Five-Year Report of the Policy and Planning Board, 1994.

Presents a 5 yr retrospective report by the Policy and Planning Board of the American Psychological Association (APA). Trends in membership, finances, and ethical and legal issues are discussed. Specific accomplishments and developments of the 4 directorates (Science, Education, Public Interest, and Practice) are highlighted. The relationship between the APA and state and provincial psychological associations has continued to grow in size and influence. Similarly, divisions within APA have grown and their relationships to APA have changed and clarified within the past 5 yrs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Annual report of the Policy and Planning Board: 1984.

The Policy and Planning (P&P) Board met three times in 1984. It held two regular business meetings in Washington, D.C., in the APA building—one in February and the other in November. It conducted its annual deliberative retreat meeting in May in Old Town Alexandria, Virginia. This report presents highlights of P&P Board activities for 1984. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Distinguished scientific awards for an early career contribution to psychology: 1985.

The Early Career Awards, given for the first time in 1974, recognize the large number of excellent young psychologists. Recipients of this award may not have held a PhD for more than eight years. For purposes of this award, psychology has been divided into nine areas: human learning/cognition, psychopathology, physiological animal learning/behavior, personality, developmental social sensation/perception, and applied research. Three areas are considered each year, with areas rotated in three-year cycles. The areas considered for awards in 1985 were animal learning/behavior, personality, and developmental. Every year, panels are selected for the areas under consideration, and these panels recommend nominees to the Committee on Scientific Awards. For 1985, two individuals split the award in developmental psychology. Mark Rosenzweig, chair of the committee, presented each winner with a check and a citation recognizing her or his contribution. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Distinguished scientific award for the applications of psychology.

The Distinguished Scientific Award for the Applications of Psychology is presented to a person who has made distinguished theoretical or empirical advances leading to the understanding or amelioration of important practical problems. This year's winner is Joseph V. Brady. Brady is recognized for sustained innovative and insightful contributions to behavioral pharmacology, behavioral physiology, and behavioral medicine. In addition, his work has encompassed basic neuroanatomy and endocrinology, as well as the integrative activity of behavior in simulated space environments. A citation, biography, and selected bibliography of Brady's works are presented. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Award for Distinguished Professional Contributions: W. Grant Dahlstrom.

Cites W. Grant Dahlstrom for the American Psychological Association Award for Distinguished Professional Contributions. Dahlstrom is cited for his empirical work in personality assessment and psychopathology. He is widely known as one of the world's preeminent authorities on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). Recently, he has been a major figure in the MMPI Restandardization Project that has resulted in the MMPI—2. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

卫星通信高速数据传输纠错技术新进展

本文扼要介绍最近卫星通信高速数据传输中采用纠错编译码技术的新进展,说明120Mb/s TDMA/DSI系统中BCH(128,112)码,45Mb/s IDR R3/4 Viterbi译码,以及70Mb/s卷积码与Reed-Soloman码级联等三种典型纠错的生成多项式,并行编译码技术及性能。它们对于卫星通信传输高速数字图像信号是非常有用的。     

Awards for Distinguished Contribution to Psychology in the Public Interest.

The Board for the Advancement of Psychology in the Public Interest presents two awards annually to persons who, in the estimation of the Committee on Psychology in the Public lnterest Awards, have advanced psychology as a science and/or profession by a single extraordinary achievement or a lifetime of outstanding contributions in the public interest. One award is presented to a senior psychologist, and the other recognizes a psychologist who has made a significant contribution to the public interest less than 15 years after the receipt of her or his degree. The winners for 1994 are Robert Q. Pollard and Durand F. Jacobs. Their accomplishments are cited and biographies are provided. The winners since the establishment of the award are also listed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Distinguished Scientific Awards for an Early Career Contribution to Psychology: James Patrick Connell.

The Early Career Awards, given for the first time in 1974, recognize the large number of excellent young psychologists. Recipients of this award may not have held a PhD for more than nine years. For purposes of this award, psychology has been divided into nine areas: human learning and cognition, psychopathology, physiological animal learning and behavior, personality, developmental social sensation and perception, and applied research. Three areas are considered each year, with areas rotated in three-year cycles. The areas considered in 1988 were animal learning, behavior, and ethology; personality; and developmental. This year's recipient in the developmental area is James Patrick Connell. Connell is cited for his use of sophisticated analytic procedures to explicate rich, complex representations of developmental changes and individual differences in motivational processes across the life span. He has proposed a reconceptualization of attachment-system functioning and presented a new component-process approach for examining parent-infant attachment data. In addition to the citation, a biography and selected bibliography of Connell's works are included. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Metabolic interactions of putative cytochrome P4503A substrates with alternative pathways of dapsone metabolism in human liver microsomes

The cytochrome P4503A (CYP3A) subfamily of enzymes are responsible for the metabolism of a large number of endogenous and exogenous compounds, and activation of some procarcinogens; but the activity is not well understood. N-Hydroxylation of dapsone in human liver microsomes has been shown to be mediated largely by CYP3A4. We have also observed the formation of an as yet unidentified metabolite of dapsone, whose formation is inhibited by antibody to CYP3A4, by these microsomes. This study investigated the influence of various (22) CYP3A putative substrates on the formation of both metabolites of dapsone in human liver microsomes. The compounds fall into four different categories on the basis of the pattern of their inhibitory interaction with the formation of both metabolites: those that inhibited both metabolites; those that inhibited N-hydroxylamine alone; those that inhibited the unidentified metabolite alone; and those with no significant effect on either metabolite. Some others were stimulatory. These results are consistent with two alternative but not mutually exclusive hypotheses: 1) different isoforms of CYP3A are involved in the formation of the alternative metabolites and the pattern of interaction observed was caused by the particular isoform(s) that each compound interacted with; or 2) formation of the alternative metabolites is a result of dapsone's interaction with and orientation at the enzyme's active site and the pattern of interaction observed is a consequence of changes in orientation caused by these compounds. This study provides relevant observations that must be considered in understanding mechanisms of CYP3A-mediated metabolism.     

Saul Sternberg.

Saul Sternberg is recognized for his achievements in psychology. This article provides a citation explaining his accomplishments, a biography and a selected bibliography. The citation is as follows: "For his uniquely powerful, creative, and elegant research on human information processing. He has contributed immensely influential experimental procedures, analytical techniques, and theoretical models. These include the Sternberg memory-scanning paradigm, the additivefactor method for analyzing reaction-time data, and the serial exhaustive search model. Their impact has fostered a revolution in the study of perception, memory, attention, and motor control, while setting new standards of scientific rigor. Publications of his work have also exhibited a clarity of style and grace seldom, if ever, achieved by other authors. The field has likewise benefitted greatly from his dedicated service on the boards of numerous professional societies and journals." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)