低温环境下FBG温度传感特性研究

在低温环境中,光纤光栅(Fiber Bragg Grating,FBG)材料的热膨胀系数和热光系数会发生改变,从而影响其温度传感特性。文章通过实验研究了裸光纤光栅传感器和黄铜管封装的光纤光栅传感器在低温下的温度传感特性。结果表明,在80~300 K温度范围,裸FBG温度传感器的灵敏度为6.43 pm/K,线性度为0.974,在80~230 K温度范围,温度与光纤光栅的中心波长呈现非线性关系;黄铜管封装的FBG温度传感器,在整个温度范围内灵敏度可达26 pm/K,线性度为0.996,较裸FBG温度传感器均有较大提升。对比实验表明,对光纤光栅进行封装,可以提高其温度灵敏度和线性度,改善温度传感特性。     

计及需求响应及抽水蓄能的含风电系统鲁棒机组组合

针对大规模风电接入电力系统带来的消纳问题,提出一种考虑需求响应及抽水蓄能的鲁棒机组组合优化方法。计及需求响应、抽水蓄能机组的运行约束及鲁棒可行性约束,采用考虑不确定预算的风电功率不确定集合,基于仿射补偿策略,构建鲁棒机组组合模型。同时根据对偶原理将鲁棒优化模型转化为确定性的数学规划问题,并在改进的IEEE39节点系统进行算例仿真,验证了所提方法的正确性和有效性。     

一种隐私保护的联邦学习框架

大数据时代,数据安全性和隐私性受到越来越多的关注和重视。联邦学习被视为是一种隐私保护的可行技术,允许从去中心化的数据中训练深度模型。针对电力投资系统中各部门因担心数据隐私信息泄露而带来的数据孤岛和隐私保护问题,提出了一种隐私保护的联邦学习框架,允许各部门自有数据在不出本地的情况下,联合训练模型。首先,提出了联邦学习的架构,支持分布式地训练模型;其次,引入同态加密技术,提出了隐私保护的联邦平均学习流程,在数据隐私保护的情况下,实现联合训练模型;最后,实验结果表明,该框架具有较好的收敛性,而且联合训练得到的模型具有较好的精度。     

短切碳纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料的高温冲击压缩力学性能

采用先驱体浸渍裂解法(即PIP法)制备出3种不同短切碳纤维(C_(sf))体积分数的圆柱形短切碳纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料(C_(sf)/SiC复合材料)试件,通过高温加热装置和自组装功能的霍普金森压杆装置对试件进行高温和动态荷载耦合作用下的冲击压缩试验,并通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察C_(sf)/SiC复合材料断口形貌,对试件的破坏形态进行分析。试验结果表明,采用PIP法制备的C_(sf)/SiC复合材料试件中C_(sf)分布均匀,在外应力作用下C_(sf)/SiC复合材料试件发生破坏,碳纤维和碳纤维束与SiC基体脱粘被不断拔出。试件的抗压强度随C_(sf)体积含量的增加而呈现先增加后减小的变化趋势,C_(sf)体积含量为21%的试件抗压强度最高,为96.55 MPa。与常温相比,在高温压缩试验中随着复合材料试件平均温度的升高,C_(sf)/SiC复合材料试件破碎后的块度越来越大,整体性越来越好,当温度达到300℃时,C_(sf)体积含量对C_(sf)/SiC复合材料试件抗压强度的影响较小。     

小角度仪器零位误差调整方法研究

本文主要研究小角度仪器框式、条式水平仪零位误差校准技术原理,以及不同结构水平仪零位误差不合格时的调整方法。通过本项目的研究,解决了水平仪零位误差调修问题,完善现场校准工作,提高水平仪校准工作的完成效率。     

基于智慧墙的安保中心周界入侵报警应用

核电站实物保护系统在整个厂区分布设置了大量探测设施用于厂区的安全防护,但作为实物保护系统的核心敏感区域——安保中心(UG楼)仅在进出口设置了门禁,而无其他探测手段,不满足核设施实物保护基本原则中均衡防护的原则,因而对该区域进行安保防护优化,通过配置智慧墙等探测措施,加强对区域的安全管控,消除敏感区域周界的薄弱环节.     

Applications of critical temperature in minimizing functions of continuous variables with simulated annealing algorithm

The simulated annealing (SA) algorithm has been recognized as a powerful technique for minimizing complicated functions. However, a critical disadvantage of the SA algorithm is its high computational cost. Therefore, it is the goal of this paper to investigate the use of the critical temperature in SA to reduce its computational cost. This paper presents a systematic study of the critical temperature and its applications in the minimization of functions of continuous variables with the SA algorithm. Based on this study, a new algorithm was developed to exploit the unique feature of the critical temperature in SA. The new algorithm combines SA and local search to determine global minimum effectively. Extensive tests on a variety of functions demonstrated that the new algorithm provides comparable performance to well-established SA techniques. Furthermore, the new algorithm also improves the determination of the starting temperature for the SA algorithm. The results obtained in this study are expected to be useful for improving the efficiency of SA algorithms, and for facilitating the development of temperature parallel SA algorithms.     

Comparison of approaches based on optimization and algebraic iteration for binary tomography

Binary tomography represents a special category of tomographic problems, in which only two values are possible for the sought image pixels. The binary nature of the problems can potentially lead to a significant reduction in the number of view angles required for a satisfactory reconstruction, thusly enabling many interesting applications. However, the limited view angles result in a severely underdetermined system of equations, which is challenging to solve. Various approaches have been proposed to address such a challenge, and two categories of approaches include those based on optimization and those based on algebraic iteration. However, the relative strengths, limitations, and applicable ranges of these approaches have not been clearly defined in the past. Therefore, it is the main objective of this work to conduct a systematic comparison of approaches from each category. This comparison suggested that the approaches based on algebraic iteration offered both superior reconstruction fidelity and computation efficiency at low (two or three) view angles, and these advantages diminished at high view angles. Meanwhile, this work also investigated the application of regularization techniques, the selection of optimal regularization parameter, and the use of a local search technique for binary problems. We expect the results and conclusions reported in this work to provide valuable guidance for the design and development of algorithms for binary tomography problems.