Verfahren und Betriebsmittel der Oberflächenbehandlung im Holzmöbelbau

Zusammenfassung Die Verfahren der neuzeitlichen Oberfl?chenbehandlung, wie sie nach dem jetzigen Stand der Technik in der M?belindustrie angewendet werden, wurden beschrieben. Der erste Arbeitsgang ist das H?rten, anschlie?end erfolgt das F?rben oder das Beizen und darauf das Mattieren. H?rten und Mattieren erfolgt meist durch Walzen. Die Herstellung blanker Fl?chen (poliert) ist bei den jetzigen Verfahren eine abbauende Technik, die von einem Lackfilm von 60 bis 130 μ Dicke ausgeht. Die Auftragsverfahren Kaltspritzen, Hei?spritzen und Walzen dienen zur Herstellung dieses Lackfilmes. Das wirtschafstlichste ist z. Z. das Walzen. Die Herstellung des Hochglanzes erfolgt teils durch Polieren, teils durch Schwabbeln. Anschlie?end folgt die Beschreibung der Betriebsmittel für diese Verfahren. Schlie?lich wird die Lacktrocknung skizziert.     

Human operant heart rate conditioning: The importance of individual differences.

Respiratory, somatic-muscular, and CNS responses have all been suggested as possible mediators of operant heart rate changes. A review of studies concerned with each proposed mediator indicates that such responses can mediate heart rate change, but no studies have demonstrated the necessity for such mediation. Current hypotheses concerning mediating variables appear to oversimplify the complex interactions of autonomic and CNS modalities. A review of research on physiological patterns of response during stress, classical conditioning, and avoidance conditioning indicates that there are considerable individual differences in automatic and CNS responses during those tasks. It is suggested that individual differences in physiological responding also occur during operant heart rate conditioning and that E's should utilize such differences in constructing models of events that might mediate operant heart rate changes. (21/2 p ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Combination of LC/TOF-MS and LC/Ion trap MS/MS for the identification of diphenhydramine in sediment samples

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) is a popular over-the-counter antihistaminic medication used for the treatment of allergies. After consumption, excretion, and subsequent discharge from wastewater treatment plants, it is possible that diphenhydramine will be found in environmental sediments due to its hydrophobicity (log P = 3.27). This work describes a methodology for the first unequivocal determination of diphenhydramine bound to environmental sediments. The drug is removed from the sediments by accelerated solvent extraction and then analyzed by liquid chromatography with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer and an ion trap mass spectrometer. This combination of techniques provided unequivocal identification and confirmation of diphenhydramine in two sediment samples. The accurate mass measurements of the protonated molecules were m/z 256.1703 and 256.1696 compared to the calculated mass of m/z 256.1701, resulting in errors of 0.8 and 2.3 ppm. This mass accuracy was sufficient to verify the elemental composition of diphenhydramine in each sample. Furthermore, accurate mass measurements of the primary fragment ion were obtained. This work is the first application of time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the identification of diphenhydramine and shows the accumulation of an over-the-counter medication in aquatic sediments at five different locations.     

Die qualitativen Reaktionen des Wasserstoffsuperoxyds und deren Anwendbarkeit bei Gegenwart von Milch

Ohne ZusammenfassungMitteilung aus dem chemischen Institut der Königl. Tierärztlichen Hochschule zu Hannover.     

Organic Spin‐Valves and Beyond: Spin Injection and Transport in Organic Semiconductors and the Effect of Interfacial Engineering

Since the first observation of the spin‐valve effect through organic semiconductors, efforts to realize novel spintronic technologies based on organic semiconductors have been rapidly growing. However, a complete understanding of spin‐polarized carrier injection and transport in organic semiconductors is still lacking and under debate. For example, there is still no clear understanding of major spin‐flip mechanisms in organic semiconductors and the role of hybrid metal–organic interfaces in spin injection. Recent findings suggest that organic single crystals can provide spin‐transport media with much less structural disorder relative to organic thin films, thus reducing momentum scattering. Additionally, modification of the band energetics, morphology, and even spin magnetic moment at the metal–organic interface by interface engineering can greatly impact the efficiency of spin‐polarized carrier injection. Here, progress on efficient spin‐polarized carrier injection into organic semiconductors from ferromagnetic metals by using various interface engineering techniques is presented, such as inserting a metallic interlayer, a molecular self‐assembled monolayer (SAM), and a ballistic carrier emitter. In addition, efforts to realize long spin transport in single‐crystalline organic semiconductors are discussed. The focus here is on understanding and maximizing spin‐polarized carrier injection and transport in organic semiconductors and insight is provided for the realization of emerging organic spintronics technologies.     

A Next-Generation Hard X-Ray Nanoprobe Beamline for In Situ Studies of Energy Materials and Devices

The Advanced Photon Source is developing a suite of new X-ray beamlines to study materials and devices across many length scales and under real conditions. One of the flagship beamlines of the APS upgrade is the In Situ Nanoprobe (ISN) beamline, which will provide in situ and operando characterization of advanced energy materials and devices under varying temperatures, gas ambients, and applied fields, at previously unavailable spatial resolution and throughput. Examples of materials systems include inorganic and organic photovoltaic systems, advanced battery systems, fuel cell components, nanoelectronic devices, advanced building materials and other scientifically and technologically relevant systems. To characterize these systems at very high spatial resolution and trace sensitivity, the ISN will use both nanofocusing mirrors and diffractive optics to achieve spots sizes as small as 20 nm. Nanofocusing mirrors in Kirkpatrick–Baez geometry will provide several orders of magnitude increase in photon flux at a spatial resolution of 50 nm. Diffractive optics such as zone plates and/or multilayer Laue lenses will provide a highest spatial resolution of 20 nm. Coherent diffraction methods will be used to study even small specimen features with sub-10 nm relevant length scale. A high-throughput data acquisition system will be employed to significantly increase operations efficiency and usability of the instrument. The ISN will provide full spectroscopy capabilities to study the chemical state of most materials in the periodic table, and enable X-ray fluorescence tomography. In situ electrical characterization will enable operando studies of energy and electronic devices such as photovoltaic systems and batteries. We describe the optical concept for the ISN beamline, the technical design, and the approach for enabling a broad variety of in situ studies. We furthermore discuss the application of hard X-ray microscopy to study defects in multi-crystalline solar cells, one of the lines of inquiries for which the ISN is being developed.     

Sexual arousal in male pigtailed monkeys (Macaca nemestrina): Effects of serial matings by two males.

Examined male sexual arousal in 4 vasectomized male and 3 intact multiparous female pigtailed monkeys with the postejaculatory interval (PEI) used as the dependent variable. 12 paired trials were conducted in which a male and female copulated, the 1st male was removed and a 2nd male was or was not allowed to copulate with the female, and the 1st male was again permitted to copulate with the female. In male–female pairs, the PEI was shortened by 60% of normal (control) values if the male observed another male copulating with his female partner. Results demonstrate that the normal PEI is not an absolute male refractory period; males are capable of copulating sooner, and they will do so when presented with certain behavioral stimuli. A long PEI may prevent males from disrupting their own plugs prematurely, whereas a short PEI may result from a premature disruption of the plug by another male. (19 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)