松茸不同溶剂提取物及其抗氧化活性

对松茸不同溶剂提取物及其抗氧化活性进行了研究。依次用石油醚、三氯甲烷、乙醇及水提取,乙醇提取部分依次用乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取。采用DPPH自由基法、邻苯三酚自氧化法,以BHT、Vc为参照,分别研究松茸不同溶剂提取物的抗氧化活性,并对不同溶剂提取物中的总多糖、总黄酮及总多酚含量进行测定。结果表明:松茸不同溶剂提取物均具有一定的抗氧化活性,其中乙酸乙酯、水提取物的抗氧化活性较强,不同溶剂提取物的抗氧化活性与其总多糖、总黄酮和总多酚的含量具有一定的相关性。     

涡流纺纱线织造高性能经编织物的经济型生产过程

IGF 15578 BG项目可解决高性能经编机在加工涡流纺纱线过程中易断头的问题,具有竞争力和创新性.目前在加工过程中,存在着经编织造低负荷(经编张力控制器)下长度补偿的问题,现已通过变化涡流纺纱线以及开发动态机件的方式解决.     

提高舒适性的吸湿整理

近期 ,研究人员已经开发出了多种“微气候调节”整理产品。生产商已经意识到了消费者对具有户外和运动功能的休闲服装的要求 ,所以不断投入资金进行新品开发 ,以满足消费者对舒适性越来越高的要求。由于功能运动服销售旺盛 ,同时也由于这种整理方法的使用范围很广 ,所以每个人都预测这部分产品的市场会有较快的增长。到目前为止 ,“微气候调节”整理主要集中在非常基本的人体功能———排汗上。当我们运动时 ,身体会逐渐变热。如果体温一直升高 ,我们可能不久就会死亡 ,所以身体产生自然反应 ,开始出汗。皮肤表面的湿气会通过蒸发冷却来减少…     

相湖乡味招牌

雪菜原味炖目鱼 主料：目鱼400克。辅料：雪菜20克,姜条5克。调料：高汤、盐、味精各适量。制法：目鱼洗净飞水备用;雪莱改刀成条;起锅,用菜油煸炒雪菜条、姜条,炒至出香,加入高汤煮透,投入飞好水的目鱼,加入盐、味精煮至入味;将煮好的目鱼取出,改刀成条,装盘,点缀即可。当地售价：58元／份日售：42份     

Histamine and biogenic amine production by Morganella morganii isolated from temperature-abused albacore

Histamine-producing bacteria were isolated from albacore stored at 0, 25, 30, and 37 degrees C. They were screened using Niven's differential medium, and their histamine production was confirmed by high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis. The optimum temperature for growth of histamine-producing bacteria was 25 degrees C. The bacterium producing the highest level of histamine was isolated from fish abused at 25 degrees C. It was identified as Morganella morganii by morphological, cultural, biochemical, and antimicrobial characteristics and by the Vitek microbial identification system. The M. morganii isolate was inoculated into tuna fish infusion broth medium, and the effect of temperature was determined for microbial growth and formation of histamine and other biogenic amines. The isolate produced the highest level of histamine, 5,253 ppm, at 25 degrees C in the stationary phase. At 15 degrees C, histamine production was reduced to 2,769 ppm. Neither microbial growth nor histamine formation was detected at 4 degrees C. To determine whether the isolate can also produce other biogenic amines that can potentiate histamine toxicity, production of cadaverine, putrescine, serotonin, tryptamine, tyramine, phenylethylamine, spermidine, and spermine by the isolate was also monitored. Cadaverine, putrescine, and phenylethylamine were detected with microbial growth in the tuna fish infusion broth medium. The optimum temperature for cadaverine, putrescine, and phenylethylamine formation was found to be 25 degrees C, as it was for histamine.     

Survival of bacteria during oxygen limitation

Regulatory mechanisms that enable bacteria associated with food, drinks and the human body to adapt to changes in the availability of oxygen are reviewed. Excess oxygen induces two adaptive responses to oxidative stress. Five or more control circuits enable enteric bacteria to generate energy and grow well in anaerobic environments. Two sets of enzymes catalyse both nitrate and nitrite reduction, and dual two-component regulatory systems sense and respond to the available nitrate and nitrite in the environment. The periplasmic nitrate reductase enables bacteria to scavenge low concentrations of nitrate: similar systems are found in food-borne and other pathogens.     

Mutations in the large subunit of U2AF disrupt pre-mRNA splicing, cell cycle progression and nuclear structure

The prp2 gene of fission yeast has previously been shown to encode the large subunit of the splicing factor spU2AF. SpU2AF(59) is an evolutionarily conserved protein that has an arginine/serine-rich region and three RNA recognition motifs (RRMs). We have sequenced three temperature-sensitive alleles of prp2 and determined that the mutations result in single amino acid changes within one of the RRMs or between RRMs. All mutant alleles of prp2 have pre-mRNA splicing defects at the non-permissive temperature. Although the mutant strains are growth-arrested at 37 degrees C, they do not elongate like typical fission yeast cell cycle mutants. The DNA of the prp2(-) strains stains more intensely than a wild-type strain, suggesting that the chromatin may be condensed. Ultrastructural studies show differences in the mutant nuclei including a prominent distinction between the chromatin- and non-chromatin-enriched regions compared to the more homogenous wild-type nucleus. Two-hybrid assays indicate that some of the wild-type protein interactions are altered in the mutant strains. These results suggest that normal functioning of spU2AF(59) may be essential not only for pre-mRNA splicing but also for the maintenance of proper nuclear structure and normal cell cycle progression.     

The effect of roasting nonlinted whole cottonseed on milk production by dairy cows

This study was conducted to examine the effect of roasting nonlinted whole cottonseed on ruminal crude protein (CP) degradability and performance in high-yielding dairy cows. Multiparous Israeli Holstein-Friesian cows (parity average 2.5+/-1.5; n = 132) with 571+/-65 kg of body weight (BW), 107+/-48 d in milk (DIM), and 37+/-5.8 kg of milk yield/d were used in the study. Cows were divided into two dietary treatment groups according to their BW, DIM, and milk production. The two diets were similar in CP, net energy for lactation, and neutral detergent fiber content [17%, 1.74 Mcal/kg, and 30% on a dry matter (DM) basis] and included either 15% (on a DM basis) whole cottonseed or roasted whole cottonseed. Ruminal effective degradability of CP, organic matter (OM), and ether extract (EE) decreased 14, 11, and 10%, respectively, compared to whole cottonseed. Total tract digestibilities of CP and EE were similar for both treatments and averaged 57 and 59%, respectively. However, DM and OM digestibilities were 6 and 5% higher in cows offered roasted whole cottonseed relative to those fed whole cottonseed diet. The inclusion of roasted whole cottonseed in the ration decreased ruminal ammonia and blood urea N concentration by 12% compared with diet with the raw whole cottonseed. Milk production, milk fat content, and production, and milk protein yield increased when roasted, nonlinted whole cottonseed was included in the diet. Milk protein content was similar for both treatments, averaging 2.92%.     

Tobacco cessation skills certification in Arizona: application of a state wide, community based model for diffusion of evidence based practice guidelines

OBJECTIVE: To describe the development and preliminary results from a community based certification model for training in tobacco cessation skills in Arizona. DESIGN: A programme evaluation using both quantitative pre-post measures and qualitative methods. SETTING: Arizona's comprehensive tobacco control programme of state funded, community based local projects and their community partners providing tobacco treatment services for geographically, socioeconomically, and ethnically diverse communities. INTERVENTION: A three tiered model of skills based training emphasising Agency for Health Care Policy and Research guidelines, and utilising a training of trainers approach to build community capacity. Certification roles addressed basic tobacco cessation skills, tobacco cessation specialist, and tobacco treatment services manager. PARTICIPANTS: Initial target audience was community based local project personnel and their community partners, with later adoption by community organisations unaffiliated with local projects, and the general public. MAIN EVALUATION MEASURES: Process measures: participant satisfaction, knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy. Outcome: participant demographics, community organisations represented, post-training, cessation related activities. RESULTS: During the model's implementation year, 1075 participants attended certification training, 947 participants received basic skills certificates and 82 received specialist certificates. Pre, post, and three month measures of self efficacy showed significant and durable increases. Analysis of participant characteristics demonstrated broad community representation. At post-training follow up, 80.9% of basic skills trainees had performed at least one brief intervention and 74.8% had made a referral to intensive services. Among cessation specialists, 48.8% were delivering intensive services and 69.5% were teaching basic skills classes. CONCLUSIONS: Initial experience with Arizona's state wide, community based model for certification of tobacco cessation skills training suggests this model may be a promising method for broad, population based diffusion of evidence based tobacco cessation guidelines.