Usability evaluation of symbols in digital cluster for drivers with color vision deficiency

Universal Access in the Information Society - Digital clusters have been adopted as displays in vehicles, and various driving information is presented through the digital clusters with different...     

Correction to: Roles and action mechanisms of herbs added to the emulsion on its lipid oxidation

Food Science and Biotechnology - The article “Roles and action mechanisms of herbs added to the emulsion on its lipid oxidation”, written by Eunok Choe, was originally published Online...     

Aminal-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks with hxl-a and Quasi-hcb Topologies for Efficient C2H6/C2H4 Separation

In reticular chemistry, topology is a powerful concept for defining the structures of covalent organic frameworks (COFs). However, due to the lack of diversity in the symmetry and reaction stoichiometry of the monomers, only 5% of the two-dimensional topologies have been reported to be COFs. To overcome the limitations of COF connectivity and pursue novel topologies in COF structures, two aminal-linked COFs, KUF-2 and KUF-3,  are prepared, with dumbbell-shaped secondary building units. Linear dialdehydes and piperazine are condensed at a ratio of 1:2 to construct an aminal linkage, leading to unreported hxl-a ( KUF-2 ) and quasi- hcb ( KUF-3 ) structures. Notably, KUF-3 displays top-tier C₂H₆/C₂H₄ selectivity and C₂H₆ uptake at 298 K, outperforming most porous organic materials. The intrinsic aromatic ring-rich and Lewis basic pore environments, and appropriate pore widths enable the selective adsorption of C₂H₆, as confirmed by Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations. Dynamic breakthrough curves revealed that C₂H₆ can be selectively separated from a gas mixture of C₂H₆ and C₂H₄. This study suggests that topology-based design of aminal-COFs is an effective strategy for expanding the field of reticular chemistry and provides the facile integration of strong Lewis basic sites for selective C₂H₆/C₂H₄ separation.     

Polymer-Grafted,Gold Nanoparticle-Based Nano-Capsules as Reversible Colorimetric Tensile Strain Sensors

Colloidal colorimetric microsensors enable the in-situ detection of mechanical strains within materials. Enhancing the sensitivity of these sensors to small scale deformation while enabling reversibility of the sensing capability would expand their utility in applications including biosensing and chemical sensing. In this study, we introduce the synthesis of colloidal colorimetric nano-sensors using a simple and readily scalable fabrication method. Colloidal nano sensors are prepared by emulsion-templated assembly of polymer-grafted gold nanoparticles (AuNP). To direct the adsorption of AuNP to the oil-water interface of emulsion droplets, AuNP (≈11nm) are functionalized with thiol-terminated polystyrene (PS, M_n = 11k). These PS-grafted gold nanoparticles are suspended in toluene and subsequently emulsified to form droplets with a diameter of ≈30µm. By evaporating the solvent of the oil-inwater emulsion, we form nanocapsules (AuNC) (diameter < 1µm) decorated by PS-grafted AuNP. To test mechanical sensing, the AuNC are embedded in an elastomer matrix. The addition of a plasticizer reduces the glass transition temperature of the PS brushes, and in turn imparts reversible deformability to the AuNC. The plasmonic peak of the AuNC shifts towards lower wavelengths upon application of uniaxial tensile tension, indicating increased inter-nanoparticle distance, and reverts back as the tension is released.     

In Operando Optical Tracking of Oxygen Vacancy Migration and Phase Change in few Nanometers Ferroelectric HZO Memories

Ferroelectric materials offer a low-energy, high-speed alternative to conventional logic and memory circuitry. Hafnia-based films have achieved single-digit nm ferroelectricity, enabling further device miniaturization. However, they can exhibit nonideal behavior, specifically wake-up and fatigue effects, leading to unpredictable performance variation over consecutive electronic switching cycles, preventing large-scale commercialization. The origins are still under debate. Using plasmon-enhanced spectroscopy, a non-destructive technique sensitive to <1% oxygen vacancy variation, phase changes, and single switching cycle resolution, the first real-time in operando nanoscale direct tracking of oxygen vacancy migration in 5 nm hafnium zirconium oxide during a pre-wake-up stage is provided. It is shown that the pre-wake-up leads to a structural phase change from monoclinic to orthorhombic phase, which further determines the device wake-up. Further migration of oxygen ions in the phase changed material is then observed, producing device fatigue. These results provide a comprehensive explanation for the wake-up and fatigue with Raman, photoluminescence and darkfield spectroscopy, combined with density functional theory and finite-difference time-domain simulations.     

Effect of a large pulsed electron beam (LPEB) irradiation on mechanical properties and fatigue behavior of Ti-6Al-4V

Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology - The large pulsed electron beam (LPEB) is recently highlighted as a surface modification method of metallic alloys owing to various advantages such as...