机组初参数的热经济性模型研究及其应用

以汽轮机功率方程为基础,应用偏微分理论,根据汽轮机变工况的基本原理以及各参数之间的变化关系,经过严格的数学推导,得到了主蒸汽参数变化对机组热经济性影响的数学计算模型。此外,还以N600-16.7/537/537-I型汽轮机的运行数据为例,对模型进行验证。计算实例表明:该模型具有计算结果准确、使用方便、通用性强等特点,适用于工程实际应用,对机组性能监测和优化运行有重要意义。     

采用MATLAB图像处理技术在鱼病诊断中的应用

本文介绍了一种可以对水产养殖中鱼的病变情况进行监控的系统。通过MATLAB软件中强大的图像处理功能,对读入的图像进行中值滤波、灰度处理和二值处理,然后根据收缩与扩张的原理,编写程序,对二值图像进行数次收缩与扩张,以去除杂质点,最后采用区域矩特征的概念,统计出白色像素的数目,与统计数据相比较,即可判断出是否出现鱼类病变死亡等异常情况。     

百万千瓦超超临界汽轮机中压缸整体总装工艺技术

介绍了上海汽轮机有限公司1000MW超超临界汽轮机中压缸整体总装的工艺技术。本文从工艺方法、工装设备、检测手段等方面,对1000MW超超临界汽轮机中压缸在厂内整体总装的工艺技术进行了阐述。     

The β2-Subunit (AMOG) of Human Na+, K+-ATPase Is a Homophilic Adhesion Molecule

The β₂ subunit of Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase was originally identified as the adhesion molecule on glia (AMOG) that mediates the adhesion of astrocytes to neurons in the central nervous system and that is implicated in the regulation of neurite outgrowth and neuronal migration. While β₁ isoform have been shown to trans-interact in a species-specific mode with the β₁ subunit on the epithelial neighboring cell, the β₂ subunit has been shown to act as a recognition molecule on the glia. Nevertheless, none of the works have identified the binding partner of β₂ or described its adhesion mechanism. Until now, the interactions pronounced for β₂/AMOG are heterophilic cis-interactions. In the present report we designed experiments that would clarify whether β₂ is a cell–cell homophilic adhesion molecule. For this purpose, we performed protein docking analysis, cell–cell aggregation, and protein–protein interaction assays. We observed that the glycosylated extracellular domain of β₂/AMOG can make an energetically stable trans-interacting dimer. We show that CHO (Chinese Hamster Ovary) fibroblasts transfected with the human β₂ subunit become more adhesive and make large aggregates. The treatment with Tunicamycin in vivo reduced cell aggregation, suggesting the participation of N-glycans in that process. Protein–protein interaction assay in vivo with MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney) or CHO cells expressing a recombinant β₂ subunit show that the β₂ subunits on the cell surface of the transfected cell lines interact with each other. Overall, our results suggest that the human β₂ subunit can form trans-dimers between neighboring cells when expressed in non-astrocytic cells, such as fibroblasts (CHO) and epithelial cells (MDCK).     

Laminin as a Biomarker of Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption under Neuroinflammation: A Systematic Review

Laminin, a non-collagenous glycoprotein present in the brain extracellular matrix, helps to maintain blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity and regulation. Neuroinflammation can compromise laminin structure and function, increasing BBB permeability. The aim of this paper is to determine if neuroinflammation-induced laminin functional changes may serve as a potential biomarker of alterations in the BBB. The 38 publications included evaluated neuroinflammation, BBB disruption, and laminin, and were assessed for quality and risk of bias (protocol registered in PROSPERO; CRD42020212547). We found that laminin may be a good indicator of BBB overall structural integrity, although changes in expression are dependent on the pathologic or experimental model used. In ischemic stroke, permanent vascular damage correlates with increased laminin expression (β and γ subunits), while transient damage correlates with reduced laminin expression (α subunits). Laminin was reduced in traumatic brain injury and cerebral hemorrhage studies but increased in multiple sclerosis and status epilepticus studies. Despite these observations, there is limited knowledge about the role played by different subunits or isoforms (such as 411 or 511) of laminin in maintaining structural architecture of the BBB under neuroinflammation. Further studies may clarify this aspect and the possibility of using laminin as a biomarker in different pathologies, which have alterations in BBB function in common.     

Comparison of Biological Features of Wild European Rabbit Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Different Tissues

Although the European rabbit is an “endangered” species and a notorious biological model, the analysis and comparative characterization of new tissue sources of rabbit mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) have not been well addressed. Here, we report for the first time the isolation and characterization of rMSCs derived from an animal belonging to a natural rabbit population within the native region of the species. New rMSC lines were isolated from different tissues: oral mucosa (rOM-MSC), dermal skin (rDS-MSC), subcutaneous adipose tissue (rSCA-MSC), ovarian adipose tissue (rOA-MSC), oviduct (rO-MSC), and mammary gland (rMG-MSC). The six rMSC lines showed plastic adhesion with fibroblast-like morphology and were all shown to be positive for CD44 and CD29 expression (characteristic markers of MSCs), and negative for CD34 or CD45 expression. In terms of pluripotency features, all rMSC lines expressed NANOG, OCT4, and SOX2. Furthermore, all rMSC lines cultured under osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic conditions showed differentiation capacity. In conclusion, this study describes the isolation and characterization of new rabbit cell lines from different tissue origins, with a clear mesenchymal pattern. We show that rMSC do not exhibit differences in terms of morphological features, expression of the cell surface, and intracellular markers of pluripotency and in vitro differentiation capacities, attributable to their tissue of origin.     

Improving the Management of Endometrial Cancer Patients through the Use of Liquid Biopsy Analyses: A Case Report

Endometrial cancer (EC) is the 4th most common neoplasm of the female genital tract, with 15–20% of patients being of high risk of recurrence which leads to a significant decrease in patient survival. Current therapeutic options for patients with EC are poor, being the combined therapy of carboplatin and paclitaxel the standard of care, with limited efficacy. Therefore, new therapeutic options and better monitoring tools are needed to improve the management of the disease. In the current case report, we showcase the value of liquid biopsy analyses in a microsatellite instability EC patient with initially good prognosis that however underwent rapid progression disease within 6 months post-surgery; through the study of plasma cfDNA/ctDNA dynamics to assess the tumour evolution during treatment, as well as the study of the uterine aspirate as a valuable sample that captures the intra-tumour heterogeneity that allows a comprehensive genomic profiling of the disease to identify potential therapeutic options. Furthermore, preclinical models were generated at the time of tumour progression to assess the efficacy of the identified targeted therapies.