A semiempirical equation for temperature dependences of photoelectric parameters of a-Si: H solar cells

A semiempirical equation for the temperature dependences of the photoelectric parameters of a-Si: H solar cells is derived to explain the experimental results. Based on a comparison of the calculation results and experimental data, it is shown that the nonideality coefficient of the CVC of solar cells exhibits a weak temperature dependence.     

Secondary hydriding criteria under irradiation conditions

Reliable criteria of secondary hydriding failures are important to assure safe operation of nuclear fuel in LWR power units. The present paper reviews available data on massive hydriding of zirconium-based claddings covering out-of-pile studies and in-pile tests in research reactors. Analyses of these experimental data give evidence that threshold conditions leading to the onset of massive hydriding are drastically changed under irradiation. The changes are caused mainly by irradiation damage of oxygen sublattice in ZrO₂ by fission fragments leaving the periphery of fuel pellets. The tests in research reactors provide a basis to develop a parametric dependency which relates the threshold of massive hydriding to composition of steam-hydrogen mixture, irradiation dose rate and temperature.     

Characteristics of Tars in Crude Oils from the Nizhnekurinsk Region of The South Caspian Basin

The crude oil deposits in the Nizhnekurinsk region of Azerbaidzhan have been developed for approximately 60 years. They now represent 38% of the annual oil production for continental deposits in the Republic. In addition, this region has enormous resources for residual industrial and promising oil and gas reserves [1]. However, exhaustive chemical studies of crudes from this region only began in recent years [2,3].     

Waves in charged thin plates

The spectrum of bending waves of a thin conducting plate bearing an electric charge is investigated. It is proved that there exists a critical value of the field upon exceeding which bending instability of the plate occurs.     

The effect of modification technology on the pyroelectric properties of polymer-piezoceramic composites

The pyroelectric properties of polymer-pyroceramic composites with components premodified under the action of a barrier discharge plasma and the pyroelectric properties of composites crystallized under the simultaneous action of a barrier discharge plasma and temperature are studied. It is shown that the plasma-assisted crystallization technology is more efficient for improving the pyroelectric properties of the composites. Plasma-assisted crystallization provides a high and stable pyroelectric state if the activation energy of the local levels formed in the quasi-bandgap of the polymer phase is higher than the deorientation energy of the domains of the pyrophase of the composite.     

Phonon drag of electrons in Ag<Subscript>2</Subscript>S

The temperature dependences of the heat-conductivity coefficient χ and the thermopower 6h of Ag₂S are investigated in the range of 4.2–300 K. It is found that the value of 6h sharply increases (6h ∞ T^-3) with decreasing T at T < 100 K and passes through a maximum at 16–18 K. The heat-conductivity coefficient passes through a maximum at ≈30 K. The sharp increase in 6h is found to be caused by the effect of long-wavelength-phonon drag of electrons. It is shown that the shift of the 6h and χ peaks, as well as the temperature dependence of the phonon thermopower 6h_ph ∞ T^-3, agrees with the Herring theory.     

The effects of defects on electrical properties of Ag<Subscript>2</Subscript>S at phase transition

The temperature dependences of electrical conductivity σ(T) and the Hall coefficient R(T) in Ag₂S at the phase transition have been studied. Qualitative discrepancies in the changes in σ(T) and R(T) in the case of phase transition have been revealed; i.e., σ increases by several orders of magnitude while R decreases by a factor of 3–4. This is interpreted in the context of a model with two types of charge carriers and with variation in the band parameters and the concentration of defects formed at the phase transition taken into account.