雷达目标检测概率简化算法及应用分析

介绍了典型雷达目标的RCS起伏模型,阐述了由雷达目标起伏造成的信噪比损失,分析了雷达发现概率、虚警概率和信噪比之间的关系,绘制了仿真曲线。对非起伏目标和起伏目标之间在相同检测概率下的所需信噪比的不同,给出了一种等效算法,并针对非起伏目标的检测概率复杂度大的问题,给出了一种简化模型,并对简化后的误差进行了分析,最后对模型在雷达检飞试验中的应用进行了简要分析。     

Thermal Shrinkage Behavior of Metal–Organic Frameworks

Thermal treatment of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as a post‐treatment approach has grown in popularity and resulted in various MOF‐derived materials. However, the widely used extreme thermolytic conditions (usually above 500 °C) lead to degradation in the well‐defined MOFs intrinsic properties. This work demonstrates that MIL‐101 calcined at medium‐temperature range (200–280 °C) partially breaks the coordination bonds that can introduce more accessible active sites, exhibiting a 10‐fold increase in oxidation activity while retaining its intrinsic structure and porosity. Another fascinating feature of MIL‐101 calcined in this temperature range is their temperature‐dependent shrinkage behavior, which is also found in many other types of MOFs. Based on different shrinkage ratios of various MOFs, yolk–shell MOFs@MOFs structures can be constructed through nonsacrificial template method. Overall, the structural and morphological evolution process of MOFs treated in the medium‐temperature range can open new horizons to develop efficient MOFs catalysts and design complex structures.     

适用于高阶QAM解调的载波恢复算法及其实现验证

高阶正交幅度调制（QAM）系统中,随着QAM信号阶数的提高,频偏和相偏对系统解调性能的影响越敏感,其对同步性能的要求也越来越高。因此,必须在接收端对系统中的频偏和相偏进行更精确的补偿,使得接收端与发送端的载波信号达到同频同相,来提高解调系统的性能。本文首先简单介绍了两种常用两种面向判决的载波相位恢复算法,并利用MATLAB／Simulink为该算法搭建了系统仿真模型进行分析,然后给出了具体的实现方法并对其性能进行了分析。仿真结果表明,面向判决的载波恢复算法实现简单,稳态时抖动较小,非常适用于高阶QAM解调系统。     

电弧保护装置的设计

本文分析了故障电弧导致火灾的可能性与严重性,简述了目前国内外相关保护装置的发展与现状。详细介绍了故障电弧保护装置的设计流程与技术关键点。     

Regulating Water Adhesion on Superhydrophobic TiO2 Nanotube Arrays

Bioinspired surfaces with special wettability have attracted a significant attention in recent years because of their potential applications for no loss liquid transfer, anti‐icing, and self‐cleaning. Herein, the realization of two extreme superhydrophobic states on 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H–perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane‐modified TiO₂ nanotube arrays (NTAs) is described by changing the structural characteristics of nanotubes while keeping the surface chemical composition constant. The water adhesive force is regulated in a wide range from ≈4.4 to ≈89.6 μN by the nanotubular diameter, length, density, and surface roughness. The cooperation effect between the negative pressures induced by the volume change of sealed air‐pockets and the van der Waals' attraction at solid–liquid interface contributes to the water adhesion. The superhydrophobic TiO₂ NTAs with a high adhesive force is used as a “mechanical hand” to transfer water microdroplets without any loss, and the one with extremely low adhesive force is utilized as a self‐cleaning and anti‐icing surface.     

Investigation of charge loss characteristics of HfO2 annealed in N2 or 02 ambient

The retention characteristics of electrons and holes in hafnium oxide with post-deposition annealing in a N2 or 02 ambient were investigated by Kelvin probe force microscopy. The KFM results show that compared with the N2 PDA process, the O2 PDA process can lead to a significant retention improvement. Vertical charge leakage and lateral charge spreading both played an important role in the charge loss mechanisms. The retention improvement is attributed to the deeper trap energy. For electrons, the trap energy of the HOS structure annealed in a N2 or 02 ambient were determined to be about 0.44 and 0.49 eV, respectively. For holes, these are about 0.34 and 0.36 eV, respectively. Finally, the electrical characteristics of the memory devices are demonstrated from the experiment, which agreed with our characterization results. The qualitative and quantitative determination of the charge retention properties, the possible charge decay mechanism and trap energy reported in this work can be very useful for the characterization of hafnium charge storage devices.     

氮气或氧气气氛退火的氧化铪材料电荷泄漏情况研究

本文中, 使用开尔文探针显微镜,研究了不同退火气氛(氧气或氮气)情况下氧化铪材料的电子和空穴的电荷保持特性。与氮气退火器件相比,氧气退火可以使保持性能变好。横向扩散和纵向泄露在电荷泄露机制中都起了重要的作用。 并且,保持性能的改善与陷阱能级深度有关。氮气和氧气退火情况下,氧化铪存储结构的的电子分别为0.44 eV, 0.49 eV,空穴能级分别为0.34 eV, 0.36 eV。 最后得到,不同退火气氛存储器件的电学性能也与KFM结果一致。对于氧化铪作为存储层的存储器件而言,对存储特性的定性和定量分析,陷阱能级,还有泄漏机制研究是十分有意义的。     

基于不变矩特征的红外成像制导跟踪算法研究

随着红外成像制导技术的发展,它对制导跟踪算法的精度和实时性的要求越来越高。制导系统已被要求在20 ms的时间内输出跟踪结果。某些跟踪算法虽然效果较好,但达不到实时输出。经典的制导算法-相关跟踪算法主要基于像素灰度特征进行跟踪,无法解决跟踪过程中由于目标的旋转、膨胀以及仿射变换带来的跟踪点漂移问题。为了解决经典相关跟踪算法无法解决图像旋转时的跟踪稳定性问题以及目标图像急剧膨胀时的跟踪点漂移问题,研究了图像不变矩的特征。利用图像不变矩的旋转-伸缩-平移不变性,选择合适的不变矩特征用于跟踪。通过用归一化的乘法相关函数以及基于相关系数值的模板更新策略设计跟踪算法,解决了复杂背景及强噪声条件下不能对尺寸和形状发生变化的目标进行稳定跟踪的问题。     

10ns～500ns宽度连续可调的快速光脉冲发生器

脉宽可调的脉冲发生器常用于精密检测。本文阐述了一种运用叠加原理设计的脉冲宽度从10ns到500ns连续可调的快速光脉冲发生器。在驱动电路中应用了脉冲叠加原理。     

澳大利亚North Carnarvon盆地中生代气候环境演变与优质烃源岩发育机制

利用地层中包含的大量微体化石,结合沉积学分析,恢复了澳大利亚North Carnarvon盆地中生代的古气候与古环境,综合中生界优质烃源岩发育的古地理背景,探讨了其发育模式。研究结果表明,中生代不同层段微体化石属种及其相对含量的变化,对应于古气候与古环境的变迁;古气候呈干旱—湿润—干旱—湿润的旋回性变化;早三叠世—晚三叠世为水退过程,晚三叠世—晚白垩世整体为水进过程。中生界可识别出4个沉积相类型:三角洲相、滨海相、局限海相和开阔海相。早三叠世主要发育开阔海相,中—晚三叠世则主要发育三角洲相,侏罗纪局限海相尤为发育,白垩纪主要发育局限海相和开阔海相。4个沉积相的微体化石组合特征差异明显,三角洲—滨浅海—局限海—开阔海孢粉含量逐渐下降,沟鞭藻+疑源类含量逐渐升高;三角洲相与滨浅海相孢粉占主导地位,局限海相孢粉含量与沟鞭藻+疑源类含量相近,开阔海相则以沟鞭藻+疑源类占主导地位。古气候与古环境影响沉积物的供给及有机物的形成,微体化石组合决定了有机质的母质类型,两者最终决定了盆地有机质的发育模式,综合中生界烃源岩发育的古地理背景、古气候条件及微体化石组合特征,将其有机质发育模式总结为大型三角洲背景下陆源有机质发育模式和局限海背景下混合有机质发育模式。