二维和三维微/纳高效精密加工中的纳立体刻印工艺

双光子聚合（TPP）是通过光敏剂中的非线性双光子吸收过程所引发的,其作为一种新工艺,自问世以来,已在二维和三维加工聚合应用领域中得到广泛研究．对于二维纳米图案的加工,纳复制工艺已经演变为体素模板扫描方法．该方法用黑白双色2块图作为设计图案,并转排成体素模板以控制聚焦激光素的开关．复杂的三维微结构也可以采用多重断面分层叠加的方法进行加工,各断面的扫描数据从三维CAD数据中得到．在聚合反应后,没有固化的液态树脂,其采用在树脂上浇注类似于酒精之类溶剂的方法去除,从而显露出聚合的微结构．在前期的工作中,已经成功地加工出了高空间分辨力的三维微光学器件,分辨力约为100nm．微机械器件和光子晶体等的近期研究工作提高了其TPP的效率和精度．介绍了近来开发的基于TPP的一些微加工工艺．     

人脸去遮挡新技术研究综述

刑侦工作中,若犯罪嫌疑人的人脸图像存在遮挡,人脸特征点遭到破坏,精确去除遮挡区域成为提高人脸识别技术的重要一步.因此,人脸去遮挡有着重要的研究意义.对人脸去遮挡技术最新进展进行阐述,并基于2016年首次提出的基于深度学习图像修复算法,介绍从2017年至今学者们提出的各类人脸去遮挡融合算法.首先根据遮挡方式的不同将现有算...     

Understanding cell-extracellular matrix interactions for topology-guided tissue regeneration

Tissues are made up of cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) which surrounds them. These cells and tissues are actively adaptable to enduring significant stress that occurs in daily life. This astonishing mechanical stress develops due to the interaction between the live cells and the non-living ECM. Cells in the matrix microenvironment can sense the signals and forces produced and initiate a signaling cascade that plays a crucial role in the body’s normal functioning and influences various properties of the native cells, including growth, proliferation, and differentiation. However, the matrix’s characteristic features also impact the repair and regeneration of the damaged tissues. The current study reviewed how the cell-ECM interaction regulates cellular behavior and physicochemical properties. Herein, we have described the response of cells to mechanical stresses, the importance of substrate stiffness and geometry in tissue regeneration, and the development of scaffolds to mimic the nature of native ECM in 3D for tissue engineering applications has also been discussed. Finally, the study summarizes the conclusions and promising prospects based on the cell-ECM interplay.