Intelligent Drug Delivery by Peptide-Based Dual-Function Micelles

To endow the polymeric prodrug with smart properties through a safe and simple method, matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) responsive peptide GPLGVRGDG was introduced into the block copolymer to prepare TPGS₃₃₅₀-GPLGVRGDG-DOX&DOX micelles, where TPGS₃₃₅₀ is D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 3350 succinate. During the doxorubicin delivery, the cleavage of the peptide chain triggers de-PEGylation, and the remaining VRGDG sequence was retained on the surface of the micelles, which can act as a ligand to facilitate cell uptake. Moreover, the cytotoxicity of TPGS₃₃₅₀-GPLGVRGDG-DOX&DOX micelles against 4T1 cells was significantly improved, compared with TPGS₃₃₅₀-GPLGVRG-DOX&DOX micelles and TPGS₃₃₅₀-DOX&DOX micelles. During in vivo studies, TPGS₃₃₅₀-GPLGVRGDG-DOX&DOX micelles exhibited good anticancer efficacy with long circulation in the body and more efficient accumulation at the tumor site. Therefore, TPGS₃₃₅₀-GPLGVRGDG-DOX&DOX micelles have improved antitumor activity and reduced toxic side effects. This work opens new potential for exploring the strategy of drug delivery in clinical applications.     

Identification and Functional Analysis of Key Autophosphorylation Residues of Arabidopsis Senescence Associated Receptor-like Kinase

Reversible protein phosphorylation mediated by protein kinases and phosphatases plays important roles in the regulation of leaf senescence. We previously reported that the senescence-associated leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase AtSARK autophosphorylates on both serine/threonine and tyrosine residues and functions as a positive regulator of Arabidopsis leaf senescence; the senescence-suppressed protein phosphatase SSPP interacts with and dephosphorylates the cytoplasmic domain of AtSARK, thereby negatively regulating leaf senescence. Here, 27 autophosphorylation residues of AtSARK were revealed by mass spectrometry analysis, and six of them, including two Ser, two Thr, and two Tyr residues, were further found to be important for the biological functions of AtSARK. All site-directed mutations of these six residues that resulted in decreased autophosphorylation level of AtSARK could significantly inhibit AtSARK-induced leaf senescence. In addition, mutations mimicking the dephosphorylation form of Ser384 (S384A) or the phosphorylation form of Tyr413 (Y413E) substantially reduced the interaction between AtSARK and SSPP. All results suggest that autophosphorylation of AtSARK is essential for its functions in promoting leaf senescence. The possible roles of S384 and Y413 residues in fine-tuning the interaction between AtSARK and SSPP are discussed herein.     

pTrace: 一种面向可控云计算的DDoS攻击源控制技术

当前,越来越多的分布式拒绝服务(distributed denial of service, DDoS)攻击的攻击源迁移至云中,给云计算的可控性及整个网络空间的安全带来了严重挑战.然而关于有效控制云中该类攻击源的研究还比较缺乏.为此设计了一种面向可控云计算的DDoS攻击源控制系统pTrace,该系统包括入口流量过滤inFilter和恶意进程溯源mpTrace两部分.其中,inFilter过滤伪造源地址信息的数据包;mpTrace先识别攻击流及其源地址信息,依据源地址信息追溯并管控发送攻击流的恶意进程.在Openstack和Xen环境下实现了pTrace的原型系统,分析及实验表明,inFilter可以有效地防止含有虚假源地址信息的DDoS攻击包流出云外;当攻击流速率约为正常流量的2.5倍时,mpTrace即可正确识别攻击流信息,并可在ms级的时间内正确追溯攻击流量发送进程.该方法有效控制了位于云中的DDoS攻击源,减小了对云内傀儡租户及云外攻击目标的影响.     

常带宽服务器混合任务低功耗调度算法

针对包含有截止期限限制的周期任务和有响应时间要求的非周期任务的实时系统混合任务集,提出常带宽服务器混合任务低功耗调度算法(constant bandwidth server mix task low power scheduling algorithm, CBSMTLPSA).该算法是2阶段调度算法,并且结合了动态电压调节(dynamic voltage scaling, DVS)技术和动态功耗管理(dynamic power management, DPM)技术.离线阶段确定任务的离线速度,充分利用处理器的资源;在线阶段通过回收周期任务提早完成的空闲时间以及服务器产生的空闲时间,利用DVS技术调节处理器的运行速度,并且当处理器处于空闲状态时,判断是否使用DPM技术以达到进一步降低能耗的目的.仿真实验表明所提出的CBSMTLPSA算法比CBS/DRA-W(constant bandwidth server for dynamic reclaim algorithm base workload)算法节约6.02%～34.14%的能耗;CBSMTLPSA算法的能耗与非周期任务的响应时间的乘积比CBS/DRA-W算法低5.86%～34.06%.     

A simple analytical model to predict liquid unloading in the horizontal gas well

An accurate prediction of the critical gas velocity for the liquid loading is of great importance for operators to select the tubing diameter for the newly dril...     

A Novel Robust Zero-Watermarking Algorithm for Audio Based on Sparse Representation

Behind the prevalence of multimedia tech-nology, digital copyright disputes are becoming in-creasingly serious. The digital watermarking pre-vention technique a...     

Nanoparticle–Cartilage Interaction: Pathology?Based Intra?articular Drug Delivery for Osteoarthritis Therapy

Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent chronic and debilitating joint disease, resulting in huge medical and socioeconomic burdens. Intra-articular administration...     

铁饱和条件下铁与Fe2O3间的固相反应

采用扩散偶的方法,对铁与Fe₂O₃间的固相反应进行了研究,结果表明,两者间的产物层主要在Fe₂O₃一侧形成,而且与铁在空气中氧化不同,呈现出混合状结构;在铁饱和的条件下,Fe₂O₃转化的最终产物是Fe_xO(x<1)。