Service overlay networks: SLAs, QoS, and bandwidth provisioning

We advocate the notion of service overlay network (SON) as an effective means to address some of the issues, in particular, end-to-end quality of service (QoS), plaguing the current Internet, and to facilitate the creation and deployment of value-added Internet services such as VoIP, Video-on-Demand, and other emerging QoS-sensitive services. The SON purchases bandwidth with certain QoS guarantees from the individual network domains via bilateral service level agreement (SLA) to build a logical end-to-end service delivery infrastructure on top of the existing data transport networks. Via a service contract, users directly pay the SON for using the value-added services provided by the SON. In this paper, we study the bandwidth provisioning problem for a SON which buys bandwidth from the underlying network domains to provide end-to-end value-added QoS sensitive services such as VoIP and Video-on-Demand. A key problem in the SON deployment is the problem of bandwidth provisioning, which is critical to cost recovery in deploying and operating the value-added services over the SON. The paper is devoted to the study of this problem. We formulate the bandwidth provisioning problem mathematically, taking various factors such as SLA, service QoS, traffic demand distributions, and bandwidth costs. Analytical models and approximate solutions are developed for both static and dynamic bandwidth provisioning. Numerical studies are also performed to illustrate the properties of the proposed solutions and demonstrate the effect of traffic demand distributions and bandwidth costs on SON bandwidth provisioning.     

中国移动共建铁塔标准化设计研究

本文结合工信部联通[2008]235号文,对已完成的铁塔标准化设计的共建场景和范围进行了深入分析,针对不能满足需求的场景进行了调研分析,提出并完成了共建铁塔标准化设计的范围和技术经济指标,最终将其纳入铁塔标准化体系。     

MAC Protocols for Distributed Cooperative Communication Networks

Distributed cooperative networks use the cooperation among nodes to fulfill network resource sharing. However,designing an efficient Media Access Control (MAC) protocol is a key issue for the distributed cooperative network. Based on the principle of MAC-layer cooperation,this paper discusses problems and challenges for MAC protocol design in the distributed cooperative network. Through the analysis of typical cooperative MAC protocols and their performance,this paper concludes that only a reasonable MAC pr...     

基于FPGA的芯片功能性验证自动化实现

针对传统半导体设计流程中对MCU芯片进行功能性验证时涉及到多个芯片之间的互联,手工操作连接十分烦琐且易出现错误,介绍了一种基于FPGA的MCU引脚自动互联的设计与实现.介绍了MCU模块功能性验证自动化实现的概念,从硬件逻辑角度给出了一种解决方法,并且从FPGA模块设计、功能仿真和系统实现等方面,证明了新的测试方法不但降低了人为操作错误的可能性,而且提高了模块功能验证的覆盖率和验证效率,大大缩短了产品的上市时间.     

3G系统中基于业务特性深度识别的应用

本文提出了一种第三代移动通信系统中基于业务深度识别的应用解决方案。该方案包含核心网进行业务类型深度识别并开展差异化的内容计费,和无线接入网运营商业务运营策略进行差异化的无线资源调度。通过该技术方案的引入,大大提升运营商精细化运营的能力,同时提升用户在无线网络中的感受度。     

Low power clock recovery circuit for passive HF RFID tag

A low power clock recovery circuit for passive HF RFID tag is presented. The proposed clock recovery circuit, based on the architecture of Phase Locked Loop (PLL), is used to generate a stable system clock when communication occurs from interrogator to tag with 100% ASK modulation. An envelope detector is designed to detect the incident power from interrogator and control the operating state of the proposed clock recovery circuit. Loop bandwidth of PLL circuits is minimized to reduce the frequency deviation when operating in frequency maintaining state. Furthermore, an initialization circuit for loop filter is also used to speed up locking during initial system power-on-reset. Prototype chips have been fabricated in 0.35 μm 2P4M CMOS technology. A total current consumption of 3 μA has been achieved in the frequency maintaining state. Measurement results show that, when communication occurs from interrogator to tag with 100% ASK modulation, clock recovery circuit generates a stable and consecutive system clock and has an inevitable frequency derivation of 7.5% when operating in frequency maintaining state.     

Methodology for Analyzing Strain States During <Emphasis Type="Italic">In Situ</Emphasis> Thermomechanical Cycling in Individual Lead-Free Solder Joints Using Synchrotron Radiation

To examine how a lead-free solder joint deforms in a thermal cycling environment, both the elastic and plastic stress and strain behavior must be understood. Methods to identify evolution of the internal strain (stress) state during thermal cycling are described. A slice of a package containing a single row of solder joints was thermally cycled from 0°C to 100°C with a period of about 1 h with concurrent acquisition of transmission Laue patterns using synchrotron radiation. These results indicated that most joints are single crystals, with some being multicrystals with no more than a few Sn grain orientations. Laue patterns were analyzed to estimate local strains in different crystal directions at different temperatures during a thermal cycle. While the strains perpendicular to various crystal planes all vary in a similar way, the magnitude of strain varies. The specimens were subsequently given several hundred additional thermal cycles and measured again to assess changes in the crystal orientations. These results show that modest changes in crystal orientations occur during thermal cycling.     

高可靠电阻式触摸屏的研制

用高温烧结工艺制作的高可靠五线电阻式触摸屏,因ITO方阻更均匀、电极电阻更稳定,而具有更高的线性度和可靠性,可实现在较宽的温度范围内长期工作无漂移.介绍了这种新型五线触摸屏的主要工艺流程、技术难题、关键技术和产品优点.     

GSM与WCDMA互操作策略及应用分析

GSM与WCDMA网络之间的互操作是3G网络基于2G网络渐进发展的主要特征之一,是运营商投资效益最大化的必要保证,积极开展双网互操作策略研究及应用实践成为现阶段中国联通网络优化的重点所在,文章结合现网实际应用情况对互操作策略进行了探讨。