Biosorption mechanism of Zn2+ from aqueous solution by spent substrates of pleurotus ostreatus

To solve the problem of heavy metal pollution and agricultural wastes reclamation, spent substrate of pleurotus ostreatus (SSPO) was used as adsorbent to remove Zn²⁺ from aqueous solution. The biosorption of zinc ions on SSPO was studied as a function of the solution pH, temperature and initial Zn²⁺ concentration. The equilibrium sorption data were well represented by linear Langmuir isotherm models with R² value of 0.9955 and non-linear Freundlich with R² value of 0.9973. The BET surface area of SSPO can reach 51.16m²g^?1. SEM-EDX and XRD revealed that (NH₄)₂Zn·H₂O and Zn₂PO₄(OH) were the main compounds in metal-loaded SSPO. FTIR analysis indicated the governing functional groups such as O-H, N-H and P=O played an important role in biosorption. The desorption studies showed the reversibility of SSPO. The results indicate that SSPO is a potential adsorbent in wastewater treatment due to its great sorption capacity and low cost.     

Stimulations of strontium-doped calcium polyphosphate for bone tissue engineering to protein secretion and mRNA expression of the angiogenic growth factors from endothelial cells in vitro

The vascularization of tissue-engineered bone is the key problem needed solving before application of tissue-engineered bone in clinical practice. Meanwhile, endothelial cells are the major and important source of seed cells in bone tissue engineering, and significant on promoting vascularization in tissue-engineered bone. Vascularization (namely angiogenesis) is a process mainly controlled by several angiogenic growth factors (VEGF, bFGF and MMP-2) which can be secreted by endothelial cells. Therefore, the research on the stimulations of SCPP to the secretion of the angiogenic growth factors from endothelial cells is very important. This study was performed to determine the ability of strontium-doped calcium polyphosphate (SCPP) to induce angiogenesis by detecting the protein secretion levels and mRNA expression of VEGF, bFGF and MMP-2 from cultured endothelial cells. As a control, we also researched the effect of HA on the mRNA expressions and protein secretion of angiogenic growth factors from cultured endothelial cells. We cultured endothelial cells with SCPP scaffolds containing various concentration of strontium and HA. The results obtained in the MTT and SEM tests indicated that endothelial cells on SCPP scaffold exhibited higher proliferation rate and were easy to get a good spread than them on CPP, the best state of growth and proliferation of cells could be observed on 8%SCPP. The results of ELISA demonstrated that the protein levels of VEGF, bFGF and MMP-2 from cultured endothelial cells increased with the increasing Sr doped in calcium polyphosphate in SCPP groups, the peaks appeared on 8%SCPP. All SCPP groups showed a better ability to stimulate the protein secretion of VEGF, bFGF and MMP-2 from endothelial cells relative to CPP group and HA group. The results of RT-PCR suggested that the 8%SCPP group exhibited a significantly higher mRNA expression of VEGF, bFGF and MMP-2 relative to CPP group and HA group. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrated that 8%SCPP had obvious promotion for secretion and mRNA expression of angiogenic growth factors from cultured endothelial cells.     

PE-UHMW/GNPs导电复合材料的制备和表征

采用超声溶液分散法制备出超高分子量聚乙烯/石墨烯(PE-UHMW/GNPs)导电复合材料,研究了该材料的导电渗流行为和阻-温特性。研究发现,PE-UHMW/GNPs导电复合材料的导电渗流阈值为3.8%,即当导电填料在体系中的质量分数达到3.8%时,材料内部逐渐形成较为完善的导电网络,从而实现其导电特性。研究和探讨了PE-UHMW/GNPs导电复合材料的正温度系数(PTC)效应和负温度系数(NTC)效应。研究发现,PE-UHMW/GNPs导电复合材料的PTC效应会随着GNPs含量的增加逐渐增强,当导电填料GNPs的添加量达到3.8%时,通过阻-温曲线可以观察到,PE-UHMW/GNPs导电复合材料具有最大的PTC强度和相对较低的室温体积电阻率。场发射扫描电子显微镜分析结果表明,GNPs和PE-UHMW之间的相互作用会随着热循环次数的不同而发生变化,最终会影响到材料的PTC效应。     

RDX热分解研究

为了更加全面的探究黑索今(RDX)热安全性,利用绝热加热法及DSC-TG-DTG法两种实验方法分析了RDX的热分解过程。通过对比两种实验方法可以总结出RDX在密闭条件下热分解初始速度比在开放系统中低5.4℃,实验条件对分解过程及相关参数影响较大。     

平直翅片和开缝翅片换热器特性的数值模拟

翅片管式换热器作为制冷和空调装备中的一种重要设备,具有结构紧凑、制造简单、适用范围广等特点,它的运行状况直接关系到整个换热系统性能的优劣。翅片管式换热器空气侧传热性能以及速度场、温度场分布对换热效果的影响一直是国内外学者研究的重点。利用CFD技术对圆管平直翅片和圆管开缝翅片换热器两种形式下外部空气与翅片的换热效果进行了数值模拟。结果表明,圆管开缝翅片换热器的换热效果更好。     

One‐Step Synthesis of Superbright Water‐Soluble Silicon Nanoparticles with Photoluminescence Quantum Yield Exceeding 80%

Fluorescent silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) have shown potential applications in bioimaging/biolabelling, sensing, and nanomedicine/cancer therapy due to their superior properties such as excellent photostability, low cytotoxicity, and versatile surface modification capability. Here, a simple, high‐yield, and one‐pot method is developed to prepare superbright, water‐soluble, and amine‐functionalized SiNPs with photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) comparable to fluorescent II–VI semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) but with much lower cytotoxicity. By introducing a commercially available amine‐containing silane molecule, N‐[3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine (DAMO), water‐soluble SiNPs are prepared with PLQY of 82.4% via a microwave‐assisted method. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest PLQY value ever reported for water‐soluble fluorescent SiNPs. The silicon element in our SiNPs is mainly four‐valent silicon and thus these SiNPs may also be termed as oxidized silicon nanospheres or silica nanodots. We have also demonstrated the importance of the silane structure (e.g., a suitable amine content) on the photoluminescence property of the prepared SiNPs. As revealed by the time‐resolved photoluminescence technique, the highest PLQY value of DAMO SiNPs is correlated with their monoexponential decay with a relatively long fluorescence lifetime. In addition, the potential use of these SiNPs has also been demonstrated for fluorescent patterning/printing and ion sensing (including Cu²⁺ and Hg²⁺).     

A canonical structure for constrained optimal control problems

We consider a general class of optimal control problems with regional pole and controller structure constraints. Our goal is to show that for a fairly general class of regional pole and controller structure constraints, such constrained optimal control problems can be transformed to a new one with a canonical structure. A three-step transformation procedure is used to achieve our goal, which essentially amounts to repeated augmentations of plant dynamics and repeated reductions of the controller. The transformed problem is one of the standard optimal static output feedback with a decentralized and repeated structure.     

智能数字式绝缘电阻测量仪的研制

针对目前高压绝缘电阻测量普遍存在的抗干扰性较差、输出不够精确稳定等问题,设计了一种智能化高压绝缘电阻测量仪.该仪器能在高压输出档位控制和自动调节,微电流放大和量程自动切换.人机接口和红外线收发等部分都采用了单片机控制,以保证每个部分都具有一致的稳定性和高精度;并且在高、低压端分别采用独立的A/D转换和单片机控制电路,彼此之间采用红外线收发器共享数据,做到了电气上的完全隔离,大大提高了整个系统的抗干扰性.     

浅析绝缘子钢化玻璃件的内应力和寿命周期

绝缘子玻璃件经高温特殊热处理,获得均匀分布的钢化内应力,显著地提高了它的热稳定性和机械强度。由于这种钢化内应力是一种永久应力,随着产品运行时间的延伸,它不会产生内应力衰减现象。因此,悬式钢化玻璃绝缘子(简称玻璃绝缘子)具有寿命周期长和不易老化的特性。