Valence-induced effects on the electrical properties of NiMn2O4 ceramics with different Ni sources

Spinel-structured NiMn₂O₄ ceramics, with different valence Ni sources, were originally prepared using Ni₂O₃ and NiO as raw materials, and the effects of different valence Ni sources on their electrical properties were first investigated. XRD patterns show that both Ni₂O₃-based and NiO-based NiMn₂O₄ ceramics are single cubic spinel structures. SEM/EDS images indicate that the NiMn₂O₄ ceramics exhibited high density at the experiment-determined sintering temperatures. XPS results and Raman drifts prove that the Ni valence-induced changes in Mn ions at B sites played a significant role in the electrical properties and thermal stability of NiMn₂O₄ ceramics. Compared with NiO-based NiMn₂O₄, the resistivity at 25°C (ρ_25°C) of Ni₂O₃-based NiMn₂O₄ increased dramatically from 3109 to 106958 Ω cm, the thermal constant (B_25/50) increased from 3264 to 4473 K, and the resistance shifts after annealing for 1000 h at 150°C decreased from 0.80% to 0.74%. The investigation of the relationship between the material properties and valence of Ni sources has provided a new and effective way for designing the spinel-structured negative temperature coefficient (NTC) materials by modulating the valence of ions at A sites in the raw materials.     

Electro-reduction of Cu2O to Cu in urea/1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride

Journal of Applied Electrochemistry - Urea/1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (urea-EMIC) was developed to electrodeposit Cu from Cu2O at room temperature. Density, viscosity and conductivity of...     

Differences in electrochemical corrosion behaviours between selective laser melted and wrought Ti6Al4V alloys in acid fluoride-containing artificial saliva

Journal of Applied Electrochemistry - In this work, the electrochemical corrosion behaviours of selective laser melted (SLMed) and wrought Ti6Al4V alloys in acid fluoride-containing artificial...     

Prestructured MXene fillers with uniform channels to enhance CO2 selective permeation in mixed matrix membranes

The packing pattern of two-dimensional (2D) sheet-like fillers in membranes is relatively random, leading to the unfavorable permeability from tortuous diffusion pathway. A new strategy that using prestructured materials with uniform channels as fillers was proposed. In this work, Ti₃AlC₂ is etched to prepare multilayered MXene (m-MXene), the channels aggregate as a whole unit, ensure the impossibility of ineffective packing compared with traditional individual sheets, largely facilitating the selective permeation. Then, the m-MXene/Poly (amide-6-b-ethylene oxide) (Pebax) MMMs are synthesized. SEM images demonstrate the accordion shaped structure of filler, which is the multi-channels laminates. Furthermore, the results of gas permeation test exhibit enhanced performance of m-MXene/Pebax MMMs. MMM with 0.5 wt.% m-MXene behaved best, CO₂ permeability of 86.22 Barrer as well as CO₂/N₂ selectivity of 104.85, transcending the Robeson upper bound (2008). Having distinct enhancement for CO₂ separation, the m-MXene/Pebax MMMs in this work offer prospective practical applications.     

Effect of particle size on flame retardancy and mechanical properties of hydroxyethyl diphosphate modified aluminum hydroxide intrinsic polyethylene terephthalate

Organic–inorganic hybrid flame retardant was obtained by modifying aluminum hydroxide with different particle size with 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid. The structure of the organic–inorganic hybrid flame retardant is characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy, while ¹H-NMR spectroscopy only characterizes specific samples. The thermal stability and flame retardancy of the samples were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis, limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical combustion of UL-94 and cone calorimeter. The results show that the modified 10 μm aluminum hydroxide has a better effect than the 25 μm aluminum hydroxide and 100 nm aluminum hydroxide. Compared with pure polyethylene terephthalate (PET), the LOI value of the best sample is increased by 24.4%, and UL-94 V reaches V-0 level. Heat release rate, total heat release rate, and carbon monoxide production rate decreased by 45.8%, 33.2%, and 41.5%, respectively, compared to pure PET. The results showed that the aluminum hydroxide with a particle size of 10 μm exhibited the best flame retardant effect, which could be attributed to the decomposition of organic phosphoric acid and the dehydration of aluminum hydroxide, yielding a higher amount of residual carbon.     

模具型腔的精密加工

通过分析仿形和NC切削加工的特点，提出了构建一种系统，将两有机地结合起来，以适应模具的精密加工。接着对模具型腔表面研磨及抛光的方法进行分析比较，提出将各种方法加以组合的思路来提高加工效率。     

动态控制的低应力无变形焊接新技术

在成功地研究并开发了薄壁构件低应力无变形焊接新技术的基础上，把靠预置温度场静态控制焊接应力与变形的方法发展到动态控制法。这一新构思所形成的动态控制焊接应力与变形的新技术的原理在于：不再依赖预置温度场，而是直接利用电弧在薄壁构件上所形成的焊接温度，建立一个特殊构造的热潭跟随电弧，板成“热源－热潭“多源系统，在熔池后的高温焊缝区产生强烈的局部急冷拉伸作用，控制和补偿焊接时产生的压缩塑性变形，达到薄壁构     

大直径无心磨金刚石砂轮制作及修整工艺研究

大直径无心磨砂轮（一般指直径D≥500mm，厚度H≥150mm）制造工艺一直是难点，具体表现在制造过程成品率低，性能难以满足要求。本文对大直径无心磨金刚石砂轮的制造工艺进行分析和讨论，提出一套完整可行制造工艺，具体包括：通过采用梯度粒度提高粗糙度，改进工艺配方提高自锐性，对实际制造过程中注意问题进行较全面分析以提高制造成品率，并对大直径无心磨金刚石砂轮热压机常用工艺热压参数热压级功率、吨位、加热板面积等进行讨论，得出合理热压工艺参数；最后，对修整工艺进行研究，大直径无心磨金刚石砂轮对修整要求精度高而且操作困难。笔者在T8365型制动鼓镗床设计全新修整工艺，实际应用证明修整工艺可操作性强，修整精度高。     

镍铁型焊条焊接高强球铁接头云纹实验解析研究

镍铁型铸铁焊条已经相当广泛地用来焊接QT60—2球墨铸铁。然而,研究工作表明,这些焊接接头的强度较低。本文首次利用密栅云纹法研究了单向拉伸焊接接头的受力状况,获得了接头区域的全场位移、应变和应力分布。从焊接接头应变和应力分布的不均匀性,分析了裂纹产生及扩展的原因,用扫描电子显微镜观察了断口形貌,发现有大量的球状物分布在断口上,这可能是导致焊接接头低应力破断的原因。这一次现有助于改进镍铁型铸铁焊条的性能,提高接头的强度。     

Lode应力参数与应力参量之间的内在联系及屈服准则的推广

从塑性力学应力Ｌｏｄｅ参数着手，深入研究了应力Ｌｏｄｅ参数与各应力参量之间的内在联系，并对塑性理论中屈服准则进行了合理推广。对塑性理论及其应用具有重要意义。