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101.
102.
目的 确定四川某集气管线腐蚀穿孔的原因。方法 采用直读光谱仪、金相显微镜、X-射线衍射仪和扫描电镜及EDS能谱对失效样品进行检测,并对腐蚀环境进行了分析。结果 (1)管体内壁存在大量腐蚀凹坑,管体金相组织为铁素体+珠光体,焊缝组织为针状铁素体,管基体的冶金质量、化学成分和力学性能符合标准;(2)腐蚀产物为FeS和少量FeCO3;(3)气田水中存在硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)。结论 管线穿孔是SRB、H2S、CO2等因素共同作用的结果。 相似文献
103.
大位移页岩气井的井眼轨迹复杂,且压裂开发过程中经常出现由于水泥环缺陷引发的套变损伤问题。针对页岩气井压裂过程中高泵压大排量的特点,采用有限元分析方法,通过优化模型网格划分,建立了适用于页岩气井复杂井眼轨迹下套管力学完整性计算的套管-水泥环-地层组合体模型,讨论了水泥环缺失角度、缺失厚度、缺失长度及复合缺陷对造斜段及水平段局部屈曲部分套管力学完整性的影响。结果表明,套管的周向应力随水泥环弹性模量的增大而减小,受泊松比影响较小。水泥环角度缺失会使套管出现应力集中现象,当缺失角度超过90°,应力集中现象得到减缓。随着水泥环缺失厚度的增加,套管所受应力增大。无论是造斜段还是水平段,不同缺失角度下,水泥环厚度、套管尺寸及泵压对套管应力的影响类似,趋势均为随着缺失角度的增加,套管应力先增大后减小。水泥环缺失的临界部位会产生应力突变,该位置也是最容易发生套损的部位。同一缺失厚度下,套管应力最大值随着缺失角度的增加而先增加后减小;同一缺失角度下,套管应力最大值随着缺失厚度的增加而增加。随着缺失角度的增加,水泥环缺失部位对应套管沿管长方向的等效应力先增加后减小。水泥环越厚,套管等效应力越小。在相同厚度下,水泥环剩余厚度越薄,套管等效应力越大,全部缺失时应力水平最大。 相似文献
104.
105.
Metal-organic framework(MOF)nanosheets and covalent organic framework(COF)nanosheets as emerging porous materials nanosheets have captured increasing attention owing to their attractive properties originating from the advantages of large lateral size,ultrathin thickness,tailorable physiochemical environment,flexibility and highly accessible active sites on surface,and the applications of them have been explored in a wide range of fields.Although MOF and COF nanosheets own many similar properties,their applications in various fields show significant differences,probably due to their different compositions and bonding modes.Hence,we summarize the recent progress of MOF and COF nanosheets by comparative analysis on their advantages and limitations in synthesis and applications,providing a more profound and full-scale perspective for researchers or beginners to understand this field.Herein,the categories of preparation methods of MOF and COF nanosheets are firstly discussed,including top-down and bottom-up methods.Secondly,the applications of MOF and COF nanosheets for separation,catalysis,sensing and energy storage are summarized.Finally,based on current achievements,we put forward our personal insights into the challenges and outlooks on the synthesis,characterizations,and promising applications for future research of MOF and COF nanosheets. 相似文献
106.
This study proposes an innovative flow management system that includes product (product and logistics) and process (human, information and decision) flow management. We identify three levels of ISO 9000 implementation (basic, advanced and supportive) as enablers, and operational performance as the outcome. The model was tested using the data-set collected from 133 ISO 9001 certified manufacturing companies in Australia. The results show that advanced implementation is positively related to both product and process flow management; supportive implementation is only positively related to process flow management while basic implementation has no significant effect on either product or process flow management. The results also show that both product and process flow management are positively related to operational performance. This study provides managerial guidelines for companies that wish to improve their innovation capabilities through ISO 9000 implementation and flow management. It also contributes to the ISO 9000 and flow management literature. 相似文献
107.
Zibo Wang Chaobin Huo Yaofang Zhang Shengtao Cheng Yilu Chen Xiaojie Wei Chao Li Bailing Wang 《计算机、材料和连续体(英文)》2023,75(2):2957-2979
With the growing discovery of exposed vulnerabilities in the Industrial Control Components (ICCs), identification of the exploitable ones is urgent for Industrial Control System (ICS) administrators to proactively forecast potential threats. However, it is not a trivial task due to the complexity of the multi-source heterogeneous data and the lack of automatic analysis methods. To address these challenges, we propose an exploitability reasoning method based on the ICC-Vulnerability Knowledge Graph (KG) in which relation paths contain abundant potential evidence to support the reasoning. The reasoning task in this work refers to determining whether a specific relation is valid between an attacker entity and a possible exploitable vulnerability entity with the help of a collective of the critical paths. The proposed method consists of three primary building blocks: KG construction, relation path representation, and query relation reasoning. A security-oriented ontology combines exploit modeling, which provides a guideline for the integration of the scattered knowledge while constructing the KG. We emphasize the role of the aggregation of the attention mechanism in representation learning and ultimate reasoning. In order to acquire a high-quality representation, the entity and relation embeddings take advantage of their local structure and related semantics. Some critical paths are assigned corresponding attentive weights and then they are aggregated for the determination of the query relation validity. In particular, similarity calculation is introduced into a critical path selection algorithm, which improves search and reasoning performance. Meanwhile, the proposed algorithm avoids redundant paths between the given pairs of entities. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art ones in the aspects of embedding quality and query relation reasoning accuracy. 相似文献
108.
Qingping Li Ransha Deng Yuxiang Chen Juan Gong Peng Wang Qiaoji Zheng Yu Huo Fengyu Xie Xijun Wei Chenhui Yang Dunmin Lin 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2023,19(42):2303642
Nickel sulfides with high theoretical capacity are considered as promising anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs); however, their intrinsic poor electric conductivity, large volume change during charging/discharging, and easy sulfur dissolution result in inferior electrochemical performance for sodium storage. Herein, a hierarchical hollow microsphere is assembled from heterostructured NiS/NiS2 nanoparticles confined by in situ carbon layer (H-NiS/NiS2@C) via regulating the sulfidation temperature of the precursor Ni-MOFs. The morphology of ultrathin hollow spherical shells and confinement of in situ carbon layer to active materials provide rich channels for ion/electron transfer and alleviate the effects of volume change and agglomeration of the material. Consequently, the as-prepared H-NiS/NiS2@C exhibit superb electrochemical properties, satisfactory initial specific capacity of 953.0 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, excellent rate capability of 509.9 mA h g−1 at 2 A g−1, and superior longtime cycling life with 433.4 mA h g−1 after 4500 cycles at 10 A g−1. Density functional theory calculation shows that heterogenous interfaces with electron redistribution lead to charge transfer from NiS to NiS2, and thus favor interfacial electron transport and reduce ion-diffusion barrier. This work provides an innovative idea for the synthesis of homologous heterostructures for high-efficiency SIB electrode materials. 相似文献
109.
蚌埠市生活垃圾填埋场工程是城市基础设施,该工程规模大,位于平山半山坡上,工程区地质条件复杂,工作难度大,防渗设计要求严苛.本勘察项目采用钻探、原位取土试样、标准贯入试验、单孔法波速测试试验、室内土工试验、岩石饱和单轴抗压强度试验、水质分析等综合手段勘察,取得了科学准确的参数.本文对填埋场的地基持力层的选择、设计参数、防渗处理等提出了经济合理的结论和建议,为优化设计、节省投资、安全施工奠定了基础. 相似文献
110.