Prevention groups: Today and tomorrow.

This closing article for the special issue lists some of the challenges facing group psychologists as they seek to expand prevention group theory. The role of reading failure in early elementary is highlighted, as are the Spartan Mentor Program with high school students and the group model to promote prevention of HIV/AIDS with adolescents. To aid in workplace prevention, this article also describes the Coping with Work and Family Stress Project. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A decision-theoretic approach to the use of appropriateness measurement for detecting invalid test and scale scores.

In psychological measurement it is important to determine when a particular examinee's test or scale score provides an invalid measure of the trait or attitude being assessed. In this article we present several quantitative indices that have been found to effectively identify some types of inappropriate scores. These measures, termed appropriateness indices, are all derived from item response theory. They are computed directly from the item responses that are combined to form the test or scale of interest; information from other scales or tests is not needed. A decision-theoretic approach to the use of appropriateness indices in selection decisions and theoretical research is introduced. An example is then presented to illustrate how researchers can use appropriateness indices. Finally, we discuss policy options that are available for dealing with individuals who are identified as having inappropriate scores. (27 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Operationalizing Gestalt therapy's processes of experiential organization.

Developed a coding system to operationalize the Gestalt therapy formulation of experiential organization and used the scale to test the assumption that each member of an interacting couple is influenced by concurrent organization of experience processes of the other. 20 couples (at least 1 member was an undergraduate student) who had lived together for at least 6 mo were rated. Findings support the reliability of the procedure, but data do not reflect adequate levels of usage along the full range of the scale. (17 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Feral travel and the transport field: Some observations on the politics of regulating skating in Tasmania

Abstract

This paper summarises skating regulation around Australia, focusing on Tasmania. Such analysis is timely; the Australian Road Rules adopted in December 1999 expand skating from recreation to a mode of transport whose legitimacy assumes access to roads and footpaths, and deploys complex politics of identity and space, citizenship and access, and mobility.     

Anticipated affective consequences of physical activity adoption and maintenance.

Objective: The expected emotional consequences of future actions are thought to play an important role in health behavior change. This research examined whether anticipated affective consequences of success and failure vary across stages of physical activity change and differentially predict physical activity adoption as compared to maintenance. Design: Using a prospective design over a 3-month period, a community sample of 329 healthy, middle-aged adults were assessed at 2 time points. Main Outcome Measures: Anticipated positive and negative emotions, stage of behavior change (precontemplation [PC], contemplation [C], preparation [P], action [A], maintenance [M]), and level of physical activity. Results: At baseline, anticipated positive emotions were greater in C versus PC, whereas anticipated negative emotions were greater in M versus A and in M versus P. Higher anticipated positive but not negative emotions predicted physical activity adoption and maintenance after 3 months. Conclusion: Although the expected affective consequences of future success and failure differentiated among individuals in the early and later stages of physical activity change, respectively; only the anticipated affective consequences of success predicted future behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

颠覆与创造 诺基亚摩登波普系列四款新机

2008年6月26日，诺基亚在俄罗斯莫斯科发布了—个全新的产品系列——Supemova（摩登波普）系列。它试图用一种新的方式去迎合潮流人群的风格。其混合用色的亮丽色彩以及随心换彩壳，都足以让消费者展现出不同寻常的个人风格。这就好比最近比较热门的两部影片《功夫熊猫》和《赤壁》一样，它们在颠覆着我们的视觉神经，     

Age differences and the identity negative priming effect: An updated meta-analysis.

A recent meta-analysis (P. Verbaeghen & L. De Meersman, 1998a) revealed that older adults show a reliable but significantly reduced negative priming effect compared with young adults. The present study provides an updated quantitative review on the effect of aging on the magnitude of the negative priming effect in identity tasks. This analysis demonstrated that the negative priming effect was not significantly different between young and old adults. This result differs from P. Verhaeghen and L. De Meersman's study. The implications of this finding for inhibitory-based theories of cognitive aging are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)