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121.
Gottfried Arlt Ulrich Böttger Stefan Witte 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1995,78(4):1097-1100
Periodic domain configurations with alternating 180° and 90° domains are not completely mechanically clamped up to microwave frequencies. Above the acoustic resonance of the ferroelectric sample, therefore, the dielectric constant comprises contributions which can be attributed to the free dielectric constant. Up to microwave frequencies the domains are piezoelectrically active; they emit longitudinal and shear thickness waves into the surroundings which cause dielectric loss in the sample. The dielectric step from the free condition to the clamped condition at the relaxation frequency is on the order of Δε∼ 10–100. This step is much smaller than the step caused by the emission of shear waves from 90° domain walls. 相似文献
122.
123.
The knowledge of phase equilibria is an important step in the development of extraction processes. This knowledge is usually gained from experiments. However, this procedure is expensive when a suitable solvent has to be found for a specific separation. Therefore methods for predicting phase equilibria are needed. While formerly these methods were largely based on empirical assumptions, the use of the concept of local compositions by Wilson6 offers a semi-empirical approach.
There is one disadvantage of this approach: the parameters of models like UNIQUAC or NRTL have to be fitted to different types of data, to liquid-liquid equilibria (LLE) for the immiscible pairs of components and to vapour-liquid equilibria (VLE) or other data for the miscible pairs in a system with mutual solubility.
To demonstrate the problem we performed measurements in the binary systems: n-octane/aniline and methylcylohexane/aniline. of both liquid-liquid equilibrium and vapour-liquid equilibrium: for the second type of measurements ebulliomeiry was used. The prediction of LLE has been improved with two new concepts. One is based on the well-known UNIFAC method. The use of the Lyngby-Dorlmund data bank made it possible to determine a new parameter table merely based on LLE data.
The second method is based on common UNIQUAC parameters which have been determined with the data base. 相似文献
There is one disadvantage of this approach: the parameters of models like UNIQUAC or NRTL have to be fitted to different types of data, to liquid-liquid equilibria (LLE) for the immiscible pairs of components and to vapour-liquid equilibria (VLE) or other data for the miscible pairs in a system with mutual solubility.
To demonstrate the problem we performed measurements in the binary systems: n-octane/aniline and methylcylohexane/aniline. of both liquid-liquid equilibrium and vapour-liquid equilibrium: for the second type of measurements ebulliomeiry was used. The prediction of LLE has been improved with two new concepts. One is based on the well-known UNIFAC method. The use of the Lyngby-Dorlmund data bank made it possible to determine a new parameter table merely based on LLE data.
The second method is based on common UNIQUAC parameters which have been determined with the data base. 相似文献
124.
In this work, the possibility of the a priori predictive model COSMO‐RS to describe partitioning of pharmaceutically active compounds in the octanol‐water system (POW) in the presence of electrolytes is investigated. It is shown that the calculated values of POW depend on the pH and the ionic strength of the solution for both dissociated and non‐dissociated solutes. Whereas the partitioning of the non‐dissociated form in the presence of salts or buffers can be explicitly described by COSMO‐RS, the partitioning of the ionized pharmaceuticals is taken into account by their dissociation constants. Overall, reasonable agreement with experimental values is achieved. Principally, these types of calculations can be extended to other two‐phase systems used for extraction and formulations of pharmaceuticals and further organic solutes. 相似文献
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126.
Wolfgang Arlt Prof. 《化学,工程师,技术》2007,79(12):1989-1989
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130.
V Schumpelick G Arlt A Schlachetzki B Klosterhalfen 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,68(12):1297-1300
The implantation of a mesh is an essential step in laparoscopic inguinal hernia surgery. We present the case of a 22-year-old man who developed an unspecific and refractory syndrome of inguinal pain after a TAPP procedure for a primary inguinal hernia. Repeated reoperation for removement of clips and nerve transection were unsuccessful. By a transinguinal approach, 18 months after the first operation we removed a preperitoneal Prolene mesh which had shrunk and folded to 30% of its original size. The problem of biocompatibility of meshes currently used in inguinal hernia surgery is discussed. 相似文献