THERMODYNAMICS OF BAINITIC TRANSFORMATION IN Cu-24 at.-% Al ALLOY

Two driving forces △G~((β_1)+α')and △G~(β_1→β_2+α)for the bainitic transformation have been calcu-lated for Cu-24 at.-% Al alloy.Results reveal △G~(β_1→α')>0 within the transformation tem-perature range 600—750 K.Therefore,the bainitic transformation cannot be initiated by theβ_1→α' shearing mechanism.On the other hand,the driving force △G~(β_1→β_2+α)to produce 5% ofthe α becomes negative only when the composition of the α satisfiesx_(Al)~α≤0.204 at 700 K or x_(Al)~α=0.209 at 750 K.So the bainitic transformation can only proceedby β_1→β_2+α diffusional reaction with different diffusion amount at different temperatures.     

汽车覆盖件冲压工艺/模具计算机辅助技术的发展现状

系统全面地论述了汽车覆盖件冲压模具数字化技术CAD／CAM／CAPP的发展现状，总结了目前存在的问题，并指出了未来的研究发展方向。     

Ni3Al中B和Mg的非平衡晶界共偏聚

在1023－1373K的初始温度和0.05-268.91K/s的冷速范围内，用Auger剖层分析确定含B和Mg的Ni3Al合金中B和Mg的非平衡晶界共偏聚行为，按照溶质－空位复合体迁移机制所导出的描述非平衡晶界偏聚的扩散速率方程解析表达式，很好地模拟了本实验结果，并确定了Ni3Al-B-Mg合金中B及B－空位复合体，Mg及Mg-空位复合体的扩散系数及复合体激活能。     

CREEP CRACK PROPAGATION IN CONVENTIONAL CAST AND DIRECTIONALLY SOLIDIFIED SUPERALLOY RENE 80

The creep crack propagation in superalloy René80 of two different microstructures,i.e.,equiaxed grain structure by conventional casting and columnar grain by directionalsolidification,was investigated under static load at 1123 K.The creep crack growth rate,da/dt,seems to be correlated with the stress intensity factor,K.The creep crack growth ratein the directionally solidified alloy is lower than that in the conventional cast alloy,owing tothe elimination of transverse grain boundaries.The effect of microstructure on creep crackpropagation has also been discussed.     

THERMODYNAMICS OF MARTENSITIC TRANSPORMATION IN β-Cu BASE ALLOYS

提出对β-Cu基合金热弹性马氏体相变的热力学处理。计算了Cu-Zn,Cu-Al及Cu-Zn-Al合金马氏体相变驱动力,T_0温度及M_s温度,M_s的计算值与实验值符合很好。母相有序降低Cu-Zn和Cu-Zn-Al的M_s,但升高Cu-Al的M_s(T_0)。并简介了两种估算非化学自由能的方法。     

(Ⅰ+Ⅱ)复合型氢致开裂的研究

本文研究了30CrMnSiA高强钢在纯Ⅰ型、纯Ⅱ型和(Ⅰ+Ⅱ)复合型加载条件下的氢致开裂。实验表明,在1NH_2SO_4溶液中预充氢的试件在上述加载条件下均表现出氢致脆性。纯Ⅱ型氢致开裂门槛值K_(ⅡH)/K_(ⅡX)=0.27,与纯Ⅰ型门槛值K_(ⅠH)/K_(ⅠX)=0.29基本相同,而在K_Ⅱ/K_Ⅰ比值为0.27,0.4和0.81时,(Ⅰ+Ⅱ)复合型氢致开裂门槛值分别为0.36,0.41和0.37,表明纯Ⅰ型和纯Ⅱ型具有更高的氢脆敏感性。最后用自Ⅰ型加载向Ⅱ型过渡时,三轴张力和塑性变形程度这二个矛盾因素对氢致开裂的共同作用解释了上述实验结果。     

ELECTRON MICROANALYSIS FOR LASER MELTED ZONE IN 45 STEEL WITH Fe-Ni-Cr COATING

The Fe-Ni-Cr coating laver has been alloyed with 45 steel base metal by transverse.flow typeCO_2 gas laser of maximum output 5kW.The characteristics of the melted zone and the es-sence of the“bright band”has been investigated using the electron microscopy.The resultsshow that the“bright band”belongs to the melted zone and is a vertical section of the planecrystal,The width of the“bright band”equals the height of the plane crystal,which decreaseswith the increase of laser beam scanning rate and the decrease of laser power.This has beenexplained in terms of constitutional supercooling G/R.     

A STUDY ON THE INITIAL CARBIDES FORMED DURING ISOTHERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF AUSTENITE IN CHROMIUM STEEL

采用X射线衍射法对七种铬钢进行了研究.进一步证实了关于铬钢中奥氏体等温分解过程和Cr/C比值有关的结果.采用新的观点进行解释. 同时还发现上述过程也和奥氏体的分解温度(或过冷度)有关(图3).Cr/C比值低的奥氏体在图3中所示之全部温度范围内,初期都形成(Fe,Cr)_3C.并且能够大致地预测Cr/C比值高的奥氏体初期在高温范围内将形成(Cr,Fe)_(23)C_6,在中温范围内将形成(Cr,Fe)_7C_3,在低温范围内将形成(Fe,Cr)_3C.Cr/C比值适中的奥氏体初期在高温和中温范围内都形成(Cr,Fe)_7C_3,在低温范围内形成(Fe,Cr)_3C. 并且初步认为在所有的情况下,都存在从一相至另一相的由两相构成的过渡区.     

THEORETICAL CALCULATION OF POINT DEFECTS IN Ni_3Al

Equilibrium equation of point defects in Ll_2 type intermetallic compounds was established tocalculate the relations of the concentration of antisite defects and vacancies and bulk composi-tion in Ni_3Al.The examination of temperature effects on the point defects cleared up the mis.understanding of the properties of the“constitutional point defects”in Ni_3Al.     

NiTi形状记忆合金的相变温度滞后

用透射电镜、正电子湮没和电阻测量,研究了NiTi形状记忆合金的组织结构与相变滞后的关系结果表明,经不同制度时效处理的组织,其相变温度滞后大小的顺序是:片状马氏体>R相>束状马氏体。Ti_(11)Ni_(14)相质点周围的共格应力场对这些相的可逆转变起障碍作用。正电子湮没Doppler展宽能谱S参数值与试样的温度滞后值之间存在线性关系,从而确认Ti_(11)Ni_(14)相析出的错配位错密度及由此而建立的晶体中弹性应力场分布是决定NiTi合金相变温度滞后的主要因素。