Ceramic Material Based on Acid Fluoride

A technology for producing a gypsum-ceramic material based on acid fluoride, which is an industrial chemical waste, is developed. The resulting material can be easily polished, does not accumulate static electricity, and has a surface texture resembling marble.     

Coefficients of active and passive pressure. Angles of collapse and bulging with seismic actions

This article gives the most general and accurate solution, within the framework of the hypothesis of flat sliding surfaces, for computing coefficients of active and passive pressure, and angles of collapse and bulging, with a forward or reverse direction of contact friction forces, generalized for the case of any direction of seismic actions.Translated from Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov, No. 2, pp. 2–4, March–April, 1992.     

Interaction between a ferromagnet and a high-temperature superconductor at the interface in thin-film heterostructures

The development of high-temperature superconductor (HTSC)/ferromagnet thin-film heterostructures is a promising direction in their application to spin-wave electronics. The state of the HTSC-ferromagnet interface determines the nature of the propagation of the surface magnetostatic waves in the heterostructure. The formation of the HTSC films in the heterostructures involves thermal treatment at high temperatures, which results in the diffusion interaction of the HTSC films and the ferromagnet. The heterostructure consists of a YBa₂Cu₃O_7−x HTSC film deposited by pyrolysis on an Y₃Fe₅O₁₂ ferromagnetic film grown epitaxially on a (111)-oriented gadolinum-gallium garnet Gd₃Ga₅O₁₂ substrate. The interdiffusion is studied from the intensity distribution curves of the x rays of iron (Fe), barium (Ba), copper (Cu), and silver (Ag), the last introduced into the HTSC in the amounts of 5–50 wt.%. The thin-film heterostructures are studied in the microwave range. A correlation is found between the state of the interface and the microwave characteristics. Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 23, 69–73 (June 26, 1997)     

Calculating viscous incompressible flow past an elliptical cylinder on a parallel computer

An algorithm developed for a parallel computer is described. The algorithm has been simulated on an ES-1060 machine, and the results are compared with those obtained on BÉSM-6 computer.Translated from Kibernetika, No. 1, pp. 64–68, January–February, 1990.     

Pulsed phase-type distance meter using a solid-state laser

Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 11, pp. 39–41, November, 1990.     

A study of the catalytic steam cracking of heavy crude oil in the presence of a dispersed molybdenum-containing catalyst

The features of the steam cracking of heavy crude oil in the presence of a dispersed molybdenumcontaining catalyst are studied. The effect of water, the catalyst, and process conditions on the composition and properties of the products of the thermal conversion of heavy crude oil is determined in experiments on thermal cracking, steam cracking, catalytic cracking in the absence of water, and hydrocracking. A complex analysis of the resulting products is conducted; the catalyst-containing solid residue (coke) has been studied by XRD and HRTEM. The effect of the process temperature (425 and 450°C) and time on the yields and properties of the resulting products is studied. The efficiencies of hydrocracking and steam cracking for the production of upgraded low-viscosity semisynthetic oil are compared; the fundamental changes that occur in the catalyst during the studied processes are discussed. Some assumptions about the principle of the catalytic action of the molybdenum-containing catalyst in the steam cracking process are made.     

Kinetics of the hydrotreatment of rapeseed oil fatty acid triglycerides under mild conditions

To establish principal regularities of the hydrotreatment of rapeseed oil fatty acid triglycerides (FATs), the kinetics of this process has been studied at temperatures of 300–380°C, contact times of 0.38–0.10 h, and a hydrogen pressure of 1.0 MPa in a flow fixed-bed reactor. The process is performed over nonsulfided nickel catalysts, which are of great practical interest for the production of green diesel. The kinetic scheme of the process with consideration for target products (alkanes) and all oxygen-containing by-products has been proposed. The quantitative estimate, which enables the prediction of the composition of products for other process conditions, has been obtained for the principal paths of the hydrotreatment of rapeseed oil FATs.     

An estimate of the accuracy of object positioning using the mobile communications infrastructure

An estimate of the limit accuracy and the possible construction of an autonomous object positioning system using the mobile communications infrastructure (relay towers, cellphones, and additional measuring systems) without constantly making use of satellite navigation systems are presented. It is shown that, using such a system, one can determine the position of objects with an error of 10–20 mm.