类氖钼基态到（n＝3，4）88个能级的碰撞强度

采用“快速”扭曲波方法和程序ＭＣＤＷ（九）,计算了类氖钼基态到８８个（ｎ４）激发态能级的电子碰撞激发截面,并与国外完全相对论理论数据进行了详细比较,一般差别在１０％左右,表明作者发展与建立的一套方法和程序不仅实现了“快速”计算而且有相当高的精度。     

Reversible inactivation of purified leukocyte integrin CR3 (CD11b/CD18, alpha m beta 2) by removal of divalent cations from a cryptic site

Integrins exhibit reversible changes in their ability to bind ligands and these changes enable transient cell adhesion. We recently showed that leukocyte integrin CR3 (complement receptor type three, CD11b/CD18, alpha m beta 2) may be purified in a form that is either capable or incapable of binding soluble, monomeric ligand and that "inactive" CR3 may be rendered capable of binding ligand by addition of an anti-CR3 mAb known as KIM-127 (Cai and Wright, JBC. 270: 14358, 1995). Here, we demonstrate that active CR3 may be rendered inactive by treatment of immobilized receptor with EDTA. EDTA-treated CR3 failed to bind ligand even in the presence of mM Ca2+ and Mg2+, suggesting that EDTA-treatment caused a change in the receptor that is not readily reversed. EDTA-treated receptor did, however, bind ligand upon addition of KIM-127 plus Mg2+ with an affinity (17.8 +/- 4.5 nM) similar to untreated, active receptor (12.5 +/- 4.7 nM). EDTA-treated CR3 thus exhibits the properties of inactive CR3, in which the ligand binding site is cryptic but subject to exposure by KIM-127. A candidate for the cryptic ligand binding site is the I-domain, a Mg2+-binding region in the alpha chain of CR3. We found that monomeric C3bi binds directly to recombinant I-domain in a Mg(2+)-dependent fashion with an affinity of 300 +/- 113 nM. These results thus suggest that CR3 may be inactivated by removing tightly bound divalent cation from a cryptic site in CR3.     

复合结构混合永磁电机抗退磁性能分析及优化

针对传统稀土永磁电机的稀土永磁材料用量高的问题,本文提出一种由钕铁硼和铁氧体混合永磁的交替极加局部Halbach结构的少稀土永磁同步电机,分析了该复合结构混合永磁电机的结构特点。比较分析了该电机与传统一字型钕铁硼稀土永磁电机的电磁性能,并依据退磁特性建立了该电机的局部退磁有限元模型,通过磁路耦合联合仿真对电机多运行工况进行了仿真,针对高速弱磁和变载运行工况下电机局部退磁的性能损耗,以提高永磁体工作点和降低退磁率为优化目标,给出了该电机的抗退磁优化设计方案。仿真结果验证了所提电机结构的合理性,电机抗退磁性能较优化前提升了10.3%。     

计及电价不确定性和容量衰减的电动汽车充放电商业模式

电动汽车作为移动储能设施,可以通过开展车网协同,促进电力系统的稳定。随着电动汽车的迅速发展,如何设计电动汽车充放电的商业模式成为亟须解决的问题。鉴于此,设计了电动汽车聚合商单独参与现货市场、联合参与现货市场及辅助服务市场2种模式。同时,考虑到电价不确定性和电池容量衰减的影响,对2种模式开展经济性测算和多因素敏感性分析。算例结果表明,电动汽车聚合商联合参与现货市场及辅助服务市场模式的经济性要优于单独参与现货市场模式。在该研究结果的基础上,设计现阶段电动汽车聚合商参与电力市场的商业方案。     

计及分布式电源注入谐波的单相接地故障联合选线

随着配电网线路安全运行要求的提高,分布式电源注入的谐波会使得现有的选线方法失效,且单一判据的故障选线方法愈加难以胜任复杂配电网系统发生单相接地故障后的选线工作。因此文中提出了计及分布式电源注入谐波的谐振接地系统单相接地故障联合选线。针对谐振接地系统中出现单相接地故障后,故障线路与健全线路的暂态零序电流相位、周期变化不同的特点,先根据低频周期差异用多尺度交叉样本熵计算暂态零序电流,再根据高频相位差异用加权暂态能量法及同步挤压小波变换计算高频暂态零序电流的重构误差。此外,使用加权暂态能量法控制计算量并通过多尺度交叉样本熵、加权暂态能量和重构误差3个判据判定故障线路。实验结果显示,文中的联合选线法受不同故障条件的影响小,准确性高,抗干扰性强。     

基于TRNSYS的气候变化下“冷-热-电”联供系统运行优化

气候变化导致的极端天气给建筑负荷和冷、热、电联供(combined cooling heating and power, CCHP)系统供能策略带来很大的影响,以上海市某医院为主要研究对象,采用PRECIS软件预测该地区2025至2100年的温度变化,利用TRNSYS软件搭建医院能耗模型计算气候变化影响下的全年逐时负荷,构建了考虑负荷变化影响的“冷-热-电”联供系统运行优化模型,最终生成适应气候变化的供能系统运行方案。负荷预测结果表明,极端高温现象导致建筑的冷、热负荷呈现波动变化趋势,可能造成供需失衡,即夏季高温制冷不足和冬天暖冬供暖过剩的问题。与传统优化模型相比,该模型生成的系统协同运行方案可以增强用户体验,实现降本增效。     

智能汽车拟人驾驶风险量化方法研究

驾驶风险量化评估对智能汽车拟人驾驶决策至关重要,针对复杂多任务场景下的驾驶风险量化问题,提出了一种基于 人类风险感知机理的智能汽车驾驶风险量化方法。 首先,利用传感器获取驾驶场景周围环境信息与行驶状态信息,并根据人类 驾驶经验对潜在冲突因素赋值代价,生成驾驶场景代价地图;其次,根据车辆运动状态与拟人驾驶的基本原则,利用高斯函数建 立动态风险模型;最后,结合驾驶场景代价图与动态风险模型实时计算拟人驾驶风险量化值。 仿真结果表明,提出的方法能够 基于人类驾驶经验,计算出动态变化的驾驶风险量化值,应用于智能汽车自动驾驶决策,可产生拟人驾驶行为。     

基于超程时间测量的电磁继电器故障检测

针对现有电磁继电器隐性故障检测率较低的问题,提出一种基于超程时间测量的电磁继电器故障检测方法。首先,通过离线优化获取最优模糊阈值,然后应用线性回归方法,对超程时间监测数据进行在线预测,并利用拟合误差将预测值扩展为预测区间;其次,根据最优模糊阈值,将监测数据和预测区间分别转换为当前和预测故障证据,利用区间证据推理迭代融合积累、当前、预测3种故障证据,获取更新后的积累故障证据;最后,按照故障判据,由积累故障证据得到继电器故障检测结果。所提方法充分考虑了继电器隐性故障的渐变性特征以及超程时间测量过程所包含的不确定性,使故障证据更贴近于继电器实际工况。实验结果表明,与现有方法相比,所提方法在证据准确性和收敛速度上具有显著优势,能够有效提升电磁继电器隐性故障的检测精度。     

Surface Control and Electrical Tuning of MXene Electrode for Flexible Self-Powered Human–Machine Interaction

MXene materials emerge as promising candidates for energy harvesting and storage application. In this study, the effect of the surface chemistry on the work function of MXenes, which determines the performance of MXene-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), is elucidated. First-principles calculations reveal that the surface functional group greatly influences MXene work function:  OH termination reduces the work function with respect to that of bare surface, while  F and  Cl increase it. Then, work functions are experimentally determined by Kelvin probe force microscopy. The MXene prepared by gentle etching at 40 °C for 48 h (GE_40/48) has the largest work function. Furthermore, an electron-cloud potential-well model is established to explain the mechanism of electron emission-dominated charge transfer and assemble a triboelectric device to verify experimentally its conclusions. It is found that GE_40/48 has the best performance with a 281 V open-circuit voltage, 9.7 µA short-current current, and storing 1.019 µC of charge, which is consistent with the model. Last, a patterned TENG is demonstrated for self-powered human–machine interaction application. This finding enhances the understanding of the inherent mechanism between the surface structure and the output performance of MXene-based TENG, which can be applied to other TENG based on 2D materials.     

A Conductive 2D Conjugated Tetrathia[8]circulene-Based Nickel Metal–Organic Framework for Energy Storage

Herein, a novel D₄ symmetrical redox-active ligand tetrathia[8]circulene-2,3,5,6,8,9,11,12-octaol (8OH-TTC) is designed and synthesized, which coordinates with Ni²⁺ ions to construct a 2D conductive metal-organic framework (2D c-MOF) named Ni-TTC. Ni-TTC exhibits typical semiconducting properties with electrical conductivity up to ≈1.0 S m⁻¹ at 298 K. Furthermore, magnetism measurements show the paramagnetic property of Ni-TTC with strong antiferromagnetic coupling due to the presence of semiquinone ligand radicals and Ni²⁺ sites. In virtue of its decent electrical conductivity and good redox activity, the gravimetric capacitance of Ni-TTC is up to 249 F g⁻¹ at a discharge rate of 0.2 A g⁻¹, which demonstrates the potential of tetrathia[8]circulene-based redox-active 2D c-MOFs in energy storage applications.