Small Changes,Big Impact: Tungsten Bronzes with Extremely Large Second Harmonic Generation Achieved by the Transition Metal Doping on the B-Site

Two novel transition metal-doped tungsten bronze oxides, Pb_2.15Li_0.85Nb_4.85Ti_0.15O₁₅ (PLNT) and Pb_2.15Li_0.55Nb_4.85W_0.15O₁₅ (PLNW), are synthesized by high-temperature solid-state reactions. The Rietveld method using the high-resolution synchrotron radiation indicates that PLNT and PLNW crystallize in the orthorhombic polar noncentrosymmetric space group, Pmn2₁ (no. 31). As a class of tungsten bronze oxide, PLNT and PLNW retain a unique rigid framework composed of d⁰ transition metal cation (Ti⁴⁺ or W⁶⁺)-doped highly distorted NbO₆ octahedra along with the subsequently generated Pb/LiO₁₂ and PbO₁₅ polyhedra. Interestingly, the d⁰ transition metal-doped tungsten bronzes, PLNT and PLNW, exhibit extremely large second-harmonic generation (SHG) responses of 56 and 67 × KH₂PO₄, respectively. The observed immeasurably strong SHG is mainly attributed to a net polarization originating from the alignment of highly distorted NbO₆ octahedra with doped transition metals in the frameworks. It is believed that doping transition metal cations at the B-site of the tungsten bronze structures should be an innovative strategy to develop novel high-performance nonlinear optical materials.     

Design of a 2-DOF-PID controller using an improved sine–cosine algorithm for load frequency control of a three-area system with nonlinearities

This paper proposes an improved sine–cosine algorithm (ISCA) based 2-DOF-PID controller for load frequency control. A three-area test system is built for study, while some physical constraints (nonlinearities) are considered for the investigation of a realistic power system. The proposed method is used as the parameter optimizer of the LFC controller in different scenarios. The 2-DOF-PID controllers are used because of their capability of fast disturbance rejection without significant increase of overshoot in set-point tracking. The 2-DOF-PID controllers’ efficacy is observed by examining the responses with the outcomes obtained with PID and FOPID controllers. The simulation results with the suggested scheme are correlated with some of the existing algorithms, such as SCA, SSA, ALO, and PSO in three different scenarios, i.e., a disturbance in two areas, in three areas, and in the presence of physical constraints. In addition, the study is extended to a four-area power system. Statistical analysis is performed using the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test (WSRT) on 20 independent runs. This confirms the supremacy of the proposed method.     

Relational attention-based Markov logic network for visual navigation

The Journal of Supercomputing - We argue the agent’s low generalization problem for searching target object in challenging visual navigation could be solved by "how" and...     

Designing Metallic and Insulating Nanocrystal Heterostructures to Fabricate Highly Sensitive and Solution Processed Strain Gauges for Wearable Sensors

All‐solution processed, high‐performance wearable strain sensors are demonstrated using heterostructure nanocrystal (NC) solids. By incorporating insulating artificial atoms of CdSe quantum dot NCs into metallic artificial atoms of Au NC thin film matrix, metal–insulator heterostructures are designed. This hybrid structure results in a shift close to the percolation threshold, modifying the charge transport mechanism and enhancing sensitivity in accordance with the site percolation theory. The number of electrical pathways is also manipulated by creating nanocracks to further increase its sensitivity, inspired from the bond percolation theory. The combination of the two strategies achieves gauge factor up to 5045, the highest sensitivity recorded among NC‐based strain gauges. These strain sensors show high reliability, durability, frequency stability, and negligible hysteresis. The fundamental charge transport behavior of these NC solids is investigated and the combined site and bond percolation theory is developed to illuminate the origin of their enhanced sensitivity. Finally, all NC‐based and solution‐processed strain gauge sensor arrays are fabricated, which effectively measure the motion of each finger joint, the pulse of heart rate, and the movement of vocal cords of human. This work provides a pathway for designing low‐cost and high‐performance electronic skin or wearable devices.     

基于Fluent的圆柱齿轮流量计的密封性仿真分析

通过对圆柱齿轮流量计进行二维简化建模,用Fluent仿真软件的ICEM CFD模块进行网格划分,利用Fluent仿真软件对圆柱齿轮流量计进行了计算和密封性的仿真分析,得出了其速度矢量分布图,并且给出了各泄漏量的计算公式和每种泄漏所占泄漏总量的百分比,即为以后的整个流量计的设计提供理论依据。,提高流量计的寿命具有重要意义。同时还省去了大量的人工计算过程,极大地加快了计算速度。     

Metal microparticle – Polymer composites as printable,bio/ecoresorbable conductive inks

Biologically and environmentally resorbable electronic devices support application possibilities that cannot be addressed with conventional technologies. This paper presents highly conductive, water-soluble composites that can be printed to form contacts, interconnects, antennas, and other important features that are essential to nearly all systems of this type. An optimized material formulation involves in situ polymerization to yield a polyanhydride containing a dispersion of molybdenum microparticles at appropriate concentrations. Comparisons of essential physical and electrical properties of these materials to those of composites formed with other polymers and other metal microparticles reveal the relevant considerations. Various functional demonstrations of screen-printed test structures and devices illustrate the suitability of these conductive inks for use in water-soluble electronic devices. A key advantage of the material introduced here compared to alternatives is its ability to maintain conductance over significant periods of time while immersed in relevant aqueous solutions. Studies involving live animal models establish the biocompatibility.     

Preparation of nanometre size oxide particles using filter expansion aerosol generator

Crystalline zinc oxide particles of nanometre size (< 20 nm) particles were produced from a zinc acetate solution by using a filter expansion aerosol generator (FEAG). The FEAG is an aerosol generator that is operated at 60 torr reactor pressure and produces droplets of around 2 m. The shape of the particles produced by the FEAG were distinctively different from those produced by the ultrasonic spray source (USS). Results from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) indicated that crystalline zinc oxide particles of nanometre size were produced at 600 °C in 0.02 s residence time. Weight loss of these particles, determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), was 3 wt%. Based on the morphology change as a function of the reactor temperature and solute concentration, we proposed that the nanometre particles were formed by uniform precipitation at the drying stage and decomposition followed by disintegration into nanometre particles. It was also shown that exothermic decomposition of the solute was not required for the disintegration of the primary particles in the FEAG process. This result opened up an opportunity for producing carbon-free nanometre particles from nitrate salts by using the FEAG.     

Surface modification of polyetherurethaneureas and their antithrombogenicity

Polyetherurethaneurea (PU) films were treated by oxygen plasma discharge followed by acrylic acid (AA) grafting. The carboxyl groups of the AA-grafted PU (PU-AA) surface were coupled with bovine serum albumin and heparin via water soluble carbodiimide. Surface characterization of the modified PUs was carried out by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA). The amount of immobilized albumin and heparin on the PU surface was 1.8 and 1.5 g/cm², respectively, as determined by the dye interaction method. Interactions between the surface-modified PUs and blood components such as plasma proteins and platelets were investigated to evaluate the blood compatibility of the samples. Plasma recalcification time (PRT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) of the albumin-immobilized PU (PU-Al) were almost the same as those of PU, while platelets were less adhered on the PU-Al than on PU. On the other hand, PRT and APTT of the PU-He were significantly longer than those of the PU, PU-AA, and PU-Al. Moreover, adhesion of platelets was effectively suppressed on the PU-He, leading to good in vitro blood compatibility.     

智能型双电源开关控制器的设计

提出了一种以PIC16F884单片机为控制单元,以两台塑壳断路器双电源开关为控制对象的智能控制器的设计方案.介绍了控制器的工作原理和工作模式,并给出了硬件方案和软件设计思想以及抗干扰的方法.     

偏最小二乘方法在中药指纹图谱相似度研究中的应用

本文介绍了偏最小二乘作为1种新的方法应用于指纹图谱的相似度比较计算中.偏最小二乘方法通过从中药色谱或光谱数据中提取大量信息来预测出1个响应值.本文中利用偏最小二乘方法为基础来计算中药色谱指纹图谱的相似度.相比较于传统的相似度计算方法,上述方法得到的结果更加明确可靠,并且计算量少于其他算法.