焦化汽油加氢试生产重整原料的技术分析

在0.6Mt/a柴油加氢精制装置上利用焦化汽油为原料进行重整原料油的试生产，改善了焦化汽油的性质，降低了硫，氮和可导致重整催化剂中毒的金属含量及烯烃含量，提高了饱和烃的含量，生产出了合格的重整原料，该技术拓宽了重整原料来源，较好地解决了焦化汽油的出路问题。     

A Simple Quasi-2D Numerical Model of a Thermogage Furnace

A simple quasi-2D model for the temperature distribution in a graphite tube furnace is presented. The model is used to estimate the temperature gradients in the furnace at temperatures above which contact sensors can be used, and to assist in the redesign of the furnace heater element to improve the temperature gradients. The Thermogage graphite tube furnace is commonly used in many NMIs as a blackbody source for radiation thermometer calibration and as a spectral irradiance standard. Although the design is robust, easy to operate and can change temperature rapidly, it is limited by its effective emissivity of typically 99.5–99.8%. At NMIA, the temperature gradient along the tube is assessed using thermocouples up to about 1,500°C, and the blackbody emissivity is calculated from this. However, at higher operating temperatures (up to 2,900°C), it is impractical to measure the gradient, and we propose to numerically model the temperature distributions used to calculate emissivity. In another paper at this conference, the model is used to design an optimized heater tube with improved temperature gradients. In the model presented here, the 2-D temperature distribution is simplified to separate the axial and radial temperature distributions within the heater tube and the surrounding insulation. Literature data for the temperature dependence of the electrical and thermal conductivities of the graphite tube were coupled to models for the thermal conductivity of the felt insulation, particularly including the effects of allowing for a gas mixture in the insulation. Experimental measurements of the temperature profile up to 1,500°C and radial heat fluxes up to 2,200°C were compared to the theoretical predictions of the model and good agreement was obtained.     

充分重视网络影响开拓思想工作新领域

互联网是以数字化、网络化、信息化为标志的文化状态,是以交互性、虚拟性、学习性为标志的运作模式,是以多边性、全时性、共享性为标志的机制特质.网络交往的广泛化,对现代社会生活产生重大影响.     

Ontologies and reasoning techniques for (legal) intelligent information retrieval systems

An application of Narrative Knowledge Representation Language (NKRL) techniques on (declassified) ‘terrorism in Southern Philippines’ documents has been carried out in the context of the IST Parmenides project. This paper describes some aspects of this work: it is our belief, in fact, that the Knowledge Representation techniques and the Intelligent Information Retrieval tools used in this experiment can be of some interest also in an ‘Ontological Modelling of Legal Events and Legal Reasoning’ context.     

Upconversion emission of a novel glass ceramic containing Er: BaYF5 nano-crystals

In order to develop highly efficient upconversion (UC) material, Er³⁺-doped oxyfluoride glass ceramics containing BaYF₅ nano-crystals were fabricated for the first time. The randomly distributed BaYF₅ nano-particles with the size of nearly 25 nm precipitated from the glass matrix at about 700 °C, then tended to aggregate slightly with the increase of heating temperature, resulting in the enhancement of Er³⁺ UC emission in the wavelength ranging from 500 nm to 700 nm. The UC process was found very sensitive to Er³⁺ content: with the increase of Er³⁺ content from 0.5% to 1.0%, the UC intensity behaved with drastic exaltation; while further increasing Er³⁺ content to 2.0% resulted in a notable fluorescence quenching. Significantly, the UC efficiency of present glass ceramic preponderates notably over that of the previously reported glass ceramic containing LaF₃, implying its superior UC potentiality.     

An anti-plane crack perpendicular to the weak/micro-discontinuous interface in a bi-FGM structure with exponential and linear non-homogeneities

Treated was an anti-plane crack perpendicular to the interface of an exponential-type FGM strip bonded to another linear-type FGM substrate with infinite thickness. Through Fourier integral transform, the problem was reduced as a Cauchy singular integral equation, which was further solved numerically by the Lobatto–Chebyshev collocation method. Based on the numerical solution, the effects of the geometrical and physical parameters on the stress intensity factor (SIF) were analyzed and the following conclusions were obtained: (a) A notable discrepancy between the interface-perpendicular crack and the interfacial one is that, to reduce the weak-discontinuity of interface or to make the interface micro-discontinuous will not necessarily decrease the SIF of the former, but will surely decrease that of the latter. (b) When a crack tip is situated very near to the interface (or free surface), its SIF will be high and totally dominated by the interface (or free surface). (c) To increase the stiffness of the FGM on one side of the interface is beneficial to preventing the crack on the other side from growing toward the interface. Besides, some practical suggestions were further given for material design in the field of composites.     

Personalisierung und informationelle Selbstbestimmung Ein unauflösbarer Widerspruch?

Ohne Zusammenfassung