量的测量与研究

在矿棉生产中,终端产品的质量取决于纺丝机中的纤维化过程.一个非常重要的过程参数是来自于熔炉的熔流质量流量的波动.提出一种基于机器视觉技术测量熔流直径和流速从而测量熔流质量流量的方法.利用相关算法、通过测量两连续图像上熔流波动的传播距离测得流体速度.流体的波动是用气动系统产生的.生产现场的测量是通过与终端产品的重量比较而实现的.通过与生产现场的测量值结果进行比较,证明两者具有非常好的吻合度.     

张峰水库供水发电洞洞内埋管及电站厂房明管制安施工

文中详细介绍了张峰水库供水发电洞洞内埋管及电站厂房明管制作、安装及防腐措施.     

BiAlO_3基高温无铅压电陶瓷的研究进展

铝酸铋(BiAlO3)是近年发现的一种新型钙钛矿结构无铅压电材料,在-133℃到550℃的温度范围内不存在结构相变,适合作为高温压电器件材料使用.本文从理论计算,高压合成工艺和添加第二组元等方面归纳和分析了BiAlO3基无铅陶瓷的研究进展和趋势,评述了现有研究中存在的问题和不足,并对BiAlO3基无铅压电陶瓷今后的研究和发展提出一些建议.