A multisource energy harvesting utilizing highly efficient ferroelectric PMN-PT single crystal

This paper demonstrates a multi-source energy harvester that is able to utilize simultaneously both piezoelectric and pyroelectric effects in lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT) single crystal. The paper presents a study of PMN-PT single crystal with a (67:33) composition grown in our laboratory via a vertical gradient freeze method without any flux. The performance of the piezoelectric and pyroelectric energy harvester using unimorph device structure was evaluated via modeling and experiment. The theoretical study was implemented based on a distributed parameter electromechanical model and the modelling procedure was approximated using finite element analysis to predict the electromechanical behavior of the harvester. The maximum power density at a resonance frequency of 50 Hz and optimum resistance of 2 MΩ was 16.7 nW/(g² cm³) under a 1 g acceleration of vibration. The measured values of electrical output parameters were in good agreement with theoretical and modelling results using MATLAB and COMSOL Multiphysics, respectively. By using the pyroelectric effect along with the piezoelectric effect, the output voltage of the energy harvester was found to be enhanced at the optimum resistance and specific frequency values. It was noticed that the output voltage was increased monotonically with temperature-difference (ΔT) and reaches up to 180 % of its original value under temperature difference of 1.7 °C at a frequency value of 49 Hz.     

干湿循环作用下钢筋混凝土氯离子侵蚀与寿命预测

在已有水泥混凝土氯离子侵蚀模型基础上,综合考虑外部环境因素(温度、湿度、风速)与混凝土自身条件(龄期、氯离子吸附效应)对非饱和混凝土氯离子侵蚀的影响,建立干湿循环下混凝土氯离子传输模型并进行实验验证。根据运算的复杂程度对Fib Model Code模型进行优化,建立干湿循环作用下钢筋混凝土寿命预测模型,可为实际工况下受氯离子侵蚀钢筋混凝土材料设计与寿命预估提供参考。     

Algebraic approach to linking the semantics of web services

Web services have become more and more important in these years, and BPEL4WS (BPEL) is a de facto standard for the web service composition and orchestration. It contains several distinct features, including the scope-based compensation and fault handling mechanism. We have considered the operational semantics and denotational semantics for BPEL, where a set of algebraic laws can be achieved via these two models, respectively. In this paper, we consider the inverse work, deriving the operational semantics and denotational semantics from algebraic semantics for BPEL. In our model, we introduce four types of typical programs, by which every program can be expressed as the summation of these four types. Based on the algebraic semantics, the strategy for deriving the operational semantics is provided and a transition system is derived by strict proof. This can be considered as the soundness exploration for the operational semantics based on the algebraic semantics. Further, the equivalence between the derivation strategy and the derived transition system is explored, which can be considered as the completeness of the operational semantics. Finally, the derivation of the denotational semantics from algebraic semantics is explored, which can support to reason about more program properties easily.     

Linking denotational semantics with operational semantics for web services

Web Services have become more and more important in these years, and BPEL4WS (BPEL) is a de facto standard for the web service composition and orchestration. It contains several distinct features, including the scope-based compensation and fault handling mechanism. The denotational semantics and operational semantics have been explored for BPEL. The two semantic models should be consistent. This paper considers the linking of these two semantics. Our approach is to derive the denotational semantics from operational semantics for BPEL, which aims for the consistency of the two models. Moreover, the derivation can be applied in exploring the program equivalence easily, especially for parallel programs.     

Formal Versus Agile: Survival of the Fittest

Many research have focused on new formal methods, integrating formal methods into agile ones, and assessing the agility of formal methods. This paper proves that formal methods can survive in an agile world; they are not obsolete and can be integrated into it. The potential for combining agile and formal methods holds promise. It might not always be an easy partnership, and succeeding will depend on a fruitful interchange of expertise between the two communities. Conducting a realistic trial project using a combined approach with an appropriate formal methods tool in a controlled environment will help assess the effectiveness of such an approach.     

Fe-Ga磁致伸缩位移传感器驱动电流位置调整与回波速度校正

通过对传统Fe￣Ga磁致伸缩位移传感器驱动脉冲电流输入端位置的改进,降低了驱动脉冲电流噪声对检测线圈输出电压的影响,并使检测线圈输出电压信噪比由15.5 dB提高至23.7 dB。基于应力波无阻尼反射原理提出一种新的回波速度校正法,确立了回波速度与波导丝长度、应力波传播时间、反射波传播时间的数学关系,并给出此表达式适用的驱动脉冲电流频率范围。制作了样机,通过实验验证了此方法最大位移测量误差减小到原来的1/5,为Fe￣Ga磁致伸缩位移传感器输出性能研究提供了理论依据。     

考虑混凝土坝位移动力突变盲点的安全监控模型

针对坝体位移时间序列中出现数据跳跃的现象,基于动力学互关因子指数法与云模型理论,提出了一种能准确辨识大坝位移时间序列中动力突变盲点位置的诊断方法,并构建了考虑动力突变盲点的混凝土坝位移安全监控模型。基于不确定性动力系统对大坝位移的演化分析,综合运用相空间重构、云模型及小波分析等数值处理方法,从所辨识数值序列中的动力突变盲点出发,研究了对大坝工作性态转异进行预测诊断的方法。工程实例表明,该方法能找准对应位移的动力突变盲点,可避免动力突变盲点对大坝位移序列的不利影响,提高了大坝位移安全监控模型的可靠性和科学性。